Microfluidic nanoparticle synthesis for oral solid dosage forms: A step toward clinical transition processes.

Nanomedicine provides various opportunities for addressing medical challenges associated with drug bioavailability, stability, and efficacy. In particular, oral nanoparticles (NPs) represent an alternative strategy to enhance the solubility and stability of active ingredients through the gastrointestinal tract. The nanocarriers could be used for both local and systemic targeting, enabling controlled release of encapsulated drugs.

Functioning of structurally diverse families living with adolescents and children with chronic disease: A metasynthesis.

Purpose: The diagnosis of children and adolescents with a chronic disease may affect the entire family system. When families have diverse structures, additional tensions can be present and affect the balance of family functioning. This metasynthesis aims to analyze and synthesize qualitative evidence on the functioning of structurally diverse families who live with adolescents and children with chronic disease.

School reintegration of children and adolescents with chronic illness from the mothers' perspective: A qualitative study.

Introduction: The diagnosis of chronic illness in childhood implies frequent hospitalizations and, consequently, the interruption of school attendance. This study aimed to understand the process of school reintegration of children and adolescents with chronic illness from the mothers' perspective.

Method: A qualitative descriptive-exploratory study was conducted with mothers who experienced the process of school reintegration of their child or adolescent, aged between 8 and 17 years old, and diagnosed with chronic illness.

In planta expression of a mature Der p 1 allergen isolated from an Italian strain of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus.

European (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) and American (Dermatophagoides farinae) house dust mite species are considered the most common causes of asthma and allergic symptoms worldwide. Der p 1 protein, one of the main allergens of D. pteronyssinus, is found in high concentration in mites faecal pellets, which can became easily airborne and, when inhaled, can cause perennial rhinitis and bronchial asthma.

Molecular cloning of the cDNA coding for Xenopus laevis prion protein.

Isolation and characterization of the cDNA coding for the 216-residue Xenopus laevis prion protein is reported. Existence of this protein in amphibians was suggested by an EST fragment (accession number BG813008), while a conclusive demonstration is presented here. This protein exhibits a higher identity level to avian and turtle prion (more than 44%) than to mammalian prion (about 28%).

Activation of the JAK/STAT pathway leads to proliferation of ST14A central nervous system progenitor cells.

We were interested in whether central nervous system progenitor cells possess the signal transduction machinery necessary to mediate cytokine functions and whether this machinery can become activated upon stable expression of a particular cytokine receptor. For this purpose we utilized a previously obtained conditionally immortalized striatum-derived nestin-positive cell line (ST14A). We found that ST14A cells express Jak2, but not Jak1 or Tyk2.

A comparison of highly unsaturated fatty acid levels in wild and farmed eels (Anguilla anguilla).

1. Absolute and relative amounts of eicosapentaneoic acid (EPA) and docohexaenoic acid (DHA) in muscle of eels from four different fish farms were compared with samples from wild eels from two different areas of northern Italy. 2.

Calcium induced potassium efflux in erythrocytes of marine teleosts.

The effect of the calcium-ionophore A23187+ Ca++ on the K+ transport in the intact erythrocytes of sea-water fishes was investigated. A23187+ Ca++ induced a significant increase in the cell-membrane permeability for potassium ion, while A23187+ Mg++ was ineffective. Addition of EGTA to the medium blocked the ionophore+ Ca++ effect.

Calcitonin, a major gill hormone.

Isolated salmon gills, under simulated in vivo conditions, transported calcium ion into the ambient seawater when perfused with Ringer's solution containing salmon calcitonin. Similar enhancement of phosphate efflux was observed. Calcitonin caused simultaneous decreases in perfusate flow rates.

Calcitonin: Its hormonal action on the gill.

When isolated salmon gills were perfused under simulated in vivo conditions, norepinephrine increased and calcitonin decreased the rate of flow of perfusate and the influx of calcium and phosphate through the gill. Only the increased water flow was mediated by beta-adrenergic receptors. Differences in sensitivity to both hormones were observed with gills from prespawning and postspawning salmon; gills from freshwater-adapted fish were less sensitive to norepinephrine and more sensitive to calcitonin, suggesting a decreased production of this hormone in the late stage of the life cycle.

The temperature dependence of the facilitated transport ofD(+)-glucose across the human red cell membrane.

The rate of exit ofD(+)-glucose from human red cells was measured as a function of the extracellular glucose concentration over the temperature range 12 to 47°C. The results were analyzed at each temperature, according to the kinetic model of Widdas and of Rosenberg and Wilbrandt, in terms of the apparent maximum exit rate (V max) and the apparent dissociation constant (K m ) of the carrier-glucose complex. When the values ofV max andK m were obtained by the same graphical method as that used by Sen and Widdas, the results were very similar to theirs insofar as the effect of temperature is concerned.