Papilledema and Peripheral Neuropathies.

Introduction: Papilledema is a common sign in ophthalmology and is typically associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in neurological diseases. Since the beginning of the 20th century, some cases of papilledema have been reported in association with acute or chronic inflammatory neuropathies.

Case Report: We describe a 42-year-old man with acute-onset inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy and bilateral papilledema.

Retinal microvascular alterations related to diabetes assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography: A cross-sectional analysis.

Fluorescein angiography has been so far the gold-standard test to assess diabetic macular ischemia (DMI), a cause of irreversible visual impairment in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and perifoveal microcirculation changes in eyes with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), a new and noninvasive vascular imaging technique.Cross-sectional study including eyes of diabetic patients with NPDR.

Relationships between macular pigment optical density and lacquer cracks in high myopia.

Purpose: A low concentration of macular carotenoid pigment (lutein and zeaxanthin) is a significant risk factor for macular degeneration. The goal of this paper is to investigate the relationship between macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and lacquer cracks (LC) in high myopia.

Methods: This is a prospective comparative observational study (NCT02205632) including high myopic patients with or without LC.

Prevalence of macular complications associated with high myopia by multimodal imaging.

Purpose: To describe the prevalence of macular complications in patients with visual acuity decrease related to high myopia (HM). To establish correlations between these complications and demographic or anatomical characteristics.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional observational study including HM patients undergoing best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus examination, macular SD-OCT, and fluorescein angiography in the case of suspicion of choroidal neovascularization (CNV).

Intraventricular Silicone Oil: A Case Report.

Intracranial silicone oil is a rare complication of intraocular endotamponade with silicone oil. We describe a case of intraventricular silicone oil fortuitously observed 38 months after an intraocular tamponade for a complicated retinal detachment in an 82 year-old woman admitted in the Department of Neurology for a stroke. We confirm the migration of silicone oil along the optic nerve.

Association Between Diabetic Macular Edema and Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the main cause of visual loss associated with diabetes but any association between DME and cardiovascular events is unclear.This study aims to describe the possible association between DME and cardiovascular events in a multicenter cross-sectional study of patients with type 2 diabetes.Two thousand eight hundred seven patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from diabetes and nephrology clinical institutional centers participating in the DIAB 2 NEPHROGENE study focusing on diabetic complications.

Intravitreal Ranibizumab in Daily Clinical Practice for Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Treatment of Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Real Life.

Purpose: To describe the anatomical and functional outcomes in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) undergoing ranibizumab therapy in real-life practice.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients with exudative AMD treated with ranibizumab. Visual acuity (VA) and optic coherence tomography characteristics at baseline and at the end of the follow-up, clinical forms of the disease, delay between diagnosis and treatment as well as the number of follow-up visits and of intravitreal injections were collected.

Relevance of wide-field autofluorescence imaging in Birdshot retinochoroidopathy: descriptive analysis of 76 eyes.

Purpose: To study and classify retinal lesions in patients with birdshot disease using wide-field autofluorescence imaging and correlate them according to patients' visual status.

Methods: A multicentre study was carried out on 76 eyes of 39 patients with birdshot disease, analysing colour images and under autofluorescence using the wide-field Optomap(®) imaging system. This was combined with a complete clinical exam and analysis of the macula with OCT.

[Simplified anesthesia protocol for cataract surgery under topical anesthesia: one year retrospective study].

Introduction: The reduced supply of anesthesiologists in the hospital setting calls for a reconsideration of anesthesia management for ophthalmology patients. Therefore, a simplified management protocol has been designed through close collaboration between the involved specialists for cataract surgery under topical anesthesia (anesthetic eye drops or sub-Tenon's injection).

Materials And Methods: At the conclusion of the visit confirming the need for surgery, the surgeon completes a questionnaire designed to elicit a history of the presence of diabetes mellitus (type I or II), prior organ transplantation, chronic renal insufficiency requiring dialysis, communication difficulties, psychiatric disorders, allergy and/or a complex cataract.

Abnormal retinal thickness in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), brain lesions are marked by severe neuronal loss and retinal degeneration was previously mentioned in affected patients. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a clinical syndrome that could be an early phase of AD. In this study, using optical coherence tomography (OCT), the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was assessed in patients with mild AD, moderate to severe AD, amnestic MCI and control subjects.

[Prepapillary arterial loop and retinal arterial branch occlusion].

Preretinal arterial loops are congenital vascular anomalies that originate from a main branch of the central retinal artery on the optic disc. These arterial loops are usually unilateral and asymptomatic, but they can be associated with retinal artery branch occlusion. We report one case of inferior temporal retinal artery occlusion in a patient with preretinal arterial loops.

[Oguchi disease or stationary congenital night blindness: a case report].

Introduction: Oguchi disease, originally described in Japanese people, is a rare form of stationary night blindness in patients with normal acuity.

Observation: We report the case of an 8-year-old girl who presented with an abnormal terrified behavior in the dark. Thorough questioning revealed hemeralopia.

Maternal history of type 2 diabetes is associated with diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients.

Aims: Insulin resistance is a key feature of type 2 diabetes. It is also involved in the development and progression of microvascular complications. We analysed the relationship between parental history of diabetes, insulin resistance and diabetic nephropathy (DN) and assessed the specific maternal and paternal influences of history of type 2 diabetes on DN in type 1 diabetic offspring.

[Role of trypan blue in epiretinal membrane surgery].

Introduction: Idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) results from detachment of the posterior hyaloid. Vitrectomy and peeling are the treatment of choice. Trypan blue 0.

[Evaluation of trypan blue toxicity in idiopathic epiretinal membrane surgery with macular function test using multifocal electroretinography: seven prospective case studies].

Introduction: Idiopathic epiretinal membranes are considered the consequence of glial proliferation through a defect of the internal limiting membrane and can induce a functional macular syndrome associating mainly metamorphopsia and visual acuteness. Visual disturbance is not bound to the area and the degree of transparency of the membrane, but to distortion of external layers of the retina. Multifocal electroretinography (ERGm) can assess the macular area and retina extending 20 degrees.

[Ultrastructural study of epiretinal membrane stained by trypan blue: 15 case reports].

Introduction: Idiopathic epiretinal membrane results from detachment of the posterior hyaloid and is believed to be related to naturally occurring defects in the internal limiting membrane (ILM) of the retina. Vitrectomy and peeling are the treatment of choice. Trypan blue 0.

[Role of vitrectomy in patients with a decrease in visual acuity secondary to asteroid hyalosis].

Purpose: Asteroid hyalosis is a vitreous degeneration with calcium and phosphorus--lipid complexes in elderly patients with vascular risk factors or general disease such as diabetes mellitus. Synchysis scintillans is a complication of pathological eyes. Generally there are no symptoms.

[Leber's idiopathic stellate neuroretinitis: about two cases].

Background: Described by Theodore Leber in 1916, this syndrome is characterized by unilateral visual loss, optic disc swelling and a stellate pattern of exudative deposits in the macula.

Material And Methods: Two young adults were examined for sudden unilateral visual loss preceded by a flu-like syndrome. Fundus examination revealed a swollen optic disc and a macular star, visualized on fluorescein angiography.

[Endovascular treatment of sinus dural fistulas using vein catheterism].

Purpose: We report two techniques for treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas using femoral vein catheterism and direct surgery via the superior ophthalmic vein. We will attempt to show the advantages of these new techniques instead of using the arterial pathway, which is currently the reference procedure.

Subjects And Method: Mrs G, 75 years old was sent by her ophthalmologist because of a suspected orbital tumor.

[Toxocara canis infection. 2 cases of peripheral granuloma in adults].

Purpose: We report two cases of toxocariasis peripheral granuloma in adults.

Methods: Diagnostic difficulties linked to parasite serologies, particular to these two cases, are presented. Serology is often poorly contributive, but PCA and/or vitreous study with the ELISA reaction to Toxocara canis homologous antigens in the endocular fluids are the most reliable means of reaching a diagnosis, as evidence in our two observations.

[True or supposed bacterial endophthalmitis. Study of anatomo-functional outcome apropos of 32 cases].

Purpose: Vision prognostic study depending on the germs and the therapic performed in bacterial endophthalmitis.

Methods: In a retrospective study over a period of 3 years (1991-1993), 32 cases of post surgery bacterian endophthalmitis were detected: 30 cases after cataract surgery (29 cases after extra capsular surgery and one case after intra capsular), one case after trabeculectomy and one case after keratoplasty.

Results: A risk factor was evidenced in 15.

[Spatial contrast sensitivity in patients with severe myopia].

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of amount of myopia, axial elongation staphyloma and type of optical correction on contrast sensitivity of high myopic subjects.

Methods: Fifty-one patients (91 eyes) were selected on the following qualifications: myopia > or = 8 dpt and/or axial length > or = 26 mm, and visual acuity > or = 0.1 recorded through spectacle lenses.

[Search for bacterial contamination of the aqueous humor during cataract surgery with and without local antibiotic prophylaxis].

Purpose: Bacterial contamination of anterior chamber at the end of cataract surgery, was compared between two techniques: extracapsular extraction and phacoemulsification. The effectiveness of preoperative antibiotic eyedrops using Norfloxacine 0.3% (Chibroxine) was also evaluated.