Internet use and health literacy among pediatric chronic kidney disease patients and their caregivers.

Background: Management of pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) is complex for affected youth and their families. Treatment requires a high level of family engagement to successfully manage medical appointments, inpatient hospital stays, and daily medication regimens. Health literacy has been identified as a possible contributor to health inequities and unsuccessful chronic disease management.

Automated virtual reality cognitive therapy versus virtual reality mental relaxation therapy for the treatment of persistent persecutory delusions in patients with psychosis (THRIVE): a parallel-group, single-blind, randomised controlled trial in England with mediation analyses.

Background: Persecutory delusions are a major psychiatric problem that often do not respond sufficiently to standard pharmacological or psychological treatments. We developed a new brief automated virtual reality (VR) cognitive treatment that has the potential to be used easily in clinical services. We aimed to compare VR cognitive therapy with an alternative VR therapy (mental relaxation), with an emphasis on understanding potential mechanisms of action.

Early Childhood Administrator Perspectives About Preschool Inclusion: A Qualitative Interview Study.

Unlabelled: This qualitative phenomenological study utilized structured interviews with 23 preschool administrators to explore their beliefs about preschool inclusion and needed resources for providing high-quality preschool inclusion. Themes emerged regarding administrators' beliefs about inclusion, including divergent understandings of inclusion as something that is either for all or for some children. Administrators placed a high value on families' preferences regarding preschool inclusion and at times focused their descriptions of inclusion on logistical aspects of placements and funding.

Intercalation-free, fast switching of mesoporous antimony doped tin oxide with cathodically coloring electrochromic dyes.

Mesoporous nanoparticle layers of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) with anchored organic dyes are of great interest for electrochromic applications. Herein, we prepared mesoporous layers of antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) consisting of only 5 nm large particles with a low Sb concentration (2% antimony). The particles were prepared a modified synthesis procedure based on hexahydroxostannate and pure Sb(v) hexahydroxoantimonate(v).

Listening to and Believing Derogatory and Threatening Voices.

Background And Hypothesis: A plausible cause of distress for voice hearers is listening to and believing the threats and criticisms heard. Qualitative research indicates that patients have understandable reasons to listen. This study aimed to develop the understanding of distress using this listening and believing framework.

Body image concerns in patients with persecutory delusions.

Background: Persecutory fears build on feelings of vulnerability that arise from negative views of the self. Body image concerns have the potential to be a powerful driver of feelings of vulnerability. Body image concerns are likely raised in patients with psychosis given the frequent weight gain.

Anticipatory pleasure in current psychosis: Cognitive and emotional correlates.

Anticipation of pleasure - a key aspect of hedonic experience - is a motivating factor for engaging in activities. Low levels of anticipatory pleasure and activity are found in individuals with psychosis. Cognitive factors (e.

Coronavirus conspiracy beliefs, mistrust, and compliance with government guidelines in England.

Background: An invisible threat has visibly altered the world. Governments and key institutions have had to implement decisive responses to the danger posed by the coronavirus pandemic. Imposed change will increase the likelihood that alternative explanations take hold.

The comments of voices on the appearance of patients with psychosis: 'the voices tell me that I am ugly'.

Background: There are high rates of obesity and low self-esteem in patients with psychosis. The occurrence of negative voice content directly about appearance is therefore plausible. Derogatory comments about appearance are likely to be distressing, increase depression and contribute to social withdrawal.

The weeks before 100 persecutory delusions: the presence of many potential contributory causal factors.

Background: The period before the formation of a persecutory delusion may provide causal insights. Patient accounts are invaluable in informing this understanding.

Aims: To inform the understanding of delusion formation, we asked patients about the occurrence of potential causal factors - identified from a cognitive model - before delusion onset.

Tropisms in Phycomyces: sine law for gravitropism, exponential law for photogravitropic equilibrium.

Sporangiophores of Phycomyces blakesleeanus that are gravitropically stimulated by inclining them relative to the earth's gravitational vector obey the sine law for inclination angles between 0 degrees and 150 degrees. The quantitative relation between gravitropism and phototropism was analyzed for sporangiophores that were kept in balance between opposing gravitational and phototropic stimuli. The gravitropism of inclined sporangiophores was compensated with unilateral light impinging at right angles relative to the axis of the sporangiophore.

The use of fibrin glue in the healing of skin flaps.

Purpose: To determine whether the use of fibrin glue has an impact on wound drainage created in an animal model.

Materials And Methods: Fibrin glue was prepared from single-donation autologous phlebotomy before surgery. Bilateral skin flaps were raised over the parotid gland in 10 rabbits.

Adenomatous lesions of the temporal bone immunohistochemical analysis and theories of histogenesis.

Adenomatous lesions of the temporal bone represent a diverse group of neoplasms. At least three histopathologic patterns have been described: glandular; ribbon-like, or "festooning;" and aggressive papillary. Combinations of glandular and ribbon-like histologies in the same lesion are not uncommon.

The AO system for primary mandibular reconstruction.

We reviewed the records of 27 patients who underwent primary mandibular reconstruction with AO plates to investigate the outcome and complications of this procedure. Immediate soft-tissue flap coverage was required in 26 patients. Early complications were seen in 44% of the patients, with the highest incidence after irradiation (P = 0.

Artificial reflex arc: a potential solution for chronic aspiration. III: Stimulation of implanted cervical skin as a functional graft triggering glottic closure in the canine.

Stroke often impairs the ability of the vocal cords to close during deglutition, resulting in aspiration. The current study is a further advance on the application of the concept of an artificial reflex arc during swallowing. The second and third cervical branches were bilaterally isolated in four dogs and baseline sensory nerve traffic was detected via tripolar perineural electrodes.

Intraoral-extramaxillary sinus approach for ligation of the maxillary artery: an anatomic study with clinical correlates.

Surgical control of severe epistaxis is usually reserved for cases refractory to more conservative techniques. We present our experience with intraoral ligation of the maxillary artery as it courses through the buccal fat pad before it enters the pterygopalatine fossa and branches posterior to the maxilla. This technique has been found useful in the control of nasal hemorrhage as well as an adjunct to other surgical procedures, such as removal of benign and malignant neoplasms involving the maxilla and paranasal sinuses.

The organization of the rat motor cortex: a microstimulation mapping study.

In conclusion, the rat primary motor cortex appears to be organized into irregularly shaped patches of cortex devoted to particular movements. The location of major subdivisions such as the forelimb or hindlimb areas is somatotopic and is consistent from animal to animal, but the internal organization of the pattern of movements represented within major subdivisions varies significantly between animals. The motor cortex includes both agranular primary motor cortex (AgL) and, in addition, a significant amount of the bordering granular somatic sensory cortex (Gr(SI)), as well as the rostral portion of the taste sensory insular or claustrocortex (Cl).

Transplantation of fetal cortex to the brain of newborn rats: a retrograde fluorescent analysis of callosal and thalamic projections from transplant to host.

Fetal cerebral cortical tissue was transplanted into the cerebral hemisphere of 0-1-day-old rats. In some cases, the transplants were placed into or adjacent to cortical lesion cavities made immediately prior to transplantation. Injections at maturity of fast blue and diamidino yellow into the host contralateral cortex and ipsilateral thalamus demonstrated the presence of callosal and thalamic projections from transplant to host.

Cytoarchitecture of the dorsal thalamus of the rat.

Although several neuroanatomical studies have previously described various subdivisions of the rat thalamus, no comprehensive description of the entire thalamus accompanied by photomicrographs has been available. To provide such a description, the cytoarchitecture of the normal rat thalamus was studied in the coronal plane using a series of celloidin embedded, Nissl-stained 33 micrometers sections spaced 400 micrometers apart. Using the criteria of cell packing density, relative cell size, and the presence or absence of fibers, the thalamus can be subdivided into a ventral nuclear complex which includes the ventrolateral, ventromedial, and ventrobasal nuclei; the intralaminar nuclei which include central medial, central lateral, paracentral and parafascicular nuclei; the midline nuclei which include the medioventral, paratenial, rhomboid, paraventricular, and submedial nuclei; the anterior nuclear group which include the anterodorsal, anteroventral, and anteromedial nuclei; the mediodorsal nucleus; the lateral nuclear complex including both lateral posterior and lateral dorsal; the posterior nuclear complex; the reticular nucleus; and the diencephalic-mesencephalic junction.