[On the history of domestic dentistry: professor Gilyariy Ivanovich Vilga and his attempts to reform dental education].

One of the most prominent Russian odontologists of the early twentieth century, privat-docent of the Imperial Moscow University Gilyariy Ivanovich Vilga was engaged in the problem of dental education reforming all his life. Considering dentistry, a branch of medical science, equal to its other branches, he considered the optimal model of higher dental education in institutes with a four-year course of study. As the chairman of the Moscow Dentistry Society and the chairman of the board of the Russian Union of Dentists, he presented this initiative to the commission of the State Duma in 1914, but the project was rejected; as a member of the Scientific Dentistry Commission, he attempted again to present his model of dental education in 1918, but the project was rejected by the board of the Dentistry subsection of the People's Commissariat of Health.

Increased Risk of Glaucoma in Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy Is Independent of TCF4 Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension (G/OHTN) in patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and correlate with FECD severity and TCF4 cytosine-thymine-guanine18.1 (CTG18.1) trinucleotide repeat expansion genotype.

[Yevdokimov's Five-Year Plan. On the 140th anniversary of his birth].

The name of Alexander Ivanovich Evdokimov is widely known to dentists all over the world. An outstanding leader, teacher, scientist and doctor, a wonderful man and a wonderful family man - this is how the first and only Hero of Socialist Labor in dentistry remains in the memory of grateful descendants. In 2012, by the decision of the Minister of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation T.

[From the history of domestic dentistry: Moscow Dental School of the Privat-docent of Moscow University, MD Gilyariy Ivanovich Vilga].

Based on archival data, the authors describe the Moscow School of Dentistry with dental courses for doctors, dentists, and dentists of the Moscow University, Privat-docent Dr. Gilyari Ivanovich Vilga, examine the background to its formation, provide unique archival data on the location of the school, as well as its internal organization and equipment. The authors review in detail the program of courses, as well as their duration, cost, and form of student accountability.

Achieving ultra-low and -uniform residual magnetic fields in a very large magnetically shielded room for fundamental physics experiments.

High-precision searches for an electric dipole moment of the neutron (nEDM) require stable and uniform magnetic field environments. We present the recent achievements of degaussing and equilibrating the magnetically shielded room (MSR) for the n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. We present the final degaussing configuration that will be used for n2EDM after numerous studies.

A large 'Active Magnetic Shield' for a high-precision experiment: nEDM collaboration.

We present a novel Active Magnetic Shield (AMS), designed and implemented for the n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. The experiment will perform a high-sensitivity search for the electric dipole moment of the neutron. Magnetic-field stability and control is of key importance for n2EDM.

Rab12 is a regulator of LRRK2 and its activation by damaged lysosomes.

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) variants associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Crohn's disease lead to increased phosphorylation of its Rab substrates. While it has been recently shown that perturbations in cellular homeostasis including lysosomal damage can increase LRRK2 activity and localization to lysosomes, the molecular mechanisms by which LRRK2 activity is regulated have remained poorly defined. We performed a targeted siRNA screen to identify regulators of LRRK2 activity and identified Rab12 as a novel modulator of LRRK2-dependent phosphorylation of one of its substrates, Rab10.

The very large n2EDM magnetically shielded room with an exceptional performance for fundamental physics measurements.

We present the magnetically shielded room (MSR) for the n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute, which features an interior cubic volume with each side of length 2.92 m, thus providing an accessible space of 25 m. The MSR has 87 openings of diameter up to 220 mm for operating the experimental apparatus inside and an intermediate space between the layers for housing sensitive signal processing electronics.

Mechanisms and models of movement of protocells and bacteria in the early stages of evolution.

A review of the physicochemical models of the movement of protocells and bacteria was performed. The mechanisms of gliding and movement based on flagella are considered. Based on the models, the average speed of movement of protocells and bacteria was calculated.

Preclinical and clinical evaluation of the LRRK2 inhibitor DNL201 for Parkinson's disease.

Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 () are the most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). Increased LRRK2 kinase activity is thought to impair lysosomal function and may contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. Thus, inhibition of LRRK2 is a potential disease-modifying therapeutic strategy for PD.

Finding the Light Emission Stimulator of Neonothopanus nambi Basidiomycete and Studying Its Properties.

A stimulator of light emission of the fungus was found in an aqueous extract from mycelium of the luminous basidiomycete Neonothopanus nambi after its treatment with β-glucosidase. The addition of the extract to the luminous mycelium increases the level of light emission from several times to 1.5 orders of magnitude or more.

Cross-species genetic screens identify transglutaminase 5 as a regulator of polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-1.

Many neurodegenerative disorders are caused by abnormal accumulation of misfolded proteins. In spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), accumulation of polyglutamine-expanded (polyQ-expanded) ataxin-1 (ATXN1) causes neuronal toxicity. Lowering total ATXN1, especially the polyQ-expanded form, alleviates disease phenotypes in mice, but the molecular mechanism by which the mutant ATXN1 is specifically modulated is not understood.

ALDOSTERONE SYNTHASE GENE С-344Т POLYMORPHISM AS A RISK FACTOR OF EARLY LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELING IN YOUNG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH OBESITY.

The purposes of the research were to study the prevalence of C-344T polymorphism and the distribution of aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) genotypes, to analyze the association of aldosterone concentration with aldosterone synthase gene genotypes, to study the features of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) by echocardioscopy and identify their association with different genotypes of the aldosterone synthase gene in young patients with arterial hypertension (AH), depending on the presence or absence of concomitant obesity (or overweight). 123 young patients with essential AH (18-44 years old) were examined, the average age was (32,83±0,58) years old, the male/female ratio was 72/51 respectively. All patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n=41) with normal body weight; group 2 (n=40) with overweight; group 3 (n=42) -with obesity.

Biodistribution of Detonation Synthesis Nanodiamonds in Mice after Intravenous Administration and Some Biochemical Changes in Blood Plasma.

Biodistribution of nanodiamonds in mice after intravenous administration, activities of AST and ALT, and the level of bilirubin in the blood plasma were studied in 2.5 h and 10, 35, and 97 days after injection of nanodiamonds. In 2.

Data blinding for the nEDM experiment at PSI.

Psychological bias towards, or away from, prior measurements or theory predictions is an intrinsic threat to any data analysis. While various methods can be used to try to avoid such a bias, actively avoiding looking at the result, only data blinding is a traceable and trustworthy method that can circumvent the bias and convince a public audience that there is not even an accidental psychological bias. Data blinding is nowadays a standard practice in particle physics, but it is particularly difficult for experiments searching for the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM), as several cross measurements, in particular of the magnetic field, create a self-consistent network into which it is hard to inject a false signal.

The design of the n2EDM experiment: nEDM Collaboration.

We present the design of a next-generation experiment, n2EDM, currently under construction at the ultracold neutron source at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) with the aim of carrying out a high-precision search for an electric dipole moment of the neutron. The project builds on experience gained with the previous apparatus operated at PSI until 2017, and is expected to deliver an order of magnitude better sensitivity with provision for further substantial improvements. An overview is of the experimental method and setup is given, the sensitivity requirements for the apparatus are derived, and its technical design is described.

Reusable System for Phenol Detection in an Aqueous Medium Based on Nanodiamonds and Extracellular Oxidase from Basidiomycete Neonothopanus nambi.

A reusable system for phenol determination in an aqueous medium was obtained by adsorption of extracellular oxidase from fungus Neonothopanus nambi onto modified nanodiamonds (MND) synthesized by detonation. It was found that the enzyme strongly binds to MND and exhibits catalytic activity in the reaction of co-oxidation of phenol with 4-aminoantipyrine without the addition of hydrogen peroxide. In the presence of the MND-oxidase complex, a significantly (by an order of magnitude) higher yield of the reaction product is recorded as compared to the yield in the presence of a free enzyme; the mechanism of the revealed effect is discussed.

Extracellular Oxidase from the Neonothopanus nambi Fungus as a Promising Enzyme for Analytical Applications.

The extracellular enzyme with oxidase function was extracted from the Neonothopanus nambi luminescent fungus by using mild processing of mycelium with β-glucosidase and then isolated by gel-filtration chromatography. The extracted enzyme is found to be a FAD-containing protein, catalyzing phenol co-oxidation with 4-aminoantipyrine without addition of HO, which distinguishes it from peroxidases. This fact allowed us to assume that this enzyme may be a mixed-function oxidase.

Dual targeting of brain region-specific kinases potentiates neurological rescue in Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1.

A critical question in neurodegeneration is why the accumulation of disease-driving proteins causes selective neuronal loss despite their brain-wide expression. In Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), accumulation of polyglutamine-expanded Ataxin-1 (ATXN1) causes selective degeneration of cerebellar and brainstem neurons. Previous studies revealed that inhibiting Msk1 reduces phosphorylation of ATXN1 at S776 as well as its levels leading to improved cerebellar function.

Demonstration of Muon-Beam Transverse Phase-Space Compression.

We demonstrate efficient transverse compression of a 12.5  MeV/c muon beam stopped in a helium gas target featuring a vertical density gradient and crossed electric and magnetic fields. The muon stop distribution extending vertically over 14 mm was reduced to a 0.

Efficacy of pectoral nerve block type II versus thoracic paravertebral block for analgesia in breast cancer surgery.

Background: Ultrasound-guided pectoral nerve block type II is a recently proposed technique for postoperative analgesia after breast cancer surgery. The thoracic paravertebral block is widely used for this purpose by decades. The presented study compares the efficacy of these two techniques for postoperative analgesia.

Study of the immunogenicity of the VP2 protein of canine parvovirus produced using an improved Baculovirus expression system.

Background: Canine parvovirus (CPV) is now recognized as a serious threat to the dog breeding industry worldwide. Currently used CPV vaccines all have their specific drawbacks, prompting a search for alternative safe and effective vaccination strategies such as subunit vaccine. VP2 protein is the major antigen targeted for developing CPV subunit vaccine, however, its production in baculovirus expression system remains challenging due to the insufficient yield.

Extracellular Oxidases of Basidiomycete Neonothopanus nambi: Isolation and Some Properties.

Using the original technique of treating biomass with β-glucosidase, a pool of extracellular fungal enzymes was obtained for the first time from the mycelium of basidiomycete Neonothopanus nambi. Two protein fractions containing enzymes with oxidase activity were isolated from the extract by gel-filtration chromatography and conventionally called F1 and F2. Enzyme F1 has a native molecular weight of 80-85 kDa and does not contain chromophore components; however, it catalyzes the oxidation of veratryl alcohol with K = 0.