Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction Complicated With Acute Mitral Regurgitation Requiring Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair.

Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a life-threatening condition often associated with significant cardiac complications, particularly in the presence of underlying multivessel coronary artery disease. Mechanical complications, such as acute mitral regurgitation (MR), can worsen the clinical course, leading to rapid hemodynamic deterioration. Recent advancements in mechanical circulatory support and percutaneous interventions have introduced new therapeutic options, offering viable alternatives to traditional surgery for high-risk patients.

ONT sequencing identifies a high prevalence of sensitive, triple mutant and single mutant parasites within an ANC population in Nigeria.

Background: Malaria in pregnancy is a major public health issue, particularly among vulnerable populations in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan African countries. To mitigate its risks, WHO recommends sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for chemoprevention and artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) to treat uncomplicated malaria. These interventions have helped to alleviate the risk associated with malaria in pregnancy; however, in the context of the emergence of SP- and ACT-resistant , maintained efficacy is under threat.

Analyzing HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis and Viral Suppression Disparities: Insights From America's HIV Epidemic Analysis Dashboard (AHEAD) National Database.

Despite advancements in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment and prevention, disparities in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake and viral suppression persist across different demographics. This study analyzes data from America's HIV Epidemic Analysis Dashboard (AHEAD) National Database to identify and understand these disparities based on age, gender, and race/ethnicity. In this study, we utilized the AHEAD National Database, which tracks HIV indicators across various demographics, including age, gender, and race/ethnicity.

Late presentation of chronic myeloid leukaemia patients in a low-income country: the prognostic implications and impact on treatment outcome.

Background: In Nigeria, since 2002, Imatinib mesylate (glivec) has been available freely to chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients but only at a tertiary health care centre in the southwestern part of the country. Despite this, it is not readily accessible to many patients due to the distance and other challenges including low socioeconomic status and political problems, preventing timely access to specialist care. This study evaluated the effect of the baseline characteristics on the prognostic implication and treatment outcome of CML patients in Nigeria.

A landscape evaluation of caffeine citrate availability and use in newborn care across five low- and middle-income countries.

Apnoea of prematurity (AOP) is a common complication among preterm infants (< 37 weeks gestation), globally. However, access to caffeine citrate (CC) that is a proven safe and effective treatment in high-income countries is largely unavailable in low- and-middle income countries, where most preterm infants are born. Therefore, the overall aim of this study was to describe the demand, policies, and supply factors affecting the availability and clinical use of CC in LMICs.

Exploring the nuclear proteins, viral capsid protein, and early antigen protein using immunoinformatic and molecular modeling approaches to design a vaccine candidate against Epstein Barr virus.

The available Epstein Barr virus vaccine has tirelessly harnessed the gp350 glycoprotein as its target epitope, but the result has not been preventive. Right here, we designed a global multi-epitope vaccine for EBV; with special attention to making sure all strains and preventive antigens are covered. Using a robust computational vaccine design approach, our proposed vaccine is armed with 6-16 mers linear B-cell epitopes, 4-9 mer CTL epitopes, and 8-15 mer HTL epitopes which are verified to induce interleukin 4, 10 & IFN-gamma.

The life-saving benefit of dexamethasone in severe COVID-19 is linked to a reversal of monocyte dysregulation.

Dexamethasone is a life-saving treatment for severe COVID-19, yet its mechanism of action is unknown, and many patients deteriorate or die despite timely treatment initiation. Here, we identify dexamethasone treatment-induced cellular and molecular changes associated with improved survival in COVID-19 patients. We observed a reversal of transcriptional hallmark signatures in monocytes associated with severe COVID-19 and the induction of a monocyte substate characterized by the expression of glucocorticoid-response genes.

A Review of Post Neonatal Paediatric Admission Pattern and Outcome in a Public Tertiary Health Facility in Nigeria.

Background: Admissions over the years have been largely due to preventable aetiologies and the possible outcomes are discharge, death, referral or discharge against medical advice. This study aimed to understand the patterns of postneonatal paediatric admissions and outcomes from a public tertiary health facility in South-West Nigeria.

Methodology: A descriptive retrospective study of paediatric admissions over a 2-year period.

Pharmacogenetics of Efavirenz Exposure in Cervicovaginal Fluid during Pregnancy and Postpartum.

In this study, we investigated the combined influence of pregnancy and genetic polymorphisms on efavirenz pharmacokinetics in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) of women receiving antiretroviral therapy. Women receiving efavirenz-containing antiretroviral therapy were recruited from two hospitals in Nigeria during 2017-2020. Sparse CVF and plasma samples were obtained during pregnancy to assess the possible association between drug concentration and CYP2B6 polymorphisms (stage I).

Hitting Epstein Barr virus where it hurts: computational methods exploration for siRNA therapy in alleviating Epstein Barr virus-induced multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS), an intricate neurological disorder, continues to challenge our understanding of the pivotal interplay between the immune system and the central nervous system (CNS). This condition arises from the immune system's misdirected attack on nerve fiber protection, known as myelin sheath, alongside nerve fibers themselves. This enigmatic condition, characterized by demyelination and varied clinical manifestations, prompts exploration into its multifaceted etiology and potential therapeutic avenues.

A meta-analysis of left ventricular dysfunction in ankylosing spondylitis.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis affecting the spine, presenting a considerable morbidity risk. Although evidence consistently indicates an elevated risk of ischemic heart disease among AS patients, debates persist regarding the likelihood of these patients developing left ventricular dysfunction (LVD). Our investigation aimed to determine whether individuals with AS face a greater risk of LVD compared to the general population.

Emergent Management of Gastric Outlet Obstruction Post-Intragastric Balloon: A Case Report Highlighting the Importance of Preoperative Assessments and Postoperative Monitoring in Obesity Management.

BACKGROUND Obesity is a global epidemic often managed through surgical interventions, such as intragastric balloons. Despite the minimally invasive appeal of intragastric balloons, severe complications, such as gastric outlet obstruction, can occur with their use. The most recent guidelines recommend metabolic and bariatric surgery for specific body mass index categories but rarely discuss the potential complications and required postoperative monitoring.

Clinical Utility of Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein in the Management of Neonatal Sepsis in a Resource-Limited Nigerian Hospital.

Background: Neonatal sepsis is an invasive infection of the bloodstream in neonates and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among them.

Aim: To investigate the role of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the management of neonatal sepsis.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective case-control study over one-year period using convenience sampling.

Predicting kinase inhibitors from antimalarial medicinal herbs using computational modeling approach.

Unlabelled: Malaria remains a significant public health challenge, with resistance to available drugs necessitating the development of novel therapies targeting invasion-dependent proteins. Plasmodium falciparum calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 (PfCDPK-1) is essential for host erythrocyte invasion and parasite asexual development. This study screened a library of 490 compounds using computational methods to identify potential PfCDPK-1 inhibitors.

Relationship between Serum Uric Acid and Hypertension among Secondary School Adolescents in Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Background: With the seemingly increasing trend of childhood hypertension, high serum uric acid (SUA) levels might be an indicator of essential hypertension among adolescents.

Objective: To determine the SUA levels of hypertensive students and randomly selected controls and find the association, if any, between SUA level and blood pressure (BP) among secondary school students in Ido-Osi Local Government Area (LGA).

Methodology: The study was a nested case-control study conducted among selected secondary school students in IdoOsi LGA from June 2017 to March 2018.

Human milk banking acceptability among pregnant and nursing mothers in Southwest Nigeria.

Background: Human milk bank is a sustainable source of donor human milk (DHM) which is an acceptable alternative to the mother's milk and it is not routinely available in Nigeria, a multi-ethnically diverse country.The study aimed to assess the willingness to donate or accept human milk among pregnant women and mothers attending the antenatal, immunization, outpatient, under-five, and neonatal follow-up clinics in selected health facilities in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.

Study Design And Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional, mixed methods study design was used to collect data in selected health facilities in Ekiti State.

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: An Umbrella Review.

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a medical emergency that encompasses an array of signs and symptoms due to obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava (SVC). It poses a significant healthcare burden due to its associated morbidity and mortality. Its impact on the healthcare system continues to grow due to the increasing incidence of the condition.

Navigating the Esophageal Enigma: A Vascular Odyssey of Dysphagia.

We report a 58-year-old female with severe throat pain, difficulty swallowing, choking on solid meals, coughing, and hoarseness. CT angiography of the chest revealed vascular compression of the esophagus by an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA). The patient underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and revascularization to address the ARSA.

Evaluation of Primary School Health Environment in Ido/Osi Local Government Area, Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Background: School environment entails the sum total of the physical, biological, social, and emotional environment within which members of the school community operate. It is essential to make the school environment healthy to promote and protect the health of school pupils as well as their safety. This study aimed at finding the level of implementation of a Healthy School Environment (HSE) in Ido/Osi Local Government Area (LGA) of Ekiti State.

A snapshot of the prevalence of dihydropteroate synthase-431V mutation and other sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance markers in Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Nigeria.

Background: Malaria is a major public health issue with substantial risks among vulnerable populations. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends SP-IPTp in the second and third trimesters. However, the efficacy of SP-IPTp is threatened by the emergence of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistant malaria parasites due to single nucleotide polymorphisms in the Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase genes.