Laparoscopy in Abdominal Emergencies. Romanian Association for Endoscopic Surgery Consensus. Part I (Trauma).

laparoscopy has emerged as a pivotal tool for the management of acute abdominal pathologies. It provides diagnostic and therapeutic advantages, enabling surgeons to evaluate and address diverse acute abdominal conditions using minimally invasive techniques. The aim of this consensus was to obtain evidence-based guidance for surgeons regarding the utilization of laparoscopy in emergency medical settings, and has been divided into trauma and non-trauma emergencies.

IL-1α, IL-6 and IL-8 serum values in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media.

Inflammatory mediators play an important role in the pathogenesis of otitis media by initiating and maintaining an inflammatory response to infection. The presence of inflammatory mediators may be one of the reasons, in some patients, for acute otitis media transforming into chronic otitis media. The present study included 60 patients admitted to the Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi, Romania, for surgery.

Clinical Impact of Stump Closure Reinforced With Hemopatch on the Prevention of Clinically Relevant Pancreatic Fistula After Distal Pancreatectomy: A Multicenter Randomized Trial.

Introduction: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most dreaded complication after distal pancreatectomy (DP). This multicenter randomized trial evaluated the efficacy, safety, and tolerance of Hemopatch in preventing clinically relevant (grades B/C according to the ISGPS classification) POPF after DP.

Material And Methods: After stump closure, patients were randomized to affix Hemopatch to the stump or not.

SRED-ARCE Recommendations for Minimally Invasive Interventions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romania.

The Romanian Society of Digestive Endoscopy (SRED) and the Romanian Association of Endoscopic Surgery (ARCE) have decided to establish a joint working group to elaborate specific recommendations for organizing the diagnostic and the minimally invasive interventional procedures, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The recommendations are based on the guidelines of the international societies of endoscopy and gastroenterology (ESGE / BSG / ASGE / ACG / AGA), respectively endoscopic surgery (EAES SAGES) (4-8), on the experience of countries severely affected by the pandemic (Italy, France, Spain, USA, Germany, etc.) and they will be applied within the limits of measures imposed at local and governmental level by the competent authorities.

The Bucharest ESTES consensus statement on peritonitis.

Introduction: Peritonitis is still an important health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality. A multidisciplinary approach to the management of patients with peritonitis may be an important factor to reduce the risks for patients and improve efficiency, outcome, and the cost of care.

Methods: Expert panel discussion on Peritonitis was held in Bucharest on May 2017, during the 17th ECTES Congress, involving surgeons, infectious disease specialists, radiologists and intensivists with the goal of defining recommendations for the optimal management of peritonitis.

Modulation of the activity of certain genes involved in tumor cell metabolism in the presence of the cytotoxic peptides defensin and cathelicidin LL37.

It is common knowledge that some natural antimicrobial peptides also have a tumoricidal effect. We have shown that the peptides defensin and cathelicidin LL37 have cytostatic effects on human tumor cell lines HT29 (colorectal carcinoma) and A549 (alveolar carcinoma). In order to determine the modulating mechanism of these peptides we assessed the gene expression of the and molecular targets involved in the survival, growth, proliferation and apoptosis pathways of tumor cells in the presence or absence of the studied peptides.

A Rare Case of Intestinal Obstruction in an Elderly Woman.

Among intestinal obstruction, intussusception is one of the rare mechanical causes in the adult period. When it is met it present with abdominal pain, vomiting and other symptoms compatible with intestinal obstruction varying on the segments being involved. Compared to pediatric invagination which it is mostly idiopathic the adult form has an organic etiology causing a blurred symptomatology and needing advanced imaging diagnosis like computerized tomography.

"Mending A Broken Heart!" (a few technical tips on repairing penetrating trauma to the heart).

During the history operative repair of cardiac injuries was considered to be unmanageable and the first successful cardiomiorraphy was performed just around a century ago. Tamponade, more frequently than exsanguination are cause of death in penetrating cardiac trauma. This is a usualy lethal injury and those surviving to hospital have an overall mortality approaching 80%.

Highlighted Steps of the Management Algorithm in Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding - Case Reports and Literature Review.

Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding is a major problem worldwide, being a rare and life threatening condition, with a mortality rate situated between 2 and 4%. Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding is solvent for 1 - 2% of the entire hospital emergencies, 15% presenting as massive bleeding and up to 5% requiring surgery. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding can be classified depending on their location in the small or large intestine.

Laparoscopy in penetrating abdominal trauma.

If morbidity and mortality are to be reduced in patients with penetrating abdominal trauma, first priority goes to prompt and accurate determination of peritoneal penetration and identification of the need for surgery. In this setting, laparoscopy may have an important impact on the rate of negative or non-therapeutic laparotomies. We analyzed indications and patient selection criteria for laparoscopy in penetrating trauma along with outcomes.

Atomically thin heterostructures based on single-layer tungsten diselenide and graphene.

Heterogeneous engineering of two-dimensional layered materials, including metallic graphene and semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides, presents an exciting opportunity to produce highly tunable electronic and optoelectronic systems. In order to engineer pristine layers and their interfaces, epitaxial growth of such heterostructures is required. We report the direct growth of crystalline, monolayer tungsten diselenide (WSe2) on epitaxial graphene (EG) grown from silicon carbide.

Rotational disorder in twisted bilayer graphene.

Conventional means of stacking two-dimensional (2D) crystals inevitably leads to imperfections. To examine the ramifications of these imperfections, rotational disorder and strain are quantified in twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) using a combination of Raman spectroscopic and low-energy electron diffraction imaging. The twist angle between TBG layers varies on the order of 2° within large (50-100 μm) single-crystalline grains, resulting in changes of the emergent Raman response by over an order of magnitude.

Measurement of electronic states of PbS nanocrystal quantum dots using scanning tunneling spectroscopy: the role of parity selection rules in optical absorption.

We study the structure of electronic states in individual PbS nanocrystal quantum dots by scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) using one-to-two monolayer nanocrystal films treated with 1, 2-ethanedithiols (EDT). Up to six individual valence and conduction band states are resolved for a range of quantum dot sizes. The measured states' energies are in good agreement with calculations using the k · p four-band envelope function formalism.

Electronic hybridization of large-area stacked graphene films.

Direct, tunable coupling between individually assembled graphene layers is a next step toward designer two-dimensional (2D) crystal systems, with relevance for fundamental studies and technological applications. Here we describe the fabrication and characterization of large-area (>cm(2)), coupled bilayer graphene on SiO(2)/Si substrates. Stacking two graphene films leads to direct electronic interactions between layers, where the resulting film properties are determined by the local twist angle.

Molecular self-assembly of functionalized fullerenes on a metal surface.

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the self-assembly of C60 molecules functionalized with long alkane chains on the (111) surface of silver. We find that the conformation of the functionalized C60 changes upon adsorption on Ag(111) and that the unit cell size in the self-assembled monolayer is determined by the interactions between the functional groups. We show that C60 molecules can be assembled in ordered 2D arrays with intermolecular distances much larger than those in compact C60 layers, and propose a novel way to control the surface pattern by appropriate chemical functionalization.

An ultrahigh vacuum fast-scanning and variable temperature scanning tunneling microscope for large scale imaging.

We describe the design and performance of a fast-scanning, variable temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM) operating from 80 to 700 K in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), which routinely achieves large scale atomically resolved imaging of compact metallic surfaces. An efficient in-vacuum vibration isolation and cryogenic system allows for no external vibration isolation of the UHV chamber. The design of the sample holder and STM head permits imaging of the same nanometer-size area of the sample before and after sample preparation outside the STM base.

Low-energy acoustic plasmons at metal surfaces.

Nearly two-dimensional (2D) metallic systems formed in charge inversion layers and artificial layered materials permit the existence of low-energy collective excitations, called 2D plasmons, which are not found in a three-dimensional (3D) metal. These excitations have caused considerable interest because their low energy allows them to participate in many dynamical processes involving electrons and phonons, and because they might mediate the formation of Cooper pairs in high-transition-temperature superconductors. Metals often support electronic states that are confined to the surface, forming a nearly 2D electron-density layer.

Self-organized nanotemplating on misfit dislocation networks investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy.

Self-ordering growth of nanoarrays on strained metallic interfaces is an attractive option for preparing highly ordered nanotemplates. The great potential of this natural templating approach is that symmetry, feature sizes, and density are predicted to depend on the interfacial stress in these strained layers, which can be adjusted by changing the substrate-thin film composition, temperature, and adlayer coverage. This bottom-up approach of growing nanostructured two-dimensional ordered arrays of clusters on the misfit dislocation networks of strained metallic thin films and surfaces requires a detailed understanding of the nucleation and film-adsorbate interaction processes.