Resin infiltration of trauma-induced enamel cracks - a proof-of-concept.

Objectives: The aim of this in-vitro study was to investigate the masking efficacy of adhesively sealed enamel cracks with resin infiltration compared with the use of a universal adhesive.

Methods: Enamel cracks were induced on the labial surfaces of bovine teeth using a pendulum impact tester. Specimens were treated adhesively by resin infiltration with ICON (DMG) or Scotchbond Universal Plus (3M).

Cyanobacterial Cultures, Cell Extracts, and Individual Toxins Decrease Photosynthesis in the Terrestrial Plants and .

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) are increasing due to eutrophication and climate change, as is irrigation of crops with freshwater contaminated with cHAB toxins. A few studies, mostly in aquatic protists and plants, have investigated the effects of cHAB toxins or cell extracts on various aspects of photosynthesis, with variable effects reported (negative to neutral to positive). We examined the effects of cyanobacterial live cultures and cell extracts ( or ) and individual cHAB toxins (anatoxin-a, ANA; beta-methyl-amino-L-alanine, BMAA; lipopolysaccharide, LPS; microcystin-LR, MC-LR) on photosynthesis in intact plants and leaf pieces in corn () and lettuce ().

Chemical quantification of N-acyl alanine methyl ester (NAME) production and impact on temporal gene expression patterns in Roseovarius tolerans EL-164.

Background: Previous studies have identified structurally diverse N-acyl amino acid methyl esters (NAMEs) in culture extracts of Roseovarius tolerans EL-164 (Roseobacteraceae). NAMEs are structural analogues of the common signaling compounds N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs), but do not participate in AHL-mediated signaling. NAMEs show minor antialgal and antimicrobial activity, but whether this activity serves as the primary ecological role remains unclear.

Biotechnological and pharmaceutical potential of twenty-eight novel type strains of from different environments worldwide.

Actinomycetes are a prolific source of bioactive natural compounds many of which are used as antibiotics or other drugs. In this study we investigated the genomic and biochemical diversity of 32 actinobacterial strains that had been deposited at the DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures decades ago. Genome-based phylogeny and DNA-DNA hybridization supported the assignment of these strains to 26 novel species and two novel subspecies and a reclassification of a species.

Transient Expression of Silicon-Induced Histidine-Rich Defensins in Limits Necrotic Lesion Development Caused by Phytopathogenic Fungi.

Silicon (Si) supplementation permits plants to better deter infection. Supplementing hydroponically-propagated with 1 mM potassium silicate (KSiO) reduced necrotic lesion development on detached leaves by both and . Previously, a family of Si-induced genes was identified in .

Statistical analysis of feature-based molecular networking results from non-targeted metabolomics data.

Feature-based molecular networking (FBMN) is a popular analysis approach for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based non-targeted metabolomics data. While processing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry data through FBMN is fairly streamlined, downstream data handling and statistical interrogation are often a key bottleneck. Especially users new to statistical analysis struggle to effectively handle and analyze complex data matrices.

Ethical, Legal, and Practical Concerns Surrounding the Implemention of New Forms of Consent for Health Data Research: Qualitative Interview Study.

Background: In Europe, within the scope of the General Data Protection Regulation, more and more digital infrastructures are created to allow for large-scale access to patients' health data and their use for research. When the research is performed on the basis of patient consent, traditional study-specific consent appears too cumbersome for many researchers. Alternative models of consent are currently being discussed and introduced in different contexts.

Developing the Benchmark: Establishing a Gold Standard for the Evaluation of AI Caries Diagnostics.

: The aim of this study was to establish a histology-based gold standard for the evaluation of artificial intelligence (AI)-based caries detection systems on proximal surfaces in bitewing images. : Extracted human teeth were used to simulate intraoral situations, including caries-free teeth, teeth with artificially created defects and teeth with natural proximal caries. All 153 simulations were radiographed from seven angles, resulting in 1071 in vitro bitewing images.

Online Adaptive MR-Guided Ultrahypofractionated Radiotherapy of Prostate Cancer on a 1.5 T MR-Linac: Clinical Experience and Prospective Evaluation.

The use of hypofractionated radiotherapy in prostate cancer has been increasingly evaluated, whereas accumulated evidence demonstrates comparable oncologic outcomes and toxicity rates compared to normofractionated radiotherapy. In this prospective study, we evaluate all patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer treated with ultrahypofractionated (UHF) MRI-guided radiotherapy on a 1.5 T MR-Linac within our department and report on workflow and feasibility, as well as physician-recorded and patient-reported longitudinal toxicity.

Comparison of the accuracy of different types of bite recordings - an in vitro study.

Objectives: Reconstruction of a three-dimensional jaw position determined by a bite recording is an important aspect of prosthetic therapy. Different materials are used for this purpose. In the dental technical workflow, recordings are used to mount a lower jaw cast in a patient-like spatial position relative to the upper jaw cast.

C MRI of hyperpolarized pyruvate at 120 µT.

Nuclear spin hyperpolarization increases the sensitivity of magnetic resonance dramatically, enabling many new applications, including real-time metabolic imaging. Parahydrogen-based signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) was employed to hyperpolarize [1-C]pyruvate and demonstrate C imaging in situ at 120 µT, about twice Earth's magnetic field, with two different signal amplification by reversible exchange variants: SABRE in shield enables alignment transfer to heteronuclei (SABRE-SHEATH), where hyperpolarization is transferred from parahydrogen to [1-C]pyruvate at a magnetic field below 1 µT, and low-irradiation generates high tesla (LIGHT-SABRE), where hyperpolarization was prepared at 120 µT, avoiding magnetic field cycling. The 3-dimensional images of a phantom were obtained using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) based magnetic field detector with submillimeter resolution.

Species Survey of Leaf Hyponasty Responses to Warming Plus Elevated CO.

Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) concentrations are increasing and may exceed 800 ppm by 2100. This is increasing global mean temperatures and the frequency and severity of heatwaves. Recently, we showed for the first time that the combination of short-term warming and elevated carbon dioxide (eCO) caused extreme upward bending (i.

Testosterone affects type I/type II interferon response of neutrophils during hepatic amebiasis.

Differences in immune response between men and women may influence the outcome of infectious diseases. Intestinal infection with Entamoeba histolytica leads to hepatic amebiasis, which is more common in males. Previously, we reported that innate immune cells contribute to liver damage in males in the murine model for hepatic amebiasis.

Assessment of the quality of different commercial providers using artificial intelligence for automated cephalometric analysis compared to human orthodontic experts.

Purpose: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the accuracy of various skeletal and dental cephalometric parameters as produced by different commercial providers that make use of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted automated cephalometric analysis and to compare their quality to a gold standard established by orthodontic experts.

Methods: Twelve experienced orthodontic examiners pinpointed 15 radiographic landmarks on a total of 50 cephalometric X‑rays. The landmarks were used to generate 9 parameters for orthodontic treatment planning.