Impact of pulmonary hypertension on short and long-term outcome after mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: A meta-analysis.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (pHTN) has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality after mitral Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair (TEER), but the association remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the impact of pHTN on cardiovascular outcomes following TEER.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Medline to identify studies reporting outcomes after TEER in individuals with pHTN.

Comparison of Bending Properties in Paired Human Ribs with and without Costal Cartilage.

Thoracic injuries, most frequently rib fractures, commonly occur in motor vehicle crashes. With an increased reliance on human body models (HBMs) for injury prediction in various crash scenarios, all thoracic tissues and structures require more comprehensive evaluation for improvement of HBMs. The objective of this study was to quantify the contribution of costal cartilage to whole rib bending properties in physical experiments.

[Injuries to the thoracic and lumbar spine in children under 16 years of age-Reality of care in German-speaking countries: a registry study].

Background: Spinal injuries in childhood are rare. There are few meaningful data for German-speaking countries.

Questions/aim Of The Study: Evaluation of the registry data of the German Spine Society (DWG) with respect to the reality of care for thoracolumbar injuries in childhood.

Protocol for a prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional cohort study to assess personal light exposure.

Light profoundly impacts many aspects of human physiology and behaviour, including the synchronization of the circadian clock, the production of melatonin, and cognition. These effects of light, termed the non-visual effects of light, have been primarily investigated in laboratory settings, where light intensity, spectrum and timing can be carefully controlled to draw associations with physiological outcomes of interest. Recently, the increasing availability of wearable light loggers has opened the possibility of studying personal light exposure in free-living conditions where people engage in activities of daily living, yielding findings associating aspects of light exposure and health outcomes, supporting the importance of adequate light exposure at appropriate times for human health.

Thoracic Responses and Injuries of Male Post-Mortem Human Subjects in a Homogeneous Rear-Facing Seat During High-Speed Frontal Impact.

In recent post-mortem human subjects (PMHS) studies in a high-speed rear-facing frontal impact (HSRFFI), the PMHS sustained multiple rib fractures. The seatback structure and properties of the seats might contribute to these fractures. This study aimed to determine if a homogeneous rear-facing seat with foam-covered seatback would mitigate the risk of thoracic injury during an HSRFFI.

[Guideline-recommended standardized instruments in multiple sclerosis : A comparative content analysis based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)].

Background: Guidelines serve as practice-based decision support and recommend the use of standardized instruments to measure functional capacity in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the extent to which a person's functioning is captured by these instruments is unclear.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to link the content of the MS disease guideline with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) in order to capture the distribution of the content on the functional domains and contextual factors and to uncover existing gaps.

A comprehensive review of 5G NR RF-EMF exposure assessment technologies: fundamentals, advancements, challenges, niches, and implications.

This review offers a detailed examination of the current landscape of radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic field (EMF) assessment tools, ranging from spectrum analyzers and broadband field meters to area monitors and custom-built devices. The discussion encompasses both standardized and non-standardized measurement protocols, shedding light on the various methods employed in this domain. Furthermore, the review highlights the prevalent use of mobile apps for characterizing 5G NR radio network data.

Comparison of Adult Female and Male PMHS Pelvis and Lumbar Response to Underbody Blast.

The goal of this study was to gather and compare kinematic response and injury data on both female and male whole-body Post-mortem Human Surrogates (PMHS) responses to Underbody Blast (UBB) loading. Midsized males (50th percentile, MM) have historically been most used in biomechanical testing and were the focus of the Warrior Injury Assessment Manikin (WIAMan) program, thus this population subgroup was selected to be the baseline for female comparison. Both small female (5th percentile, SF) and large female (75th percentile, LF) PMHS were included in the test series to attempt to discern whether differences between male and female responses were predominantly driven by sex or size.

Explaining and predicting the increased thorax injury in aged females: age and subject-specific thorax geometry coupled with improved bone constitutive models and age-specific material properties evaluated in side impact conditions.

Predicting and understanding thorax injury is fundamental for the assessment and development of safety systems to mitigate injury risk to the increasing and vulnerable aged population. While computational human models have contributed to the understanding of injury biomechanics, contemporary human body models have struggled to predict rib fractures and explain the increased incidence of injury in the aged population. The present study enhanced young and aged human body models (HBMs) by integrating a biofidelic cortical bone constitutive model and population-based bone material properties.

Excitatory stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex reduces cognitive gambling biases via improved feedback learning.

Humans are subject to a variety of cognitive biases, such as the framing-effect or the gambler's fallacy, that lead to decisions unfitting of a purely rational agent. Previous studies have shown that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) plays a key role in making rational decisions and that stronger vmPFC activity is associated with attenuated cognitive biases. Accordingly, dysfunctions of the vmPFC are associated with impulsive decisions and pathological gambling.

Higher-order comparative reward processing is affected by noninvasive stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex.

A crucial skill, especially in rapidly changing environments, is to be able to learn efficiently from prior rewards or losses and apply this acquired knowledge in upcoming situations. Often, we must weigh the risks of different options and decide whether an option is worth the risk or whether we should choose a safer option. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is suggested as a major hub for basic but also higher-order reward processing.

Comparison of child and ATD belt fit and posture on belt-positioning boosters during self-selected, holding device, and nominal conditions.

Objective: Pediatric anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) are important tools for the assessment of child occupant protection and should represent realistic child belt fit and posture on belt-positioning boosters. Previous comparisons have been made to children in either self-selected or nominal postural conditions. This study compares belt fit and postural measurements between pediatric ATDs and a single cohort of children assuming different postures on boosters: self-selected, holding a portable electronic device, and nominal.

Biofidelity assessment of the GHBMC M50-O in a rear-facing seat configuration during high-speed frontal impact.

The objective of this study was to assess the biofidelity of the Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC) 50 male (M50-O) v6.0 seated in an upright (25-degree recline) all-belts-to-seat (ABTS) in a 56 km/h rear-facing frontal impact. The experimental boundary conditions from the post-mortem human subjects (PMHS) tests were replicated in the computational finite element (FE) environment.

Non-invasive stimulation reveals ventromedial prefrontal cortex function in reward prediction and reward processing.

Introduction: Studies suggest an involvement of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in reward prediction and processing, with reward-based learning relying on neural activity in response to unpredicted rewards or non-rewards (reward prediction error, RPE). Here, we investigated the causal role of the vmPFC in reward prediction, processing, and RPE signaling by transiently modulating vmPFC excitability using transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS).

Methods: Participants received excitatory or inhibitory tDCS of the vmPFC before completing a gambling task, in which cues signaled varying reward probabilities and symbols provided feedback on monetary gain or loss.

Enhancing precision in human neuroscience.

Human neuroscience has always been pushing the boundary of what is measurable. During the last decade, concerns about statistical power and replicability - in science in general, but also specifically in human neuroscience - have fueled an extensive debate. One important insight from this discourse is the need for larger samples, which naturally increases statistical power.

NextGEM: Next-Generation Integrated Sensing and Analytical System for Monitoring and Assessing Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure and Health.

The evolution of emerging technologies that use Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Field (RF-EMF) has increased the interest of the scientific community and society regarding the possible adverse effects on human health and the environment. This article provides NextGEM's vision to assure safety for EU citizens when employing existing and future EMF-based telecommunication technologies. This is accomplished by generating relevant knowledge that ascertains appropriate prevention and control/actuation actions regarding RF-EMF exposure in residential, public, and occupational settings.

Analysis of injury mechanism and thoracic response of elderly, small female PMHS in near-side impact scenarios.

Objective: In 2020, 17% of all crash fatalities were individuals aged 65 years or older. Crash data also revealed that for older occupants, thoracic related injuries are among the leading causes of fatality. Historically, the majority of near-side impact postmortem human subjects (PMHS) studies used a generic load wall to capture external loads that were applied to PMHS.

Comparison of Low-Cost 5G Electromagnetic Field Sensors.

This paper compares different low-cost sensors that can measure (5G) RF-EMF exposure. The sensors are either commercially available (off-the-shelf Software Defined Radio (SDR) Adalm Pluto) or constructed by a research institution (i.e.

Comparison of small female PMHS thoracic responses to scaled response corridors in a frontal hub impact.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to generate biomechanical response corridors of the small female thorax during a frontal hub impact and evaluate scaled corridors that have been used to assess biofidelity of small female anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) and human body models (HBMs).

Methods: Three small female postmortem human subjects (PMHS) were tested under identical conditions, in which the thorax was impacted using a 14.0 kg pneumatic impactor at an impact velocity of 4.

Biomechanical effects of a halo orthotic on a pediatric anthropomorphic test device in a simulated frontal motor vehicle collision.

Cervical spine injuries in children under 10 frequently involve the craniocervical junction. In patients too small for conventional spinal instrumentation, treatment may involve placement of a halo orthotic, and these patients will frequently be discharged home in a halo orthotic. To date, little research has been done on the biomechanics of motor vehicle collisions involving young children in halo orthotics.

Methodology to geometrically age human body models to average and subject-specific anthropometrics, demonstrated using a small stature female model assessed in a side impact.

The aged population has been associated with an increased risk of injury in car-crash, creating a critical need for improved assessment of safety systems. Finite element human body models (HBMs) have been proposed, but require representative geometry of the aged population and high mesh quality. A new hybrid Morphing-CAD methodology was applied to a 26-year-old (YO) 5 percentile female model to create average 75YO and subject-specific 86YO HBMs.

Particulate matter in the workplace: effects of a mental models-based folder combined with a practical assignment.

Background: With increasing knowledge on the adverse health effects of certain constituents of PM (particulate matter), such as silica, metals, insoluble ions, and black carbon, PM has been under the attention of work safety experts. Previously, we investigated the perceptions of blue-collar workers in highly exposed areas of work. Subsequently, we developed an instruction folder highlighting the most important aspects of PM risk and mitigation, and tested this folder in a digital experiment.

IN-SITU 5G NR BASE STATION EXPOSURE OF THE GENERAL PUBLIC: COMPARISON OF ASSESSMENT METHODS.

New measurement methods and equipment for correct 5G New Radio (NR) electromagnetic field (EMF) in-situ exposure assessment of instantaneous time-averaged exposure (Eavg) and maximum extrapolated field exposure (Emax) are proposed. The different options are investigated with in-situ measurements around 5G NR base stations (FR1) in different countries. The maximum electric field values satisfy the ICNIRP 2020 limit (maximum 7.