Effects of diet and ovariectomy on brain infection: functional alterations and neuronal loss in rats.

Epidemiological evidence associates latent infection with the development of neuropsychiatric disorders, and various immunological and environmental factors play key pathophysiological roles through host immune response alterations. We investigated the cognitive and motor alterations occurring in the terminal stage of infection in rats, and whether a low-protein diet, a high-fat diet or ovariectomy may accelerate their development, given the role of malnutrition and menopause on immunity and resistance to infection. In two sets of experiments, 2-month-old (157.

Aframomumlabdane, a new bislabdane diterpenoid from zingiberaceae).

A previously undescribed bislabdane diterpenoid namely aframomumlabdane (), was isolated from the seed of together with seven known compounds (-). Their structures were established based on a comprehensive analysis of HR-ESI-MS, in conjunction with their 1D and 2D-NMR data. Compound was evaluated for its cytotoxic activity against four cancer cell lines: A549, HepG2, SPC212 and DLD-1.

The genus Canthium: A comprehensive summary on its traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities.

Canthium Lam. is a genus of flowering plants of the Rubiaceae family with about 80-102 species mainly distributed in Asia, tropical and subtropical Africa. The genus is closely related to Keetia E.

Isolation and antibacterial activity of anomanol B and other secondary metabolites from the stem bark of (Annonaceae).

A new Lanosta-7,9(11),22-trien-3,15,20-triol named Anomanol B together with five known compounds: manniindole , arborinine , polycarpol 8,9-dimethoxyphenanthridin-6(5)-one and 3-O--D-glucopyranosyl--sitosterol were isolated from the stem bark extract of by routine chromatography techniques. 8,9-dimethoxyphenanthridin-6(5)-one was reported from natural origin for the first time. The structures of the compounds were established by comprehensive elucidation of spectroscopic data and by comparison with literature data.

Inhibitory effects of 190 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 M protein: Molecular docking interactions.

COVID-19 has caused many deaths since the first outbreak in 2019. The burden on healthcare systems around the world has been reduced by the success of vaccines. However, population adherence and the occurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants are still challenging tasks to be affronted.

Cytotoxicity of the methanol extracts and compounds of Brucea antidysenterica (Simaroubaceae) towards multifactorial drug-resistant human cancer cell lines.

Background: Cancer remains a global health concern and constitutes an important barrier to increasing life expectancy. Malignant cells rapidly develop drug resistance leading to many clinical therapeutic failures. The importance of medicinal plants as an alternative to classical drug discovery to fight cancer is well known.

Chemical Constituents of , Antimicrobial and Chemophenetic Studies.

Medicinal plants are known as sources of potential antimicrobial compounds belonging to different classes. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of the crude extract, fractions, and some isolated secondary metabolites from the leaves of , a Cameroonian medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of microbial infections. Repeated column chromatography of the ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions led to the isolation of seventeen previously known compounds (), among which three steroids (), one triterpene (), four flavonoids (), two stilbenoids ( and ) four ellagic acid derivatives (), one geraniinic acid derivative (), one coumarine (), and one glyceride ().

Antibacterial and antibiotic-potentiation activity of the constituents from aerial part of Donella welwitshii (Sapotaceae) against multidrug resistant phenotypes.

Background: The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a real public health problem worldwide and is responsible for the increase in hospital infections. Donella welwitschii is a liana or shrub belonging to the family Sapotaceae and traditionally used to cure coughs.

Objective: This study was conducted with the objective to validate the medicinal properties of this plant, the aerial part was studied for its phytochemical composition using column and PTLC chromatography and exploring its antibacterial and antibiotic-modifying activity as well as those of its phytochemicals.

Antibacterial and antibiotic-potentiation activities of the hydro-ethanolic extract and protoberberine alkaloids from the stem bark of Enantia chlorantha against multidrug-resistant bacteria expressing active efflux pumps.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Enantia chlorantha is traditionally used to treat various ailments including rickettsia fever, cough and wounds, typhoid fever, infective hepatitis, jaundice, and urinary tract infections.

Aim Of The Study: To isolate the antibacterial constituents of the hydro-ethanolic extract of the stem bark of E. chlorantha (ECB) and to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiotic-modifying activities of ECB and its constituents against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes.

Atricephenols A and B, two phenolic compounds from Hook.f. (Fabaceae).

The phytochemical investigation of a previously unstudied species of the genus , Hook.f. was undertaken and two new phenolic compounds, atricephenols A () and B () were isolated, along with nine known secondary metabolites .

Soyauxinine, a New Indolopyridoquinazoline Alkaloid from the Stem Bark of Engl. (Rutaceae).

The chemical investigation of the total alkaloid extract (TAE) of the stem bark of (Rutaceae) afforded an unreported indolopyridoquinazoline (compound ) along with nine previously known alkaloids -. In addition, six semi-synthetic derivatives -, , and were prepared by allylation and acetonidation of soyauxinium nitrate (), edulinine (), ribalinine () and arborinine (). The structures and spectroscopic data of five of them are reported herein for the first time.

()-Brunneusine, a new phenolic compound with antibacterial properties in aqueous medium from the leaves of (Engl.) Tiegh (LORANTHACEAE).

(Loranthaceae) is a hemiparasitic plant growing on (Fabaceae). The chemical investigation of its leaves and flowers led to the isolation of one new phenolic compound namely (-)-brunneusine (), together with 13 known compounds. The crude leaves and flowers extracts (CLE and CFLE) with their ethyl acetate fractions (EAFL and EAFFL) and some isolated compounds (; and ) have been tested on four bacterial species of sanitary importance isolated in an aquatic environment.

improves cognitive and motor function of a rat model of acute radiation syndrome in the elevated plus maze.

We reported recently that the elevated plus maze is a good tool for evaluating cognitive and motor functional changes in gamma-irradiated rats as a model for new drug evaluation and monitoring. The capacity of to mitigate radiation-induced brain injury is currently unknown. We therefore assessed the effects of the neuroprotective medicinal plant , on the cognitive and motor changes in this murine model of acute radiation syndrome.

Chemical constituents of two Cameroonian medicinal plants: L. and Burm. f. (Malvaceae) and their antiplasmodial activity.

An extensive phytochemical investigation of the EtOH/HO (7:3) extracts of L. and Burm. f.

Triterpene saponins from the roots of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.

Six new triterpenoid saponins, named senegalosides A-F (1-6) were isolated from the seedpods and roots of Acacia senegal (Mimosaceae). Their structures were elucidated using 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis and mass spectrometry. Compound 1 possesses an unusual sapogenin, 3β-hydroxy-21-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (machaeric acid), and was reported here in its natural form for the first time within the genus Acacia.

Bioguided identification of pentacyclic triterpenoids as anti-inflammatory bioactive constituents of Ocimum gratissimum extract.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ocimum gratissimum is a plant spice widely used in African traditional medicine to treat pain-related conditions. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms underlying this activity and the main active ingredients in O. gratissimum have not yet been fully characterized.

The alkaloid, soyauxinium chloride, displays remarkable cytotoxic effects towards a panel of cancer cells, inducing apoptosis, ferroptosis and necroptosis.

The cytotoxic potential of a naturally occurring indoloquinazoline alkaloid, soyauxinium chloride (SCHL), was determined on a broad panel of animal and human cancer cell lines, including various sensitive and drug-resistant phenotypes. The cytotoxicity, SCHL-induced autophagic, ferroptotic, and necroptotic cell death were evaluated by the resazurin reduction assay (RRA). Caspase-Glo assay was used to detect the activity of caspases using spectrophotometric analysis.

Cytotoxicity of botanicals and isolated phytochemicals from Araliopsis soyauxii Engl. (Rutaceae) towards a panel of human cancer cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Araliopsis soyauxii Engl. (Rutaceae) is a Cameroonian medicinal plant traditionally used to treat lung diseases, malaria, and gonorrhea. It has been demonstrated that infectious disease contribute to about 20% of all human tumours.

Botanicals from the leaves of had better cytotoxic effects than isolated phytochemicals towards MDR cancer cells lines.

The efficiency of cancer chemotherapy is seriously hampered by the development of resistance of neoplastic cells to cytotoxic agents. In the present investigation, the cytotoxicity of the dichloromethane-methanol (1:1) extract of (ASL), fractions (ASLa-c) from the leaves and isolated compounds: chrysoeriol-7--rutinoside (), luteolin-7--rutinoside (), chrysoeriol-7---glucopyranoside (), Apigenin-7---glucopyranoside (), luteolin-3',4'-dimethoxylether-7---glucoside () and luteolin () was investigated. The study was extended to the assessment of the mode of induction of apoptosis by ASL.

Steroidal saponins from Raphia vinifera and their cytotoxic activity.

Phytochemical analysis of the fruits of Raphia vinifera led to the isolation of four new steroidal saponins (1-4), along with six known secondary metabolites (6-10). The structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on the analyses of NMR and mass spectrometric data, and chemical degradation reactions. Among the compounds tested, 1 and 4 showed the most promising cytotoxic activity against the drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM leukemia cell lines, with IC values of 3.

Synthesis of Novel Stilbene-Coumarin Derivatives and Antifungal Screening of -Specialized Metabolites Against .

is one of the most toxigenic phytopathogens causing diseases and reduced agricultural productivity worldwide. Current chemical fungicides exhibit toxicity against non-target organisms, triggering negative environmental impact, and are a danger to consumers. In order to explore the chemical diversity of plants for potential antifungal applications, crude extract and fractions from were screened for their activity against two multi-resistant strains: and .

Cytotoxicity of a naturally occuring spirostanol saponin, progenin III, towards a broad range of cancer cell lines by induction of apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis.

This study was aimed to investigate the cytotoxic potential of a natural compound, progenin III on a broad range of cancer cell lines, including various sensitive and drug-resistant phenotypes. The cytotoxicity, progenin III-induced autophagic, ferroptotic and necroptotic cell death were evaluated by the resazurin reduction assay (RRA). Spectrophotometric analysis of caspases activity was performed using caspase-Glo assay.