[Role of amygdalar nuclei in alimentary and defensive conditioned reflexes in the rat].

Ninety experimentally naive male white rats were divided into groups with lateral (AL), medial (AME) and central (ACE) amygdalar nuclei lesions, sham-operated and normal controls. The AL-rats showed a facilitation of instrumental conditioned alimentary reflexes (CAR) acquisition and retardation of initial avoidance learning in a shuttle box; the AME-rats exhibited a slower acquisition of the CAR and a facilitation of avoidance conditioning; in the ACE-rats acquisition of the CAR was the same as in controls but avoidance performance was significantly impaired as compared with all experimental groups. It has been assumed that functional non-identity of the amygdalar nuclei in alimentary and avoidance behaviour is caused by dominant drive and by presence of "specific" amygdalar neurones participating in functional systems of the studied behavioural reactions.

[Muscular myosin structural and functional changes during interaction with ATP and bivalent ions].

The interaction of myosin with ATP and bivalent ions is shown to cause changes in myosin ultraviolet fluorescence. Such a change is more significant for myosin of skeletal muscles than for that of smooth muscles. Kinetics of the fluorescence change has a phase of a sharp rise immediately after ATP addition and a phase of a slow decrease of fluorescence.

[Internal inhibition in rats after destruction of amygdaloid complex nuclei].

In experiments on male albino rats bilateral lesions of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) impaired extinction and differentiation of the food-procuring conditioned reflexes where as bilateral corticomedial (CMA) lesions had no effect on them. The BLA damage caused a significant impairment of the aversive stimuli discrimination but had no effect on the extinction of the conditioned avoidance reflex in a shuttle-box. The CMA lesions in both hemispheres led to attenuation of aversive stimuli discrimination and delay of avoidance extinction.

[Effect of destruction of the basolateral portion and medial nuclei of the amygdaloid complex on defensive conditioned reflexes in rats].

Bilateral ablations of the basolateral part and medial nuclei of the amygdala in albino rats caused opposite changes in active avoidance acquisition and consolidation, emotional intensity level (fear) and "open field" activity. In intact animals the basolateral part of the amygdala produced facilitation while medial nuclei caused inhibition of the shuttlebox avoidance reactions, aggressiveness and general "emotionality" (fear-motivated behaviour).

Functional significance of different amygdalar areas in performance of instrumental conditioned alimentary reflexes in rats.

Bilateral lesions of the basolateral amygdala caused facilitation of instrumental alimentary conditioned reflexes while bilateral cortico-medial amygdala damage produced inhibition of conditioned responses. The most rapid learning was in rats after basolateral lesions whereas the cortico-medial rats required more trials to criterion than controls. In basolateral rats the largest number of intertrial responses were found, while cortico-medial rats had a small number of ITR in criterion sessions.

[Complex form of adaptive behavior in rats].

Two problems have been dealth with: a) are rats able by self-learning to form purposive associations, involving elements of reasoning object activity and b) at what age period are they most capable of purposive tool activity. The experiments were performed on 55 rats aged from two to three, five to six and eight to ten months. It was established that tool activity in rats appeared on the 14th to 34th experimental day in 14.

[Effect of ablation of the basolateral and corticomedial portions of the amygdala on the performance of food-getting conditioned reflexes in rats].

In experiments on 66 albino rats an electrolytic coagulation of the basolateral amygdala caused facilitation while that of the corticomedial amygdala caused inhibition of alimentary conditioned reflexes. The corticomedial amygdala forms a part of the excitatory and the basolateral amygdala--of the inhibitory system of the rat's brain. In intact rats the basolateral amygdala function dominates over the corticomedial amygdala activity in feeding behaviour.

[Preparation and the properties of a highly purified preparation of myosin from smooth muscles].

Myosin was isolated from the smooth muscles of small intestine of calf with good yield and its properties were compared with the myosin's properties from the skeletal rabbit muscle. The crude myosin was purified by means of DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, using a KCl gradient. The purity of the preparations was checked spectrophotometrically by the densities of adsorption D280/D260, viscosimmetrically by the sensitivity to ATP, electrophoretically and by ultracentrifugation.

[A study of the contractions of a model of smooth muscle in an automated analog of Wiener's medium].

The simplest structure and the main moments of smooth muscle contractile activity are presented in terms of theory of the automata and logarithmic language ALGOL-60, the separate smooth muscle cell thus corresponding to the Moor automaton, and the muscle tissue -- to the combination of automata forming the cell automatic analog of excitable Winner's medium. Functioning of the automatic smooth muscle model was studied on "Mir-2" and "M 220-M" computers. The smooth muscle cells are dissimilar by the duration of refractory period, period of stimulation, ability of spontaneous activity, or excitability.

[Electrical reaction of olfactory structure and the amygdaloid complex of the brain of dogs in a paradoxical stage of sleep].

Electrical activity of the olfactory bulb, olfactory tubercle amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus and neocortex during physiological sleep was studied in chronic experiments in unanesthetized unrestrained dogs;A synchronous high-frequency sinusoidal rhythm of 36-42 Hz was found in the amygdala and olfactory structures in the paradoxical phase of sleepmthis olfacto-amygdaloid rhythm, unlike that of aroused animals, was not the result of olfactory stimulation and persisted in dogs with trachael breathing; Its generation is probably of central origin; A comparison of the dynamics of this electrical activity with somatic, autonomic and teeg-correlates of sleep gives reasons to regard the olfacto-amygdaloid rhythm of 36-42 Hz as a specific EEG-correlate of the paradoxical sleep stage in dogs