Lifespans of Fur Color Morphs in Polymorphic Populations of the Mole Vole and the Hypothesis of Adaptive Polymorphism.

Different lifespans were for the first time demonstrated for three (brown, bicolor, and black) fur color morphs in ten mole vole populations of the Volga, Ural, and Trans-Ural regions. With the longest lifespan of 5 years in the species, morphs that numerically dominate in a population can live 1-4 years longer than accompanying morphs. Spearman's correlation coefficient between the longest lifespan of the morphs and their proportion in the population was R = 0.

Can Shrews Avoid Competition When Hutchinson's Ecological Rule Is Disobeyed?

It is established that Hutchinson's ratio of the weights and sizes of the body and foraging organs in similar species is not fully obeyed in shrew species of the genus Sorex. Similarity in the centroid size of the mandible was observed in the large species S. isodon and S.

Genetic Diversity of Species of Microtus Generic Group (Arvicolinae, Rodentia): New Data from the Greater Caucasus.

Using the cytochrome b gene (1143 bp), species identification and the phylogenetic analysis of voles of the generic group Microtus from the eastern part of the Greater Caucasus, including the Ismayilli, Khizi, and Balakan Districts of Azerbaijan, have been carried out. Three species, the Major's pine vole (M. majori), the social vole (M.

Analysis of Geographical Variability of Morphogenetic Trajectories Using the Mole Vole (Ellobius talpinus Pall.) as an Example.

ABSTTRACT: -Using the methods of geometric morphometrics, we have revealed the phenomenon of geographical variability of morphogenetic trajectories when doing side-by-side comparisons of mandibular shapes in individuals of different ages from three southern Trans-Ural populations of the mole vole (Ellobius talpinus Pall.) in the common morphospace.

New Data on the Holocene Mammal Fauna of the Ustyurt Plateau.

Analysis of mammalian species composition has been performed for eight archaeological sites on the Ustyurt plateau. They date to the range from the middle Subboreal to the middle Subatlantic. The modern species composition of large mammals formed by the end of the Middle Holocene (Subboreal 2) and did not change until the early 20th century.

Morphogenetic Effects of Resettlement of Mole Voles (Ellobius talpinus Pall., 1770) from the Southern Population to the Northern Boundary of the Species Range.

Geometric morphometry has been used to reveal transformations of mandible morphogenesis in the offspring of mole voles resettled to the northern part of the species range from a southern population. The transformations were new compared to both the original (southern) and the aboriginal (northern) populations. A significant increase in the intragroup morphological disparity estimated by the mean nearest neighbor distance (MNND) in the resettled animals compared to both aboriginal populations is an indirect indication of an increased developmental instability in the resettled animals exposed to new climatic conditions.

Distinct features of intraspecific and intrapopulation variability of the skull size in the red fox.

The range of chronographic variability of the average size of the skull in the red fox (data collected by the authors) from a compact area in the Middle Urals has been assessed for a 30-year period, and the results obtained have been compared with the published data on the geographical variability within the vast species range. The range of changes of the average dimensions of the skull over time spanned almost the entire range of geographical variability. Therefore, the problem of search for factors that determine the morphological diversity arises.

[The role of the Urals in the genetic diversity of the European moose subspecies (Alces alces alces)].

The genetic diversity of the Uralian moose population and the role of the Ural region in the phylogeographic structure of the European moose were evaluated based on sequence polymorphisms of the mtDNA control region. The nucleotide diversity of the Ural moose was low, whereas haplotype diversity was rather high. It was found that the haplotype pool of the Ural moose reflects both the unique features of their mitochondrial lineages and their connection with Alces alces alces populations of Europe and West Siberia.

[Peculiarities of structural organization of hemoglobin of Chironomus plumosus L. (Diptera: Chironomidae)].

In Ch. plumosus and Ch. riparius there were revealed various structural hemoglobin variants including monomers, dimers, trimers, tetramers, hexamers, and octamers.

[Karyofunds of Chironomus plumosus (L.) (Diptera, Chironomidae). V. terminal and interstitial populations].

The study of polytene chromosomes of Chironomus plumosus from Rybinsk reservoir, its inflows and surrounding water bodies allow to mark out two type's of population. Terminal populations--presented by karyoforms with concrete limited composition of genotype combinations and zygotic arm combinations, which adapted to specific complex of the habitat factors. The immediate exchange of genes between different terminal populations is absent (even they placed in nearness) from allochronie of life cycles and impossibility of larvae-immigrants to finish ontogenesis in unfit for they habitat conditions.

[Monitoring and controlling risk of occupational morbidity on aluminium plant].

The authors specified and introduced a system monitoring occupational diseases (fluor intoxication) on aluminium plant. Clinical examination of workers in groups with various risk levels proved design values to be reliable. Suggestions included main principles of risk management to decrease probability of occupational diseases in aluminium production.

[Effect of droperidol and tramadol combination on the hemostasis in rabbits].

The effect of a combined administration of analgesic droperidol and neuroleptic tramadol (tramal) on the plasma coagulation and platelet aggregation was studied on awake rabbits. Both tramadol and droperidol, as well as their combination, enhance the coagulation of plasma proteins and suppress the thrombocyte deaggregation process.

[The evaluation of risk factors for occupational diseases of miners in coal mines].

The article deals with hygienic evaluation of work conditions for open cast coal miners in Kouzbass. Based on the evaluation, the authors calculated occupational morbidity risk due to noise, local vibration, dust exposure. An occupational diseases index and hygienic criteria helped to specify general characteristics of occupational risk, measures of prophylaxis and social security for the main occupational groups of open cast coal miners in Kouzbass.

[The complex evaluation of risk factors at the thermoelectric power stations in Southern Kuzbass].

The authors conducted complex evaluation of health risk factors for heat power stations workers--that was a result of long studies specifying measures to optimize work conditions. The calculations covered the factors' biologic doses and critical length of service for various probabilities of occupational diseases.

[Mechanisms of long-term synaptic depression in the hippocampus].

Long-term depression (LTD) was studied in hippocampal slices obtained from neonatal rats at the synapses between CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons. The induction of the LTD required pairing of Ca2+ influx into the postsynaptic CA1 neuron through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels with activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors. The expression of this form of LTD is at least partly presynaptic, suggesting the need for a retrograde messenger.