Purpose: The vertical level of carotid bifurcation (CB) is commonly indicated at the superior margin of the thyroid cartilage. Few studies observed the CB vertical topography. It was aimed at studying the vertical location of the CB as referred to vertebral and anterior cervical landmarks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Anatomical variants of the left renal vein (LRV), such as the retroaortic (RLRV) and circumaortic (CLRV) course, are of surgical importance. Different morphological and topographical possibilities of the RLRV could occur. It was aimed at documenting the anatomical variables of the RLRV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostics (Basel)
October 2023
(1) Background: Twisted carotid bifurcations (CBs) lead to lateralized external carotid arteries (ECAs). Such variants are usually reported on a case-by-case basis. We aimed to study the anatomical possibilities of the axial spin of CB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF: The carotid bifurcation (CB) is presented in most anatomy textbooks as having a unique location at the upper margin of the thyroid cartilage. Although a number of case reports have provided evidence of the possibility of carotid artery location either lateral or medial to the greater hyoid horn, these reports have not established specific anatomic possibilities and prevalences. : We retrospectively analysed a batch of 147 CT angiograms for 12 types of carotid-hyoid relationships and classified the bilateral combination possibilities of these types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(1) Background. The vertebral level of origin (VLO) of the celiac trunk (CT) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) has been scarcely investigated. (2) Method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe rare anatomic variants of the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery include the hepatosplenic, hepatosplenomesenteric (HSMT), celiacomesenteric, hepatomesenteric and gastrosplenic trunks. We report a 72-year-old female patient whose computed tomography angiograms indicated a rare anatomic feature whereby the right inferior phrenic artery was inserted in the origin of an HSMT, thus modifying it into a hepatosplenomesentericophrenic trunk (HSMPT). Above the HSMPT, the insertion of the left inferior phrenic artery in the origin of the left gastric artery determined a left gastrophrenic trunk (GPT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The celiac trunk (CT) commonly trifurcates into the left gastric artery, common hepatic artery (CHA), and splenic artery (SA). The CHA then sends off the proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery (GDA). The arcades of the head of the pancreas are celiacomesenteric anastomoses between branches of the GDA and the superior mesenteric artery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Commonly, but not exclusively, the celiac trunk (CT) trifurcates into the left gastric (LGA), common hepatic (CHA) and splenic (SA) arteries. Additional branches of the CT are scarcely reported in the literature. Less than ten reports were found presenting patterns of pentafurcation of the CT (pCT), all being resulted after anatomic dissections.
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