Roadmap on nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging.

The field of nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging (NanoMRI) was started 30 years ago. It was motivated by the desire to image single molecules and molecular assemblies, such as proteins and virus particles, with near-atomic spatial resolution and on a length scale of 100 nm. Over the years, the NanoMRI field has also expanded to include the goal of useful high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of molecules under ambient conditions, including samples up to the micron-scale.

Ultra-narrow inhomogeneous spectral distribution of telecom-wavelength vanadium centres in isotopically-enriched silicon carbide.

Spin-active quantum emitters have emerged as a leading platform for quantum technologies. However, one of their major limitations is the large spread in optical emission frequencies, which typically extends over tens of GHz. Here, we investigate single V vanadium centres in 4H-SiC, which feature telecom-wavelength emission and a coherent S = 1/2 spin state.

Blood cell differential count discretisation modelling to predict survival in adults reporting to the emergency room: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To assess the survival predictivity of baseline blood cell differential count (BCDC), discretised according to two different methods, in adults visiting an emergency room (ER) for illness or trauma over 1 year.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of hospital records.

Setting: Tertiary care public hospital in northern Italy.

Resonance Fluorescence from Waveguide-Coupled, Strain-Localized, Two-Dimensional Quantum Emitters.

Efficient on-chip integration of single-photon emitters imposes a major bottleneck for applications of photonic integrated circuits in quantum technologies. Resonantly excited solid-state emitters are emerging as near-optimal quantum light sources, if not for the lack of scalability of current devices. Current integration approaches rely on cost-inefficient individual emitter placement in photonic integrated circuits, rendering applications impossible.

[The management of pain, delirium and dyspnea at home: a proposal for management algorithms].

. The management of pain delirium and dyspnea at home: a proposal for management algorithms. The project "E-health, advanced nursing care for the cancer patient at home" includes the implementation of an app (and the evaluation of the feasibility of its use) but the core aspect is the availability of a group of nurses able to prevent and answer the needs of the palliative care patients.

Resource-efficient adaptive Bayesian tracking of magnetic fields with a quantum sensor.

Single-spin quantum sensors, for example based on nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond, provide nanoscale mapping of magnetic fields. In applications where the magnetic field may be changing rapidly, total sensing time is crucial and must be minimised. Bayesian estimation and adaptive experiment optimisation can speed up the sensing process by reducing the number of measurements required.

Eosinopenia is a reliable marker of severe disease and unfavourable outcome in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Background And Aim: Viral pneumonia is the most relevant clinical presentation of COVID-19 which may lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome and even death. Eosinopenia was often noticed in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, but its role is poorly investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and eosinopenia.

Preliminary assessment of the new Sysmex XN parameter Iron-Def for identifying iron deficiency.

Background: Although the clinical assessment of iron status is usually based on iron stores, a rapid and accurate diagnosis of iron deficiency is challenging since ferritin is often unavailable as an urgent test and its value is frequently increased in acute phase conditions. This study was therefore aimed at evaluating the diagnostic performance of the new Sysmex XN "Iron Deficiency?" (Iron-Def) parameter for identifying patients with iron deficiency.

Materials And Methods: The study population consisted of 688 consecutive patients (median age: 71 years; 341 women and 347 men), referred for routine diagnostics to the Laboratory of Clinical Pathology of Lecco Hospital, Italy.

Spin-layer locking of interlayer excitons trapped in moiré potentials.

Van der Waals heterostructures offer attractive opportunities to design quantum materials. For instance, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) possess three quantum degrees of freedom: spin, valley index and layer index. Furthermore, twisted TMD heterobilayers can form moiré patterns that modulate the electronic band structure according to the atomic registry, leading to spatial confinement of interlayer excitons (IXs).

Use of the reticulocyte channel warmed to 41°C of the XN-9000 analyzer in samples with the presence of cold agglutinins.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare data obtained from the reticulocyte channel (RET channel) heated to 41°C with those obtained from impedance channel (I-Channel) at room temperature in the samples with the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)<370g/L and in samples with the MCHC>370g/L, in the presence of cold agglutinins.

Methods: In this study, 60 blood samples (group 1) with the MCHC<370g/L (without cold agglutinins) and 78 blood samples (group 2) with the MCHC>370g/L (with cold agglutinins) were used to compare the two analytical channels of the XN-9000 analyzer in different preanalytical conditions. The parameters evaluated in both groups were the following: red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean cell volume (MCV), RBC-most frequent volume (R-MFV), mean hemoglobin concentration (MCH) and mean cellular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC).

Electrical Charge State Manipulation of Single Silicon Vacancies in a Silicon Carbide Quantum Optoelectronic Device.

Color centers with long-lived spins are established platforms for quantum sensing and quantum information applications. Color centers exist in different charge states, each of them with distinct optical and spin properties. Application to quantum technology requires the capability to access and stabilize charge states for each specific task.

High-fidelity spin and optical control of single silicon-vacancy centres in silicon carbide.

Scalable quantum networking requires quantum systems with quantum processing capabilities. Solid state spin systems with reliable spin-optical interfaces are a leading hardware in this regard. However, available systems suffer from large electron-phonon interaction or fast spin dephasing.

Prognostic nutritional index as a prognostic marker in glioblastoma: Data from a cohort of 282 Italian patients.

Preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is linked to the clinical outcome of patients with malignant tumours, however few studies have investigated its utility in predicting outcome in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We performed a retrospective study on adult patients with GBM in order to evaluate the impact of PNI on overall survival (OS), after adjusting for known prognostic factor (age, extent of surgery, Karnofsky performance status, radiochemotherapy). This is an Italian, multicentre, retrospective, cohort study.

Nitrogen-improved photosynthesis quantum yield is driven by increased thylakoid density, enhancing green light absorption.

A nitrogen supply is necessary for all plants. The multifaceted reasons why this nutrient stimulates plant dry weight accumulation are assessed herein. We compared tomato plants grown in full sunlight and in low light environments under four N doses and evaluated plant growth, photosynthetic and calorimetric parameters, leaf anatomy, chloroplast transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a high resolution profile of optical leaf properties.

Increased Gibberellins and Light Levels Promotes Cell Wall Thickness and Enhance Lignin Deposition in Xylem Fibers.

Light intensity and hormones (gibberellins; GAs) alter plant growth and development. A fine regulation triggered by light and GAs induces changes in stem cell walls (CW). Cross-talk between light-stimulated and GAs-induced processes as well as the phenolic compounds metabolism leads to modifications in lignin formation and deposition on cell walls.

Optimized quantum sensing with a single electron spin using real-time adaptive measurements.

Quantum sensors based on single solid-state spins promise a unique combination of sensitivity and spatial resolution. The key challenge in sensing is to achieve minimum estimation uncertainty within a given time and with high dynamic range. Adaptive strategies have been proposed to achieve optimal performance, but their implementation in solid-state systems has been hindered by the demanding experimental requirements.

In vivo dosimetry of thyroid doses from different irradiated sites in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Scattered radiation can be assessed by in vivo dosimetry. Thyroid tissue is sensitive to radiation, even at doses <10 cGy. This study compared the scattered dose to the thyroid measured by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) and the estimated one by treatment planning system (TPS).

H1 photonic crystal cavities for hybrid quantum information protocols.

Hybrid quantum information protocols are based on local qubits, such as trapped atoms, NV centers, and quantum dots, coupled to photons. The coupling is achieved through optical cavities. Here we demonstrate far-field optimized H1 photonic crystal membrane cavities combined with an additional back reflection mirror below the membrane that meet the optical requirements for implementing hybrid quantum information protocols.

Optical modes in oxide-apertured micropillar cavities.

We present a detailed experimental characterization of the spectral and spatial structure of the confined optical modes for oxide-apertured micropillar cavities, showing good-quality Hermite-Gaussian profiles, easily mode-matched to external fields. We further derive a relation between the frequency splitting of the transverse modes and the expected Purcell factor. Finally, we describe a technique to retrieve the profile of the confining refractive index distribution from the spatial profiles of the modes.

Simple tools for complex syndromes: a three-level difficulty test for hepatic encephalopathy.

Background: Despite the impact of hepatic encephalopathy on quality of life and prognosis, easily administered tests for its diagnosis are still lacking.

Aim: To assess the usefulness of the Scan package, a three-level-difficulty computerised reaction time test, to diagnose varying degrees of hepatic encephalopathy.

Methods: Sixty-one cirrhotic patients underwent clinical evaluation, paper-and-pencil psychometry and the Scan package; 32 healthy controls served as reference.

Hypertension favors the inflammatory process in rats with experimentally induced periodontitis.

Background And Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are significantly correlated with chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone-loss level, neutrophil migration, CXCL2/CINC-2α, CXCL5/LIX, CCL20/MIP-3α and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and C-reactive protein (CRP) release in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and normotensive (WTK) rats after experimental induction of periodontal disease.

Material And Methods: Periodontitis was induced by placement of silk yarn ligatures around the first molar counterparts.

[Thyroid disorders associated with external radiation in children and adolescents].

The effects of ionizing radiation on the thyroid have been studied for several decades, and nuclear accidents are the major source of information about the subject. There is an association of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodules and cancer with radiation, but the threshold dose, mechanism of injury, and some risk factors have not been fully established. Children are more susceptible to thyroid injury caused by radiation and require prolonged follow-up after exposure.