Adult and pediatric physiologically-based biopharmaceutics modeling to explain lamotrigine immediate release absorption process.

Physiologically-based biopharmaceutics modeling (PBBM) has potential to accelerate the development of new drug and formulations. An important application of PBBM is for special populations such as pediatrics that have pharmacokinetics dependent on the maturation process. Lamotrigine (LTG) is a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) II drug and is widely prescribed.

Rationale and Design of the Randomized Bayesian Multicenter COME-TAVI Trial in Patients With a New Onset Left Bundle Branch Block.

Patients with new-onset left bundle branch block (LBBB) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are at risk of developing delayed high-degree atrioventricular block. Management of new-onset LBBB post-TAVI remains controversial. In the mparison of a Clinical onitoring Strategy Versus lectrophysiology-Guided Algorithmic Approach in Patients With a New LBBB After (COME-TAVI) trial, consenting patients with new-onset LBBB that persists on day 2 after TAVI, meeting exclusion/inclusion criteria, are randomized to an electrophysiological study (EPS)-guided approach or 30-day electrocardiographic monitoring.

Generic Workflow to Predict Medicine Concentrations in Human Milk Using Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modelling-A Contribution from the ConcePTION Project.

Women commonly take medication during lactation. Currently, there is little information about the exposure-related safety of maternal medicines for breastfed infants. The aim was to explore the performance of a generic physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict concentrations in human milk for ten physiochemically diverse medicines.

Novel Humanized Biosimulator to Predict Coronary Obstruction in High-Risk Valve-in-Valve Procedures.

We developed humanized biosimulator to predict the risk of coronary obstruction among high-risk patients undergoing valve-in-valve (ViV) procedures. In this case, based on unchanged instantaneous wave-free ratio values measured during a ViV simulation session, the procedure was performed safely in the patient the day afterward, without coronary artery issues and with good hemodynamic results. ().

Antimicrobial effect and the mechanical and surface properties of a self-disinfecting and a chlorhexidine-incorporated Type IV dental stone.

Statement Of Problem: Stone casts are subject to contamination, but whether disinfectants incorporated into the stone are effective is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and the mechanical and surface properties of self-disinfecting gypsum (SDG) and gypsum mixed with 2% chlorhexidine (GCHX).

Material And Methods: Antimicrobial action was evaluated using the diffusion-disk technique on Streptococcus aureus and Candida albicans 1 hour and 24 hours after pouring the gypsum.

Bioprosthetic Valve Fracture After TAVR Complicated by Balloon Rupture: Bail-Out TAVR in TAVR in SAVR.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in surgical aortic valve is a safe and effective procedure to treat patients with failed bioprosthetic surgical valves at high risk for reoperation. Performing bioprosthetic valve fracture has been shown to improve postprocedural hemodynamics of TAVR in surgical aortic valve replacement. However, specific complications related to valve fracture are becoming more common.

Effect of the incorporation of silica blow spun nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles (SiO/Ag) on the mechanical, physicochemical, and biological properties of a low-viscosity bulk-fill composite resin.

Objective: This work aimed at producing silica-blow-spun nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles (SiO/Ag) and investigating the effect of their incorporation in different proportions, with or without pre-treatment with a silane coupling agent, on the mechanical, physicochemical, and biological properties of a commercial composite low-viscosity bulk-fill resin.

Methods: The production of SiO/Ag nanofibers was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). A portion of the produced nanofibers was silanized.

The Evolution of Transcatheter Therapies for Mitral Valve Disease: From Mitral Valvuloplasty to Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement.

The prevalence of mitral valve disease has evolved over the past 5 decades from primarily a disease of rheumatic origin to a disease affecting the aging population that encompasses a range of phenotypes from rheumatic mitral stenosis, degenerative mitral regurgitation, and degenerative mitral valve calcification to secondary mitral regurgitation. A reflection on the history of therapy for mitral valve disease is an expedition that follows the birth and development of structural heart intervention from the first percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty to innovative technologies for transcatheter mitral valve repair and replacement. This review will lead you along this journey, pause to acknowledge the feats accomplished, and reflect on the road that lies ahead.

Initial clinical experience with VersaCross transseptal system for transcatheter mitral valve repair.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to describe the initial experience with versacross transseptal (TS) system for transseptal puncture for the transcatheter mitral valve repair using the MitraClip device.

Background: Transeptal puncture is a key step in transcatheter mitral valve repair (MVR) and the use of the VersaCross system comprised of a sheath, a dilator and a radiofrequency wire has not been previously described.

Methods: Prospective single center study of consecutive patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair with the MitraClip device were included.

The pesticides use and the risk for head and neck cancer: A review of case-control studies.

Background: Tobacco, alcohol consumption, and HPV infection are the most common risk factors for head and neck cancer (HNC). Despite of this, recent evidences are growing on the association between long-term exposure to pesticides and the risk of chronic diseases, including different types of cancer. The present review evaluated in current literature evidence of an association between exposure to pesticides and the occurrence of HNCs.

Successful implantation of self-expanding valve for a failed stentless prosthesis.

Valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation is currently used for failed bioprosthesis. The use of a transcatheter prosthesis in a regurgitant noncalcified root implanted Medtronic Freestyle prosthesis is particularly challenging. We present a successful transaxillary valve-in-valve implantation of a self-expandable transcatheter aortic valve prosthesis in a failed Freestyle bioprothesis implanted eleven years earlier.

Awareness on oral cancer among patients attending dental school clinics in Brazil.

Background: Oral cancer is considered a public health problem worldwide. Dental schools may play an important role in educating patients about oral cancer. This study aimed at evaluating the knowledge of patients attending clinics at two dental schools in Brazil.

In vitro antimicrobial and anticancer properties of TiO blow-spun nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles.

Nanosilver immobilized on TiO nanometric fibers (Ag/TiO) was produced by solution blow spinning and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, N adsorption/desorption, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, water contact angle, and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy analyses. The in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activities of the produced nanofibers was also investigated. Ag/TiO nanofibers revealed a crystalline structure compatible with the rutile crystalline phase, as well as a mesoporous and superhydrophilic nature.

Cytokine Regulation from Human Peripheral Blood Leukocytes Cultured with Silver Doped Bioactive Glasses Microparticles.

Bioactive glasses (BG) applications include tissue engineering for bone regeneration, coating for implants, and scaffolds for wound healing. BG can be conjugated to ions like silver, which might add some antimicrobial properties to this biomaterial. The immunomodulatory activity of ion-doped bioactive glasses particles was not investigated before.

Cost consequence analysis of use of a balloon expandable vascular access system and standard vascular sheath for transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Vascular complications are an important complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality as well as cost. The Solopath device is an expandable vascular access system that has previously been shown to be associated with lower rates of vascular complications. This study sought to evaluate the impact of the use of this system on vascular complications and costs in a decision model analysis.

Clinical outcomes of bioresorbable vascular scaffold to treat all-comer patients. Are patients with acute coronary syndrome better candidates for bioresorbable vascular scaffold?

Background: Scaffold thromboses (ST) and adverse events and have been associated with bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) at long-term, but their mechanism remains unclear. We sought to evaluate patient and lesion characteristics associated with mid- to long-term outcomes in patients treated with BVS.

Methods: This is an observational single-center, single-arm, retrospective study evaluating the performance of BVS in an all-comer population, including complex lesions (chronic total occlusions, long lesions), small vessels, and acute coronary syndromes (ACS).

Dental Students' Perceptions and Performance in Use of Conventional and Virtual Microscopy in Oral Pathology.

Virtual microscopy (VM) is a technology for showing microscope slides using computers and could be considered a progression of classic methodology using optical microscopes. The aim of this study was to analyze the perceptions and performance of dental students in oral pathology regarding the use of conventional microscopy (CM) and VM in relation to teaching and learning. All fourth-semester dental students (N=165) in an oral pathology course at the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco in Brazil in 2016-17 were invited to participate in the study.

Pesticides as risk factors for head and neck cancer: A review.

Humans may be exposed to pesticides such as fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides, during occupational and non-occupational activities. Pesticides could be related to cancer development mainly because of their effects on the endocrine and immune systems and their cumulative effect. The present review evaluated in current literature evidence of an association between exposure to pesticides and the occurrence of head and neck cancer (HNC).

Clinical outcomes and economic impact of transcatheter mitral leaflet repair in heart failure patients.

Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a common valvular heart disorder requiring intervention once it becomes severe. Transcatheter mitral repair with the MitraClip device is a safe and effective therapy for selected patients denied surgery. The authors sought to evaluate the clinical outcomes and economic impact of this therapy compared to medical management in heart-failure patients with symptomatic mitral regurgitation.

Quality of life in young adult patients treated for bladder exstrophy.

Introduction: Bladder exstrophy (BE) is a rare condition that requires complex surgical corrections to achieve the goals of bladder functionality, normal sexual function, continence, and finally cosmesis. The purpose of this study was to identify clinical parameters that predict better quality of life (QOL) scores using a validated questionnaire (SF-36) with young adults after completing surgical reconstruction.

Material And Methods: Forty-three young adults (mean age 22.

Four-year experience with the CoreValve transcatheter heart valve.

Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the long-term device performance and clinical outcomes of patients with symptomatic, severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with the CoreValve bioprosthesis.

Methods And Results: The CoreValve CE Pivotal Study was a prospective, multicentre, single-arm TAVI trial using the CoreValve system. Valve performance, patient quality of life (QoL), New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, and mortality at four years were analysed in 126 patients (mean age 82.

Efficacy of a balloon-expandable vascular access system in transfemoral TAVI patients.

Background: Vascular complications (VC) are a serious and frequent complication of transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and result in increased morbidity and mortality. It has been suggested that newly developed vascular sheaths may increase the ability to perform transfemoral TAVI in patients with normal and access-limiting peripheral artery disease (PAD) and reduce vascular complications.

Aims: We sought to assess the safety and efficacy of the 19 French (F) SoloPath balloon-expandable transfemoral vascular access system in patients who underwent transfemoral TAVI at our center between 2011 and 2014.