Prognostic value of clinical and radiomic parameters in patients with liver metastases from uveal melanoma.

Approximately every second patient with uveal melanoma develops distant metastases, with the liver as the predominant target organ. While the median survival after diagnosis of distant metastases is limited to a year, yet-to-be-defined subgroups of patients experience a more favorable outcome. Therefore, prognostic biomarkers could help identify distinct risk groups to guide patient counseling, therapeutic decision-making, and stratification of study populations.

Fibrosis induced by resident macrophages has divergent roles in pancreas inflammatory injury and PDAC.

Tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) are long-lived cells that maintain locally and can be phenotypically distinct from monocyte-derived macrophages. Whether TRMs and monocyte-derived macrophages have district roles under differing pathologies is not understood. Here, we showed that a substantial portion of the macrophages that accumulated during pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer in mice had expanded from TRMs.

Deep learning-based assessment of body composition and liver tumour burden for survival modelling in advanced colorectal cancer.

Background: Personalized therapy planning remains a significant challenge in advanced colorectal cancer care, despite extensive research on prognostic and predictive markers. A strong correlation of sarcopenia or overall body composition and survival has been described. Here, we explore whether automated assessment of body composition and liver metastases from standard of care CT images can add to clinical parameters in personalized survival risk prognostication.

Outcomes after implementing a heart failure diuretic pathway in an emergency department setting.

Background: Among patients with acute decompensated heart failure (HF), national and international loop diuretic therapy recommendations may not be followed in the emergency department (ED).

Objectives: To examine if loop diuretic treatment and patient disposition from the ED differed after implementing a clinical pathway based on national HF guidelines.

Methods: Using an observational, pre- and post-intervention design, after clinical pathway implementation, loop diuretic medications and clinical outcomes were retrieved from medical records.

Stromal Reprogramming by FAK Inhibition Overcomes Radiation Resistance to Allow for Immune Priming and Response to Checkpoint Blockade.

Unlabelled: The effects of radiotherapy (RT) on tumor immunity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are not well understood. To better understand if RT can prime antigen-specific T-cell responses, we analyzed human PDAC tissues and mouse models. In both settings, there was little evidence of RT-induced T-cell priming.

Hidden Spin-Isospin Exchange Symmetry.

The strong interactions among nucleons have an approximate spin-isospin exchange symmetry that arises from the properties of quantum chromodynamics in the limit of many colors, N_{c}. However this large-N_{c} symmetry is well hidden and reveals itself only when averaging over intrinsic spin orientations. Furthermore, the symmetry is obscured unless the momentum resolution scale is close to an optimal scale that we call Λ_{large-N_{c}}.

Is there a connection between immunohistochemical markers and grading of lung cancer with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and standardised uptake values (SUV) of hybrid 18F-FDG-PET/MRI?

Introduction: To correlate tumour grading and prognostic immunohistochemical markers of lung cancer with simultaneously acquired standardised uptake values (SUV) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from hybrid PET/MRI.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 55 consecutive patients (mean age 62.5 ± 9.

Improved survival in metastatic breast cancer: results from a 20-year study involving 1033 women treated at a single comprehensive cancer center.

Purpose: Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer have changed profoundly over the past 25 years. The outcome improved dramatically and was well quantified for early stage breast cancer (EBC). However, progress in the treatment of metastatic disease has been less convincingly demonstrated.

Aurora A-Selective Inhibitor LY3295668 Leads to Dominant Mitotic Arrest, Apoptosis in Cancer Cells, and Shows Potent Preclinical Antitumor Efficacy.

Although Aurora A, B, and C kinases share high sequence similarity, especially within the kinase domain, they function distinctly in cell-cycle progression. Aurora A depletion primarily leads to mitotic spindle formation defects and consequently prometaphase arrest, whereas Aurora B/C inactivation primarily induces polyploidy from cytokinesis failure. Aurora B/C inactivation phenotypes are also epistatic to those of Aurora A, such that the concomitant inactivation of Aurora A and B, or all Aurora isoforms by nonisoform-selective Aurora inhibitors, demonstrates the Aurora B/C-dominant cytokinesis failure and polyploidy phenotypes.

Investigating Manuka Honey Antibacterial Properties When Incorporated into Cryogel, Hydrogel, and Electrospun Tissue Engineering Scaffolds.

Honey is well-known for its wound healing capability and Manuka honey (MH) contains a unique Manuka factor, providing an additional antibacterial agent. Previously, there has not been a practical way to apply MH to a wound site, which renders treatment for an extended period extremely difficult. Tissue-engineered scaffolds offer an alternative treatment method to standard dressings by providing varying geometries to best treat the specific tissue.

Prospective comparison of F-FDG PET/MRI and F-FDG PET/CT for thoracic staging of non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic performance of F-FDG PET/MRI and F-FDG PET/CT for primary and locoregional lymph node staging in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 84 patients (51 men, 33 women, mean age 62.5 ± 9.

MET Expression in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Effect on Clinical Outcomes of Chemotherapy, Targeted Therapy, and Immunotherapy.

Background: The receptor tyrosine kinase MET is implicated in malignant transformation, tumor progression, metastasis, and acquired treatment resistance. We conducted an analysis of the effect of MET expression and MET genomic aberrations on the outcome of patients with advanced or metastatic pulmonary adenocarcinomas prospectively enrolled in an institutional precision oncology program.

Patients And Methods: Standardized immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses of MET and markers of pathway activation were available in 384 patients, and next-generation sequencing-based MET hotspot mutation analyses were available from 892 patients.

Addition and removal energies of circular quantum dots.

We present and compare several many-body methods as applied to two-dimensional quantum dots with circular symmetry. We calculate the approximate ground state energy using a harmonic oscillator basis optimized by Hartree-Fock (HF) theory and further improve the ground state energy using two post-HF methods: in-medium similarity renormalization group and coupled cluster with singles and doubles. With the application of quasidegenerate perturbation theory or the equations-of-motion method to the results of the previous two methods, we obtain addition and removal energies as well.

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for extensive liver metastases of breast cancer: efficacy, safety and prognostic parameters.

Purpose: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) is an option for patients with liver-predominant metastatic breast cancer (LMBC), when no further systemic treatment is available. But systematic reports are limited. Here we conducted a retrospective analysis of LMBC patients treated at an expert center.

Nucleus-Dependent Valence-Space Approach to Nuclear Structure.

We present a nucleus-dependent valence-space approach for calculating ground and excited states of nuclei, which generalizes the shell-model in-medium similarity renormalization group to an ensemble reference with fractionally filled orbitals. Because the ensemble is used only as a reference, and not to represent physical states, no symmetry restoration is required. This allows us to capture three-nucleon (3N) forces among valence nucleons with a valence-space Hamiltonian specifically targeted to each nucleus of interest.

Curvature estimation from a volume-of-fluid indicator function for the simulation of surface tension and wetting with a free-surface lattice Boltzmann method.

The free surface lattice Boltzmann method (FSLBM) is a combination of the hydrodynamic lattice Boltzmann method with a volume-of-fluid (VOF) interface capturing technique for the simulation of incompressible free surface flows. Capillary effects are modeled by extracting the curvature of the interface from the VOF indicator function and imposing a pressure jump at the free boundary. However, obtaining accurate curvature estimates from a VOF description can introduce significant errors.

Effects of zeolite supplementation on parameters of intestinal barrier integrity, inflammation, redoxbiology and performance in aerobically trained subjects.

Background: Zeolites are crystalline compounds with microporous structures of Si-tetrahedrons. In the gut, these silicates could act as adsorbents, ion-exchangers, catalysts, detergents or anti-diarrheic agents. This study evaluated whether zeolite supplementation affects biomarkers of intestinal wall permeability and parameters of oxidation and inflammation in aerobically trained individuals, and whether it could improve their performance.

Lung cancer in pregnancy.

In the 26th week of gestation, a 29-year-old pregnant office employee was referred to the pulmonary department of Linz General Hospital (AKH) under the suspicion of tuberculosis. She complained of a cough with intermittent hemoptysis and pain in the thoracic spine from which she had been suffering the past 9 weeks. A plain chest X-ray showed a dense infiltrate on the right side and multiple smaller shadows in both lungs.

Nonperturbative shell-model interactions from the in-medium similarity renormalization group.

We present the first ab initio construction of valence-space Hamiltonians for medium-mass nuclei based on chiral two- and three-nucleon interactions using the in-medium similarity renormalization group. When applied to the oxygen isotopes, we find experimental ground-state energies are well reproduced, including the flat trend beyond the drip line at (24)O. Similarly, natural-parity spectra in (21,22,23,24)O are in agreement with experiment, and we present predictions for excited states in (25,26)O.

Expression of somatostatin receptor subtype 2 and subtype 5 in thyroid malignancies.

Aim: To retrospectively analyse the expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes 2 (SSTR 2) and 5 (SSTR 5) in thyroid malignancies, possibly the most relevant subtypes for targeted therapy with somatostatin peptide radioligands. In addition, findings were also correlated with the course of disease.

Patients, Methods: 87 consecutive patients (59 women, 28 men) with thyroid malignancy were included; 52 had papillary carcinoma, 24 follicular carcinoma, six medullary carcinoma, two poorly differentiated carcinoma and three anaplastic carcinoma.

Immune activation in amyloid-β-related angiitis correlates with decreased parenchymal amyloid-β plaque load.

Background: Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a rare but serious condition. A fraction of patients suffering from PACNS concurrently exhibit pronounced cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) which is characterized by deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ) in and around the walls of small and medium-sized arteries of the brain. PACNS with CAA has been identified as a distinct disease entity, termed Aβ-related angiitis (ABRA).