Preemptive multimodal analgesia for gynecologic oncology patients undergoing laparotomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Gynecologic oncology laparotomy leads to severe postoperative pain. We aimed to evaluate the effects of preemptive multimodal analgesic regimen on postoperative opioid consumption for patients undergoing gynecologic oncology laparotomy.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized clinical trial, 80 female patients scheduled for gynecologic oncology laparotomy were randomized to receive preemptive multimodal analgesia consisted of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, acetaminophen and intravenous morphine patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) (Study group) or conventional analgesia with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and morphine PCA (Control group).

Identifying causality, genetic correlation, priority and pathways of large-scale complex exposures of breast and ovarian cancers.

Background: Genetic correlations, causalities and pathways between large-scale complex exposures and ovarian and breast cancers need systematic exploration.

Methods: Mendelian randomisation (MR) and genetic correlation (GC) were used to identify causal biomarkers from 95 cancer-related exposures for risk of breast cancer [BC: oestrogen receptor-positive (ER + BC) and oestrogen receptor-negative (ER - BC) subtypes] and ovarian cancer [OC: high-grade serous (HGSOC), low-grade serous, invasive mucinous (IMOC), endometrioid (EOC) and clear cell (CCOC) subtypes].

Results: Of 31 identified robust risk factors, 16 were new causal biomarkers for BC and OC.

Integration analysis of GWAS and expression quantitative trait loci to identify candidate genes and pathways for clozapine-related neutropaenia.

Aims: Little is known about the genetic basis of clozapine-related neutropaenia. This study aims to explore candidate genes and pathways involved in clozapine-related neutropaenia.

Methods: This study conducted a two-stage integrative analysis of the summary statistics from the genome-wide association study (GWAS, n = 552) of the lowest absolute neutrophil count (ANC) during clozapine treatment and the summary data of the expressed quantitative trait locus (eQTL).

The effect of dexmedetomidine on intraoperative blood glucose homeostasis: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on intraoperative blood glucose hemostasis in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac major surgery.

Methods: This was secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Patients in dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose dexmedetomidine (0.

The diagnostic threshold of Cornell assessment of pediatric delirium in detection of postoperative delirium in pediatric surgical patients.

Background: Cornell assessment of pediatric delirium (CAPD) showed advantage in diagnosis of pediatric delirium in Chinese critically ill patients. But its performance in surgical patients is still unclear. The present study was designed to validate the diagnostic performance of CAPD in surgical pediatric patients.

Causal Effect of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and the Joint Exposure of Higher Glucose and Triglyceride With Extensive Cardio-Cerebrovascular Metabolic Outcomes in the UK Biobank: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

The causal evidence of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, as well as the joint exposure of higher glucose and triglyceride on the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), was lacking. A comprehensive factorial Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed in the UK Biobank cohort involving 273,368 individuals with European ancestry to assess and quantify these effects. The factorial MR, MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger, meta-regression, sensitivity analysis, positive control, and external verification were utilized.

Antihypertensive medication adherence and cardiovascular disease risk: A longitudinal cohort study.

Background And Aims: Few studies estimated the impact of antihypertensive adherence on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in a longitudinal cohort with presence of time-dependent confounders. This study aims to assess the association between antihypertensive adherence and CVD using marginal structural Cox model (MSM-Cox) and to characterize blood pressure (BP) trajectories of patients with different adherence.

Methods: This longitudinal study included 16,896 hypertensive patients receiving antihypertensive medication.

Exploring the Causal Roles of Circulating Remnant Lipid Profile on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases: Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Causal evidence of circulating lipids especially the remnant cholesterol with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is lacking. This research aimed to explore the causal roles of extensive lipid traits especially the remnant lipids in CVD.

Methods: Two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) analysis was performed based on large-scale meta-analysis datasets in European ancestry.

Climate change versus land-use change-What affects the ecosystem services more in the forest-steppe ecotone?

The Ecosystem services (ESs), which play an important role in the balance of the natural ecosystem and social-economic development, are suffering from degradation caused by human activities and climate change. However, the manner in which the ESs respond to the land use/cover changes (LUCCs) and the climatic factors respectively remain elusive, especially in the forest-steppe ecotone, which is highly sensitive to climate change and anthroponotic activities. Based on the remote sensing data and in situ meteorological data, we comprehensively modeled and compared 4 key ESs changes caused by 3 LUCC types, land-use change fraction, and climate changes through two simple comparative experiments.

Causal Pathways from Body Components and Regional Fat to Extensive Metabolic Phenotypes: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the causal effects and pathways from body components to extensive metabolic phenotypes.

Methods: Summarized data including 24 metabolic phenotypes from 10 consortiums were used to perform univariate, multivariable, and bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis based on the network design.

Results: For metabolically related biomarkers, a 1-SD increase in body fat mass (BFM) was robustly associated with increased fasting insulin, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and urate and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

Exploring Connections among Ecosystem Services Supply, Demand and Human Well-Being in a Mountain-Basin System, China.

Stakeholder perception and supply-demand relations are the main challenges and future directions for research on ecosystem services (ES). Based on spatial data and statistical data, we mapped eight key ES supply between 2005-2015 in the Huailai mountain-basin area. Using data from 507 survey questionnaires, we identified the ES demand and the public perceptions of the changes in ES.

The sensitivity and specificity of statistical rules for diagnosing delayed neurocognitive recovery with Montreal cognitive assessment in elderly surgical patients: A cohort study.

Delayed neurocognitive recovery (DNR) is common in elderly patients after major noncardiac surgery. This study was designed to investigate the best statistical rule in diagnosing DNR with the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) in elderly surgical patients.This was a cohort study.

Roles for circulating polyunsaturated fatty acids in ischemic stroke and modifiable factors: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Available data about the effects of circulating polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on ischemic stroke (IS) and its main risk factors remains limited and conflicting. Therefore, we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess whether genetically predicted PUFA affected IS, lipids and blood pressure (BP).

Methods: Genetic instruments associated with IS were derived from ISGC Consortium (n = 29,633), with lipids were derived from GLGC(n = 188,577), with BP were derived from Neale Lab(n = 337,000).

Methane emissions in grazing systems in grassland regions of China: A synthesis.

The effects of grazing on methane (CH) budgets are important for understanding the balance of greenhouse gas emissions and removals in grassland ecosystems. However, the CH budgets of grazing systems, that is simultaneously considering CH uptake by grassland soils and emissions from ruminant enteric fermentation, livestock folds and animal feces, are poorly investigated, particularly for Chinese grasslands, and thus, remained unclear currently. Here, a synthesis of 43 individual studies was carried out to assess the grazing season/annual CH budgets and their responses to grazing in grassland ecosystems of China.

Impact of dexmedetomidine infusion during general anaesthesia on incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients after major non-cardiac surgery: study protocol of a randomised, double-blinded and placebo-controlled trial.

Introduction: Delirium is a common complication in the elderly after surgery and is associated with worse outcomes. Multiple risk factors are related with postoperative delirium, such as exposure to general anaesthetics, pain and postoperative inflammatory response. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that dexmedetomidine attenuated neurotoxicity induced by general anaesthetics, improved postoperative analgesia and inhibited inflammatory response after surgery.