Association Between Folate Metabolism Risk, Collateral Circulation, and Hemorrhagic Risk in Moyamoya Disease.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) polymorphisms are known risk factors for vascular diseases due to the impact on folate metabolism dysfunction and homocysteine (Hcy) accumulation. This study aimed to investigate the association between folate metabolism risk and hemorrhagic risk in moyamoya disease (MMD). In this prospective study, we enrolled 350 MMD patients with complete genotype data for MTHFR and MTRR.

Crosstalk between CD180-overexpression macrophages and glioma cells worsens patient survival through malignant phenotype promotion and immunosuppressive regulation.

Background: Understanding the molecular mechanisms in immunosuppressive regulation is crucial for improving immunotherapeutic strategies. Macrophages, the major immune cells in tumor microenvironment (TME), play a dual role in tumor progression. CD180, primarily expressed in macrophages, remains unclear and requires further investigation.

Innate Immune Cell Profiling in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Moyamoya Disease.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disease characterized by stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery, thus leading to ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes. Although genetic studies have identified ring finger protein 213 (RNF213) as a susceptibility gene, the low disease penetrance suggests that a secondary trigger, such as infection, may initiate disease onset. This study aimed to characterize the innate immune cell profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of MMD patients via mass cytometry (CyTOF).

miRTarBase 2025: updates to the collection of experimentally validated microRNA-target interactions.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (18-26 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression by interacting with target mRNAs, affecting various physiological and pathological processes. miRTarBase, a database of experimentally validated miRNA-target interactions (MTIs), now features over 3 817 550 validated MTIs from 13 690 articles, significantly expanding its previous version. The updated database includes miRNA interactions with therapeutic agents, revealing roles in drug resistance and therapeutic strategies.

Comprehensive Analysis and In Vitro Verification of Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Related Genes in Moyamoya Disease.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare, chronic, and progressive cerebrovascular disorder with unclear underlying causes and mechanisms. Previous studies suggest a potential involvement of endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in the pathogenesis of MMD. This study aimed to explore the contribution of EndMT-related genes (ERGs) in MMD.

Scale-inspired programmable robotic structures with concurrent shape morphing and stiffness variation.

Biological organisms often have remarkable multifunctionality through intricate structures, such as concurrent shape morphing and stiffness variation in the octopus. Soft robots, which are inspired by natural creatures, usually require the integration of separate modules to achieve these various functions. As a result, the whole structure is cumbersome, and the control system is complex, often involving multiple control loops to finish a required task.

T Cells Immune Imbalance Present in Patients With Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms.

Growing evidence suggests that systemic immune and inflammatory responses may play a critical role in the formation and development of aneurysms. Exploring the differences between single intracranial aneurysm (SIA) and multiple IAs (MIAs) could provide insights for targeted therapies. However, there is a lack of comprehensive and detailed characterization of changes in circulating immune cells in MIAs.

High glutamine increases stroke risk by inducing the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in moyamoya disease.

At present, there is limited research on the mechanisms underlying moyamoya disease (MMD). Herein, we aimed to determine the role of glutamine in MMD pathogenesis, and 360 adult patients were prospectively enrolled. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) were subjected to Integrin Subunit Beta 4 (ITGB4) overexpression or knockdown and atorvastatin.

Circulating immune cell landscape and T-cell abnormalities in patients with moyamoya disease.

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) stands as a prominent cause of stroke among children and adolescents in East Asian populations. Although a growing body of evidence suggests that dysregulated inflammation and autoimmune responses might contribute to the development of MMD, a comprehensive and detailed understanding of the alterations in circulating immune cells associated with MMD remains elusive.

Methods: In this study, we employed a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), mass cytometry and RNA-sequencing techniques to compare immune cell profiles in peripheral blood samples obtained from patients with MMD and age-matched healthy controls.

Locating Target Regions for Image Retrieval in an Unsupervised Manner.

Image retrieval performance can be improved by training a convolutional neural network (CNN) model with annotated data to facilitate accurate localization of target regions. However, obtaining sufficiently annotated data is expensive and impractical in real settings. It is challenging to achieve accurate localization of target regions in an unsupervised manner.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke after revascularization in patients with Moyamoya disease: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The study aimed to investigate the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and ischemic stroke events after revascularization in patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD).

Methods: This study prospectively enrolled 275 MMD patients from September 2020 to December 2021. Patients with alcoholism and other liver diseases were excluded.

Mass cytometry revealed the circulating immune cell landscape across different Suzuki stages of Moyamoya disease.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder marked by progressive arterial narrowing, categorized into six stages known as Suzuki stages based on angiographic features. Growing evidence indicates a pivotal role of systemic immune and inflammatory responses in the initiation and advancement of MMD. This study employs high-dimensional mass cytometry to reveal the immunophenotypic characteristics of peripheral blood immune cells (PBMCs) at various Suzuki stages, offering insights into the progression of MMD.

A Dual-Responsive Artificial Skin for Tactile and Touchless Interfaces.

The progress from intelligent interactions and supplemented/augmented reality requires artificial skins to shift from the single-functional tactile paradigm. Dual-responsive sensors that can both detect pre-contact proximal events and tactile pressure levels enrich the perception dimensions and deliver additional cognitive information. Previous dual-responsive sensors show very limited utilizations only in proximity perception or approaching switches.

High-performance inverted evanescently coupled waveguide integrated MUTC-PD with high response speed.

Here we propose an inverted evanescently-coupled waveguide modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiode (IECWG MUTC-PD) and verify the character numerically. In this photodiode, the epitaxial structure is inverted from p-i-n to n-i-p, and a diluted waveguide is applied. The material of capacitance control layer is optimized to realize energy band compensation and capacitance control.

Managing Emergent Surgery for Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic which may compromise the management of vascular emergencies. An uncompromised treatment for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) during such a health crisis represents a challenge. This study aimed to demonstrate the treatment outcomes of rAAA and the perioperative prevention of cross-infection under the COVID-19 pandemic.

Study on the Preparation and Anti-CO Corrosion Performance of Soap-Free Latex for Oil Well Cement.

To improve the resistance to CO corrosion of oil well cement, soap-free emulsion polymerization was used to prepare a soap-free latex (PSAC) with sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) and nano-SiO (SSS/SiO) as the ionic copolymer emulsifier. The effects of SSS/SiO on the performance, thermal stability, and latex particle morphology of the PSAC were investigated through zeta potential, TGA, and TEM measurements, respectively. The carbonation resistance properties of cement with PSAC were evaluated, and the anticorrosion mechanism of the PSAC cement was determined by SEM, EDS, XRD, and Si NMR analyses.

Synthesis and retarder mechanism study of a novel amphoteric composite high temperature-resistant retarder for oil well cement.

An amphoteric composite polymer (hereinafter referred to as PAADM) as a high temperature-resistant cement retarder was prepared by intercalated polymerization method with 2-crylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), acrylic acid (AA) and two diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) as monomers, and modified montmorillonite as an active polymerization filler. The synthetic composite polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), H nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of the aforementioned characterization showed that the synthesized copolymer (PAADM) has an intercalation/exfoliation composite structure and excellent thermal stability.