Effects of mitochondrial inhibitors on intraerythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum in in vitro cultures.

Malarial parasites infecting mammalian hosts are considered to be homolactate fermentors at their asexual intraerythrocytic developmental stage; however, existing ultrastructural and biochemical evidence suggest that their acristate mitochondria could be involved in energy metabolism. In the present study, inhibitors of mitochondrial function including compounds which act on NADH and succinate dehydrogenases, electron transport and mitochondrial ATPase, as well as uncouplers, were found to inhibit the growth and propagation of the human parasite Plasmodium falciparum in in vitro cultures at concentrations that specifically affect mitochondrial functions. Direct measurement of parasite protein and nucleic acid synthesis in synchronized cultures showed that throughout the parasite life cycle both processes were inhibited, the latter process being more sensitive.

Chronic jejunostomy feeding with a non-elemental formula in undernourished patients with cystic fibrosis.

Ten patients with cystic fibrosis, moderate to severe lung disease (forced expiratory flow % predicted 26.0, 15.7 [SD]), and undernutrition resistant to oral supplementation have been treated for 10 to 36 months with night-time feeds of a non-elemental formula given via a jejunostomy.

Highlighting specific patient education needs in an aging cardiac population.

Given the utility of a multifactoral approach to cardiac rehabilitation and the importance of tailoring such an approach to the needs of the specific cardiac population being treated, early assessment of targeted risk factors and health-related practices is becoming increasingly indicated. The present article describes how, by using a paper-and-pencil multiple-risk-factor assessment instrument referred to as the Heart Health Assessment Questionnaire, the specific educational needs of an aging veteran population were more clearly identified. Among the health areas found in need of particular attention were patient smoking behavior, medication education, and reported tension and worry over health problems.

Cytogenetic analysis of 34 early stage bovine embryos from superovulated Hereford donors.

One hundred and thirty-four bovine embryos were collected from 17 superovulated Hereford cows and processed for metaphase chromosome spreads. Mitotic figures were obtained from 54 embryos (40%), but only 34 embryos (25%) provided analyzable chromosomes spreads. Thirty embryos were 2n = 60, one was a possible 2n/4n mosaic and three were hypodiploid.

Occurrence of haploid and haploid/diploid mosaic embryos in untreated and androstenedione-immune Australian Merino sheep.

Chromosome counts were obtained from 73 out of 177 (41%) early cleavage-stage Merino embryos. A further 13 embryos were classified as probably diploid. Chromosome aberrations were found in 8 (11%) embryos, one of which was aneuploid and the remainder (9.

Reduced superovulatory response in the ewe following repeated gonadotrophin treatment.

Thirty-nine pure bred Texel ewes were superovulated with horse anterior pituitary extract (HAP) and 24 of these ewes were treated for superovulation a second time 55 to 76 days after the first treatment. A 12 day SC-9880 sponge was used to synchronise oestrus in the ewes and all were superovulated with 200 mg HAP (4 days X 50 mg HAP). Surgical insemination and cervical insemination were employed to breed the ewes following the first and second superovulation treatments, respectively.

Complications of quinine poisoning.

Of 165 patients admitted to hospital with acute quinine poisoning 70 (42%) had visual symptoms. 19 were left with a permanent visual deficit, though none was left completely blind. 5 patients died.

Concentrations of luteinising hormone and progesterone in pregnant and non-pregnant heifers.

An experiment was conducted to determine if concentrations of luteinising hormone or progesterone were different in pregnant or non-pregnant heifers for seven days before and 20 days after a successful or non-successful insemination. Heifers with an oestrous cycle length of 18 to 24 days only were used and they were bled at 08.00, 16.

Ovarian response to PMSG treatment in ewes immunized against oestradiol-17 beta.

The effects of active immunization against oestradiol-17 beta on the ovarian response to pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) was investigated in Merino ewes. Immunized (79) and control (41) ewes were synchronized with intravaginal sponges, given either 750 or 1500 i.u.

Mg2+ adenosine triphosphatase from cell envelopes of free-living and bacteroid forms of Rhizobium lupini strain NZP2257.

A procedure for the purification of Mg2+ adenosine triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.

Micromanipulation of sheep morulae to produce monozygotic twins.

Donor ewes were treated with an intravaginal sponge containing 30 mg fluorogestone acetate (FGA) which was removed 12 days later. On the mornings of days 10, 11, and 12, each animal received 30 mg horse anterior pituitary (HAP) extract. Donors were mated twice daily during oestrus.

Comparison of immunity to malaria in Sudan and Indonesia: crisis-form versus merozoite-invasion inhibition.

Immunity to falciparum malaria was compared in two populations from malarious areas of southern Sudan and Flores, Indonesia. In Sudan, splenomegaly in adults was rare and anti-plasmodium indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) titers were low to moderate, 1:1,280 being the modal titer. Sudanese serum was profoundly inhibitory to cultured Plasmodium falciparum, reducing incorporation of radiolabeled hypoxanthine by 63-93% and severely retarding intraerythrocytic parasite development, resulting in moribund crisis-form parasites and virtually no healthy schizonts.

Uricase from soybean root nodules: purification, properties, and comparison with the enzyme from cowpea.

A 45-fold purification of uricase (urate:O2 oxidoreductase, EC 1.7.3.

Association between human serum-induced crisis forms in cultured Plasmodium falciparum and clinical immunity to malaria in Sudan.

Clinical histories with regard to falciparum malaria were collected from adults living in holo-, hyper-, and hypoendemic areas of Sudan and matched to serum samples which were assayed for antiparasitic activity in cultures of Plasmodium falciparum. The adult population of the endemic areas could be divided into three groups based on oral histories: those who never experience falciparum malaria; those with a childhood history of malaria, who experience only mild occasional malaria as adults; and those who suffer serious recurring malaria symptoms. In vitro parasite inhibition was greatest with sera from individuals with no clinical histories of malaria, and generally, more inhibition was noted in sera from holoendemic versus hyperendemic areas.