Anti-acne properties of hydrophobic fraction of red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) and its active components.

Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin that occurs when bacteria abnormally grow in hair follicles. The most common treatment is antibiotics, but they are limited due to antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to identify the active ingredients of the antimicrobial effects of red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.

Red ginseng root extract mixed with Torilus fructus and Corni fructus improves facial wrinkles and increases type I procollagen synthesis in human skin: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Red ginseng contains many bioactive constituents, including various ginsenosides that are believed to have antioxidant, immunostimulatory, and anti-aging activities. Yet, no controlled human study has explored its effects on photoaged skin. This study determined whether long-term intake of a red ginseng extract-containing Torilus fructus and Corni fructus mixture reduces facial wrinkles and increases collagen synthesis in human skin.

Fischer carbene catalysis of alkynol cycloisomerization: application to the synthesis of the altromycin B disaccharide.

[reaction: see text] The tungsten-catalyzed cycloisomerization of alkynyl alcohols can be conducted without using photochemistry, using a stable tungsten Fischer carbene as the precatalyst for this transformation. A variety of alkynyl alcohols undergo cycloisomerization under these conditions to provide endocyclic enol ethers of five-, six-, and seven-membered ring sizes. The utility of this method is further demonstrated in the stereoselective synthesis of the disaccharide substructure of altromycin B.

Synthesis of the branched C-glycoside substructure of altromycin B.

Tungsten-catalyzed cycloisomerization of alkynyl alcohols including 8 provides only the endocyclic enol ether (11) as a key intermediate for the branched C-glycoside substructure (2) of altromycin B. A sequence of Stille cross-coupling reaction and regio- and stereoselective functional group transformations affords each C13-diastereomer of the branched C-arylglycoside (2a and 2b). [reaction: see text]

Comparative analysis of the tear protein expression in blepharitis patients using two-dimensional electrophoresis.

Change in the expression of body fluid proteins is caused by many diseases or environmental disturbances. The changes in tear proteins are also associated with various pathological eye conditions. Especially, chronic blepharitis is one of the most common conditions seen in the ophthalmologist's office.

Der f 2 activates phospholipase D in human T lymphocytes from Dermatophagoides farinae specific allergic individuals: involvement of protein kinase C-alpha.

The major house-dust mite allergen, Der f 2, stimulates the phospholipase D (PLD) in T lymphocytes from Dermatophagoides farinae specific allergic individuals. PLD activity increased more than two-fold in T cells from allergic patients compared with those cells from normal controls with maximal responses within 30 min after exposure of Der f 2. A well-known PLD activator PKC-alpha was found to be translocated to membrane from cytosol in Der f 2-treated T cells from Dermatophagoides farinae specific allergic individuals.