Dynamics of Expression of Cytokine Genes and Macrophage Content in the Lungs and Kidneys after Subtotal Hepatectomy in Rats.

The role of the lungs and kidneys in liver regeneration after subtotal hepatectomy was studied on a rat model. It was found that production of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the lungs and kidneys and expression of cytokine genes Il1b, Il6, Il10, and tnfa significantly increased. Analysis of the dynamics of lung macrophage population showed that accumulation of HGF and the increase in the expression of cytokine genes in the lungs were accompanied by simultaneous increase in the number of CD68 cells, which attested to the leading role of macrophages in activation of HGF synthesis in the lungs.

Angiogenic Potential of Multipotent Stromal Cells from the Umbilical Cord: an In Vitro Study.

The mechanisms of proangiogenic activity of multipotent stromal cells from human umbilical cord were analyzed in vitro. The absence of secreted forms of proangiogenic growth factor VEGF-A in the culture medium conditioned by umbilical cord-derived multipotent stromal cells was shown by ELISA. However, the possibility of paracrine stimulation of cell proliferation, mobility, and directed migration of endothelial EA.

Effect of Endothelial Cells on Angiogenic Properties of Multipotent Stromal Cells from the Umbilical Cord during Angiogenesis Modeling in the Basement Membrane Matrix.

Short-term cell culturing on basement membrane matrix is a common and very convenient in vitro model of angiogenesis. We studied the possibility of interaction of multipotent stromal cells from the umbilical cord and Ea.hy926 endothelial cells on this model at the early and late periods of the experiment.

[EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OF STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE].

Despite numerous medical and surgical treatment strategies available, the problem of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women is still not completely resolved. Continuing research is underway to modify the sling operations and develop new bulk-enhancing agents, including the use of tissue engineering and cell technologies. To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of new methods at the preclinical stage, adequate and reproducible experimental models of SUI in laboratory animals should be used.

Effect of multipotent stromal cells on the function of cell mitochondria in regenerating liver.

Intrasplenic allogeneic transplantation of multipotent stromal cells from the umbilical cord stimulates hepatocyte proliferation and promotes recovery of liver weight in rats after subtotal resection (80% organ weight). It can be hypothesized that this effect of multipotent stromal cells is due to more rapid recovery of the number of mitochondria and normalization of mitochondrial function of liver hepatocytes.

Hemopoietic cell proliferation and death in the regenerating fetal rat liver.

The proliferation and death of hemopoietic cells in the regenerating liver of 17-day outbred albino rat fetuses were studied during 2 days after resection of 20% of the organ. The mitotic index of hemopoietic cells in the resected liver increased significantly 24 h after the operation in comparison with the control fetuses. No increase in the counts of apoptotic hemopoietic cells was detected in the regenerating liver.

Mechanisms of therapeutic activity of multipotent cells in heart diseases.

Analysis of our findings and published reports on possible mechanisms of therapeutic activity of stem/progenitor cell transplantation in cardiovascular pathologies is presented.

Improvement of cardiac contractile function in rats with postinfarction cardiosclerosis after transplantation of mononuclear and multipotent stroma bone marrow cells.

We compared the efficiency of autologous mononuclear cells and multipotent stromal cells of the bone marrow after their non-selective intracoronary transplantation on day 30 after acute coronary infarction in rats. Improvement of hemodynamic parameters of myocardial contractility (rates of left ventricular pressure rise and drop) in comparison with the initial values and deceleration of postinfarction prolongation of QRS and QT intervals were observed in rats of the experimental group in contrast to controls in 4 weeks after transplantation. These functional changes were more intensive after transplantation of multipotent stromal cells and were accompanied by more pronounced morphological signs of reverse myocardial remodeling: thickening of the scarred left ventricular wall, shrinkage of the scar, and decrease in left ventricular dilatation index.

[Proliferation and cell death of hepatocytes in regenerating rat fetal liver].

Proliferation and death of hepatocytes in regenerating liver of 17-day white rat fetuses were investigated. During 2 days after liver resection (20%), animals were sacrificed every 3 h. In experimental groups, the index of Ki67-positive hepatocytes increased sharply in 15 h after liver resection.

Reparation of the myocardium after transplantation of mononuclear bone marrow cells.

Safety and efficiency of intracoronary transventricular transplantation of autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells in rats with postinfarction cardiosclerosis were studied. The cells migrated to the damaged area and were detected only in the cicatricial tissue; they have fibroblast-like phenotype and some of them were stained with Fapα (marker of reactive fibroblasts). More active proliferation of non-muscular cells and formation and maturation of collagen fibers in the cicatricial tissue were observed after transplantation of mononuclear cells.

Regeneration of skull bones in adult rabbits after implantation of commercial osteoinductive materials and transplantation of a tissue-engineering construct.

We performed a comparative study of reparative osteogenesis in rabbits with experimental critical defects of the parietal bones after implantation of commercial osteoinductive materials "Biomatrix", "Osteomatrix", "BioOss" in combination with platelet-rich plasma and transplantation of a tissue-engineering construct on the basis of autogenic multipotent stromal cells from the adipose tissue predifferentiated in osteogenic direction. It was found that experimental reparative osteogenesis is insufficiently stimulated by implantation materials and full-thickness trepanation holes were not completely closed. After transplantation of the studied tissue-engineering construct, the defect was filled with full-length bone regenerate (in the center of the regenerate and from the maternal bone) in contrast to control and reference groups, where the bone tissue was formed only on the side of the maternal bone.

Angiogenesis after transplantation of auto- and allogenic cells.

Neoangiogenesis after transplantation of auto- and allogenic mononuclears and multipotent stromal cells from the bone marrow was studied on the model of inflammatory angiogenesis. Transplanted auto- and allogenic cells stimulate the formation of new blood vessels in the granulation tissue, this manifesting in an increase in the quantity and volume density of blood vessels. The most pronounced angiogenesis was observed after transplantation of allogenic mononuclears and multipotent stromal cells.

Morphological changes in paraurethral area after introduction of tissue engineering construct on the basis of adipose tissue stromal cells.

We studied morphological changes in the paraurethral area of Wistar rats after introduction of tissue engineering constructs on the basis of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells and gelatin sponge. The tissue engineering construct containing autologous culture of the stromal fraction of the adipose tissue was most effective. After introduction of this construct we observed more rapid degradation of the construct matrix and more intensive formation of collagen fibers.

Directions of migration of bone marrow mononuclears after intracoronary transventricular injection.

Directions of migration of mononuclear bone marrow cells after intracoronary transventricular injection procedure developed by us were experimentally studied. After nonselective injection of cells into the right and left coronary arteries in rats, the labeled cells were detected only in the damaged zone of the myocardium. Localization of transplanted mononuclears in the scar attests to their homing into the damaged zone.

Morphological changes in intervertabral disk tissues in a static asymmetrical compression model of degenerative dystrophic diseases of intervertabral disks.

Morphological studies showed that the model of compression static asymmetric degenerative diseases of intervertebral disks in rats developed by us corresponds to degenerative diseases of the spine in humans. Three-month compression led to a significant reduction of the total disk height by 15.3% and a reduction in the content of notochondrial cells by 64.

[Molecular mechanisms of reparation in prenatality].

Analysis of the specific features of an inflammatory reaction, wound contraction, the synthesis of cell mediators, cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix modulators in response to a prenatal injury has allowed the discussion of the factors contributing to scar-free healing and the possible ways of minimizing fibrosis.

Compression asymmetric static experimental model of degenerative disk diseases.

We propose an experimental model of degenerative-dystrophic changes in intervertebral disks of rat tail. The results of X-ray examination and histological studies showed that degenerative changes in the disk tissues caused by experimental compression of intervertebral disks in rat tails are identical to those in humans.

[The mechanism of the elimination of dead cells in the myocardium of the fetal rat].

At investigation of the intact and damaged myocardium of the rat fetuses (age 17-21 days) several ways of elimination of the perished cells have been revealed: a) exfoliation of the endocardial perished cells into the ventricular cavity; b) phagocytosis by phagocytes of the fetus; c) bordering of the perished cells by endotheliocytes with a subsequent joining of the endothelium to the blood stream. When the fetal myocardium is damaged, elimination of the perished cells is not ensured, nevertheless, during physiological death of the myocardial cells this method is probably effective. The restrictive function of the endothelium plays an essential role in morphogenesis of the heart and is ensured by certain changes in composition of the intercellular substance.

[The effect of triterpene glycoside complexes from holothurians on liver repair].

Immunomodulatory doses of cucumarioside, a complex of triterpene glycosides from holothurians, cause a delay of mitosis in lever cells and compensatory increase in mitotic activity. Triterpene glycosides can be considered as compounds that can regulate proliferative processes.

[The capacity for regeneration of the myocardium in rat fetuses].

A reproducible model of heart injury in 16-days old rat fetuses has been developed. 30 days after the injury a 4-fold increase of the damaged area was observed. Decrease of reparative capacity of myocardium in fetuses as compared with the adults is due to the functional immaturity of the connective tissue cells.

[Atrial natriuretic factor in human and animal pathology].

The atria and blood plasma of man and many mammals have been discovered to contain a regulatory atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) that comprises peptides of several species ranging 2500 to 3500 daltons in molecular mass. ANF receptors in various tissues have been localized, and the major functions of the factor, viz., vasodilator (hypotensive), diuretic, and natriuretic, have been elucidated.