The Role of the Chronotype in Developing an Excessive Body Weight and Its Complications-A Narrative Review.

The chronotype, the personal predisposition towards morning or evening activities, significantly influences health conditions, sleep, and eating regulations. Individuals with evening chronotypes are often at a higher risk for weight gain due to misalignment between their natural tendencies of functioning and social schedules, resulting in insufficient sleep, disruptions in eating habits, and decreased physical activity levels. Often, impaired glucose tolerance and changes in melatonin, adiponectin, and leptin secretion, along with alterations in the clock gene functions in subjects with evening preferences, may be predisposed to obesity.

Whose tweets about obesity and weight loss gain the most attention: celebrities, political, or medical authorities?

Background: X (formerly Twitter) is a unique social medium where many famous people and health institutions post and interact with casual users. We aimed to explore reactions to tweets about obesity and weight loss from accounts representing celebrities, politicians, sportsmen, and health authorities.

Methods: We collected tweets from n = 2444 X profiles representing seven categories: celebrities, politicians, sportsmen, medical specialists, medical journals, medical universities, and health institutions.

Detrimental Industries' Sponsorship in Football Clubs Across Ten Major Leagues from 2000-2022: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Sponsorship of football teams by detrimental industries may negatively impact fans' dietary and behavioral choices. The study aimed to determine the proportion of sponsors on the jerseys of teams in the top ten football leagues that comprise companies producing alcohol or unhealthy food, or engaging in gambling.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study, incorporating data from first-division football teams in 10 countries (Argentina, Brazil, England, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, the Netherlands, Spain, and the United States) playing from 2000-2022.

Does Online Social Support Affect the Eating Behaviors of Polish Women with Insulin Resistance?

Background: Insulin resistance, a key factor in developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, is linked to various health conditions. The basis of its treatment is lifestyle modification. However, adherence to nutritional and other medical recommendations can be challenging for chronic disease patients due to many factors, including demographics, social context, gender, age, and the patient's baseline health condition.

The Effect of Semaglutide on Mortality and COVID-19-Related Deaths: An Analysis From the SELECT Trial.

Background: Patients with overweight and obesity are at increased risk of death from multiple causes, including cardiovascular (CV) death, with few therapies proven to reduce the risk.

Objectives: This study sought to assess the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on all-cause death, CV death, and non-CV death, including subcategories of death and death from coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).

Psychological determinants of the effectiveness of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation in overweight and obese women-a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Previous studies investigating the effectiveness of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation in body weight reduction provided unequivocal results. We hypothesized that psychological factors such as self-efficacy, locus of control or dispositional optimism can affect the success of the intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the psychological factors that modulate the effectiveness of CLA supplementation in overweight or obese women and affect the ability to successfully complete the study.

Concentrations of Glypican-4, Irisin and Total Antioxidant Status in Women with Metabolic Syndrome: Influence of Physical Activity.

Glypican-4 belongs to a group of poorly understood adipokines, with potential importance in people with metabolic syndrome, especially in groups of patients with glucose metabolism disorder. This study aimed to assess the effect of physical activity on serum glypican-4 and irisin levels and total antioxidant status (TAS) in plasma and saliva in women with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Seventy-two Caucasian women aged 25-60 were included in the study (36 women with MetS and 36 women without MetS (control group, CONTR)).

Does berberine impact anthropometric, hepatic, and metabolic parameters in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease? Randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Globally, the metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) holds the position as the most widespread chronic liver condition. Berberine (BBR) shows promise as a natural compound for managing obesity, hepatic steatosis, and metabolic disorders. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of BBR in addressing factors linked to MAFLD.

Modern Management of Cardiometabolic Continuum: From Overweight/Obesity to Prediabetes/Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Recommendations from the Eastern and Southern Europe Diabetes and Obesity Expert Group.

The increasing global incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) underscores the urgency of addressing these interconnected health challenges. Obesity enhances genetic and environmental influences on T2D, being not only a primary risk factor but also exacerbating its severity. The complex mechanisms linking obesity and T2D involve adiposity-driven changes in β-cell function, adipose tissue functioning, and multi-organ insulin resistance (IR).

Tweeting about fatphobia and body shaming: A retrospective infodemiological study.

Background: We aimed to analyze reactions to tweets that employed weight-based discrimination terms and to compare them to others posted by the same users on X (formerly Twitter).

Methods: We collected tweets featuring weight-based discrimination terms (the study group) and created a control group by randomly selecting up to five tweets from each account that did not mention any such terms. Descriptive statistics, sentiment analysis, and logistic regression modeling were used to compare the numbers of likes and retweets of the study and control groups, and to understand the emotions associated with these tweets.

Determinants of Weight Status and Body, Health and Life Satisfaction in Young Adults.

Health behaviors include behavioral patterns and habits that relate to health maintenance, restoration and improvement. They do not only affect the physical condition; they are also associated with life satisfaction. In our study, we focused on young adulthood, a specific lifespan period for establishing long-term health behavior patterns.

Can Adipokine FAM19A5 Be a Biomarker of Metabolic Disorders?

Aim: One of the most critical functions of adipose tissue is the production of adipokines, ie, numerous active substances that regulate metabolism. One is the newly discovered FAM19A5, whose older name is TAFA-5.

Purpose: The study aimed to review the literature on the FAM19A5 protein.

Genetic imputation of kidney transcriptome, proteome and multi-omics illuminates new blood pressure and hypertension targets.

Genetic mechanisms of blood pressure (BP) regulation remain poorly defined. Using kidney-specific epigenomic annotations and 3D genome information we generated and validated gene expression prediction models for the purpose of transcriptome-wide association studies in 700 human kidneys. We identified 889 kidney genes associated with BP of which 399 were prioritised as contributors to BP regulation.

The Role of Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity in a Metabolic Syndrome Patient with Sudden Cardiac Arrest: A Case Report.

Introduction: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity reflecting aortic stiffness could be used as an independent predictor of future cardiovascular events for an individual with metabolic syndrome. However, the routine use of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity is suboptimized in clinical practice. We report a case of metabolic syndrome with increased carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and subsequently developed myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac arrest.

Nutrient composition of plant-based fast-food meals and their omnivore counterparts: A cross-sectional analysis of e-menus.

Objectives: Fast food chains have introduced many plant-based meals to their menus. We aimed to compare the nutrient composition and allergenic content of plant-based (vegan or vegetarian) meals in fast food chains with their animal-based equivalents.

Methods: E-menus from 50 fast food chains across 5 countries (Australia, Canada, Poland, the UK, and the US) were analyzed.

The Role of Adipokines and Myokines in the Pathogenesis of Different Obesity Phenotypes-New Perspectives.

Obesity is a characteristic disease of the twenty-first century that is affecting an increasing percentage of society. Obesity expresses itself in different phenotypes: normal-weight obesity (NWO), metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). A range of pathophysiological mechanisms underlie the occurrence of obesity, including inflammation, oxidative stress, adipokine secretion, and other processes related to the pathophysiology of adipose tissue (AT).

Popularity of Surgical and Pharmacological Obesity Treatment Methods Searched by Google Users: the Retrospective Analysis of Google Trends Statistics in 2004-2022.

Purpose: Many individuals search for obesity treatment options on the Internet. We aimed to analyze the popularity of pharmacological and surgical obesity treatment methods searched by Google users.

Material And Methods: We used Google Trends to identify topics representing the following: recommended surgical methods (n = 9), recommended pharmacological methods (n = 10), and not recommended pharmacological methods (n = 34).

Availability of CT, MRI, and endoscopy procedures for Polish individuals with morbid obesity: cross-sectional telephone survey study.

Purpose: The rise in morbid obesity presents diagnostic challenges in computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and endoscopy. Research on the availability of these procedures for people with extreme obesity is limited. We aimed to analyse the accessibility of CT, MRI, and endoscopy procedures for people with extreme obesity in a significant sample of facilities serving in the Polish public healthcare system.

Genotypes of the UCP1 gene polymorphisms and cardiometabolic diseases: A multifactorial study of association with disease probability.

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are complex disorders with a heterogenous phenotype, which are caused by multiple factors including genetic factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs45539933 (p.Ala64Thr), rs10011540 (c.

The correlation between two potentially antagonistic human adipocytokines, WISP-1 and CTRP1, and their association with insulin resistance.

Introduction And Objective: Wnt-1 signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP-1) and complement-C1q TNF-related protein 1 (CTRP1) are adipokines with possible opposite effects in regulating insulin sensitivity. The study investigated the correlation between circulating WISP-1 and CTRP1 in non-diabetic patients. Correlations between adipokines concentrations and biochemical and anthropometric parameters were also studied.

The Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation on Densitometric Parameters in Overweight and Obese Women-A Randomised Controlled Trial.

: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) can improve bone health in animals, yet the effects on humans have not been consistent. Therefore, this parallel randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the effect of CLA supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) in overweight or obese women. : The study population included 74 women who were divided into the CLA ( = 37) and control ( = 37) groups.

The Long-Term Effect of Maternal Obesity on the Cardiovascular Health of the Offspring-Systematic Review.

Maternal obesity may affect offspring's cardiovascular health. Our literature search using PubMed, Web of Sciences included original English research and Google Scholar articles published over the past ten years, culminating in 96 articles in this topic. A mother's obesity during pregnancy has a negative impact on the cardiovascular risk for their offspring.

Does gut microbiota affect the success of weight loss? Evidence and speculation.

Obesity is a chronic state of excessive fat accumulation in the body, characterized by significant relapse and complicated by a range of health consequences. In the treatment of obesity, a holistic approach including diet, physical activity, pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery, and psychological support is recommended. The implications of gut microbiota (GM) as a pathogenic factor in excess body weight have been discussed, and microbial-targeted therapies-including probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics-are considered adjuvant in obesity management.