Quantitative Parameters Relevant for Diabetic Macular Edema Evaluation by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the main ocular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) that can lead to important vision loss in diabetic patients. In clinical practice, there are cases of DME with unsatisfying treatment responses, despite adequate therapeutic management. Diabetic macular ischemia (DMI) is one of the causes suggested to be associated with the persistence of fluid accumulation.

Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

: Retromode is a relatively new retinal-imaging technique that is based on the transillumination principle and is obtained with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope that uses light in the infrared spectrum. The laser light penetrates into the deep retinal layers and the choroid. Retromode images are captured with a laterally displaced aperture, and the detector captures only the scattered light.

Further advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy - a review.

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), is one of the most frequent mitochondrial diseases characterized by Retinal Ganglion Cells degeneration. Pathogenic gene mutations in LHON induces mitochondrial impairment, which in turn leads to insufficient mitochondrial ATP production. The pathologic hallmark of the disease is primary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells, which results in optic nerve atrophy.

Difficulties in choosing the right intraocular lens in a previously vitrectomized patient - the role of the tear film.

We present the difficulties in choosing the right IOL, when facing a great variability of the keratometric measurements, in the case of a patient operated for epiretinal membrane and lamellar macular hole, who developed complicated cataract in the operated eye. Upon commencing the biometric measurements, inconsistency in keratometric values led to further investigations. Repeated placido disc topography initially showed corneal ectasia, which posed a problem on selecting the right type of intra-ocular lens.

Lens-induced uveitis in a patient with hypermature cataract.

Our paper aims to report an unusual case of phacogenic uveitis with secondary glaucoma occurring after spontaneous rupture of the lens capsule in a patient with hypermature age-related cataract, to describe its particularities and to review the classification of the lens-induced uveitis. We described the case of an 83-year-old male with a history of hypermature cataract, who presented to our clinic for right eye pain. Examination revealed circumciliary congestion, diffuse corneal edema, lens debris floating in the anterior chamber, pseudohypopyon and the opacification of the whole lens.

Femtosecond-LASIK outcomes using the VisuMax-MEL 80 platform for hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism refractive surgery.

The present study evaluated the efficacy, the safety and the predictability of the Femtosecond laser-assisted keratomileusis (Femto-LASIK) procedure for hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism. We retrospectively analyzed the postoperative 12-month evolution of 593 eyes with hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism that underwent Femto-LASIK treatment. The procedure was predictable and effective.

Toric intraocular lens implantation - atypical cases.

To describe the results of toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in three atypical cases (four eyes) with cataract and corneal astigmatism: one with bilateral keratoconus, one with pellucid marginal degeneration and one with buphthalmos due to congenital glaucoma. Three patients (four eyes) with corneal astigmatism (one with bilateral keratoconus, one with pellucid marginal degeneration and one with buphthalmos due to congenital glaucoma) underwent cataract surgery by standard phacoemulsification and the implantation of toric IOLs in the capsular bag. The presence of corneal astigmatism was identified by automated keratometry and confirmed by Scheimpflug-based corneal tomography.

Corneal topography in preoperative evaluation for laser keratorefractive surgery - a review.

Corneal topography is a mandatory investigation in the preoperative evaluation of the patient candidate for laser keratorefractive surgery, in order to assess the corneal shape, to determine the radii of curvature and the corneal thickness. Abnormal corneal topography is the most important identifiable risk factor for corneal ectasia. This paper reviews the principles of successive generations of topographers and illustrates several normal and abnormal corneal topographies.

Cumulative visual impact of two coagulability disorders: A case report.

Cumulative visual impact of two coagulability disorders were reviewed by presenting a case of a young female patient with a spontaneous abortion and two thromboembolic events in 8 years, whose visual function was severely affected. The particularities of her genetic constellation regarding the retinal circulation are also discussed. The patient developed a central retinal artery occlusion in the right eye during pregnancy in 2010, which led to an extended hematological workup that revealed presence of MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C heterozygote mutations.

Accuracy of five intraocular lens formulas in eyes with trifocal lens implant.

Accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas SRK/T, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Haigis and Barrett Universal II were compared in prediction of postoperative refraction for multifocal and implants using a single optical biometry device. The authors included 88 refractive lens exchange and cataract surgeries, with AcrySof IQ PanOptix implant (Alcon Laboratories, Inc.).

Intraoperative flap-related complications in FemtoLASIK surgeries performed with Visumax femtosecond laser: A ten-year Romanian experience.

Incidence and clinical results of intraoperative flap and interface-related complications were investigated after Femtosecond-LASIK surgery, where flap creation was performed with VisuMax femtosecond laser. A retrospective 10-year cohort study was conducted including all eyes treated for all refractive errors by Femtosecond-LASIK technique. All the flaps were made by the same refractive surgeon with the VisuMax (Carl Zeiss Meditec) femtosecond laser.

Bevacizumab in Wet AMD treatment: A tribute to the thirteen years of experience from the beginning of the anti-VEGF era in Romania.

This study aimed to identify and describe anatomical and functional changes on short (1-3 months) and medium (6-12 months) term after intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech) in patients with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in the context of exudative form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We performed a retrospective, analytical, interventional study, based on a series of cases with exudative form of AMD, which also comprised a prospective component related to the inclusion and treatment of the patients with a very new interventional method for that time (2006) and the follow-up of the effects of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (1.25 mg) therapy in three monthly doses for short (1-3 months) and medium (6-18 months) periods of time.

Bilateral Central Retinal Vein Occlusion, multiple dental implants and severe glomerulonephtitis - Any connection?

We present a case of Bilateral Central Retinal Vein Occlusion in a patient who received 11 dental implants and later developed idiopathic glomerulonephritis with renal failure.

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy - Case Discussion.

To report a case of a young patient with a clinical condition suggestive of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) confirmed by genetic testing. We present a case of a 21-year-old Caucasian male with bilateral visual loss. The patient complained of visual loss, initially in the right eye and two weeks thereafter in the left eye.

New perspectives in the use of laser diode transscleral cyclophotocoagulation. A prospective single center observational cohort study.

Purpose: The paper intends to present the results of using new methods of a new generation diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) in patients with different types of glaucoma.

Patients, Materials And Methods: There have been treated 53 eyes from 59 patients with glaucoma refractory to medical, laser or surgical treatment. We have used the newest generation of 810 nm wavelength diode laser.

Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy - Case report.

We present a case of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NA-AION) with uncertain etiology but a good recovery with a total gain of central visual acuity.

Bilateral papillary oedema - case report.

Objective: We report one case of malignant high blood pressure with no systemic signs but with ocular complaints.

Methods: The paper presents the case of a 31-year-old male who complained of sudden loss of visual acuity in both eyes. The ophthalmological examination revealed bilateral papillary oedema.

Femtosecond-LASIK outcomes using the VisuMax®-MEL® 80 platform for mixed astigmatism refractive surgery.

Aim: To evaluate the predictability, efficacy and safety of Femtosecond-laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedure for mixed astigmatism.

Patients, Materials And Methods: We prospectively evaluated for 12 months 74 eyes (52 patients) with mixed astigmatism that underwent Femtosecond-LASIK treatment. The preoperative mean refractive sphere value was +1.

Scheimpflug topographical changes after Femtosecond LASIK for mixed astigmatism - theoretical aspects and case study.

To evaluate the corneal topographical changes after Femtosecond-LASIK surgery in eyes with mixed astigmatism. We present the analysis of the corneal Scheimpflug topographies of a patient treated with Femtosecond-LASIK technique for bilateral mixed astigmatism. Three-dimensional reconstruction maps and differential anterior curvature maps were used to demonstrate the ablation profile and its stability in time.

One year refractive outcomes of Femtosecond-LASIK in mild, moderate and high myopia.

To evaluate the safety, efficacy, predictability and stability for a cohort of myopic eyes treated by Femtosecond-LASIK procedure. 60 eyes (36 patients) with different degrees of myopia that underwent refractive surgery by using the Femtosecond-LASIK technique were prospectively evaluated for 12 months. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent value was -3.

Pseudo-Foster Kennedy Syndrome - a case report.

To report a case of Pseudo-Foster Kennedy (PFK) syndrome and describe its clinical and paraclinical particularities, as well as the diagnostic difficulties and established treatment. The case of a 60-year-old male patient with sudden, painless visual impairment in the left eye (LE), and a medical history of old optic nerve atrophy in his right eye (RE) was described. The diagnosis of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) was established based on the medical history, local and general clinical and paraclinical examination, and temporal artery biopsy.

Clinical particularities in an atypical case of retinitis pigmentosa.

We present a case of Retinitis Pigmentosa with atypical aspect of fundus (Punctata Albescens), associated with Cystoid Macular Oedema and Optic Disc Drusen.

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY AND HISTOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF NORMAL CORNEA.

The evaluation of the cornea through confocal microscopy is a revolutionary non-invasive technique, which provides the ophthalmologist the histological and cytological in vivo images of the cornea, similar to those obtained through conventional histochemical methods. The current paper tries to prove and justify the similarity between the histological section model and the images obtained through confocal scanning, reflecting our experience with HRT II Cornea module.

[The use of iontophoresis in corneal crosslinking technique].

Iontophoresis is a method of facilitating the penetration of a drug through an intact tissue in the presence of an low intensity electrical current. In corneal crosslinking technique, iontophoresis is used for transepitelial impregnation of cornea with riboflavin. Compared to passive technique of corneal impregnation, iontophoresis shortens the time needed for impregnation, the time of exposure to UVA radiation and does not require de-epithelialisation.