Efficacy and safety of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel plus carboplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for stages III-IV, unresectable ovarian cancer: a single-arm, open-label, phase Ib/II study.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be considered for patients with ovarian cancer (OC) whose tumors are deemed unlikely to be completely cytoreduced to no gross residual disease (R0) or who are poor surgical candidates. This Ib/II study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) plus carboplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for stages III-IV, unresectable OC.

Methods: Eligible patients with stage III-IV, unresectable OC were enrolled in this phase Ib/II study.

Camrelizumab plus apatinib in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer after failure of at least one prior systemic therapy (CAP 04): a single-arm phase II trial.

Background: The combination of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors is an effective treatment strategy in endometrial cancer. We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib as an alternative therapeutic option in patients with previously treated endometrial cancer.

Methods: This single-arm Simon's two-stage phase II trial was conducted at the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center.

Anlotinib in patients with recurrent platinum resistant/refractory ovarian cancer: a prospective, single arm, phase II study.

Objective: This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib in patients with platinum resistant/refractory ovarian cancer.

Methods: In this prospective, single arm, phase II study, patients with platinum resistant/refractory ovarian cancer received anlotinib (12 mg once daily; days 1-14; 21 days per cycle) until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or study withdrawal. The study was conducted between May 2019 and May 2021.

Genomic profiling of ovarian clear cell carcinoma in Chinese patients reveals potential prognostic biomarkers for survival.

Introduction: Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) has distinct clinical and molecular features and heterogeneous prognosis. Insights into the somatic genomic abnormalities of OCCC provide the basis for deeper understanding and potential therapeutic avenues. Herein, we performed extensive genomic profiling in Chinese patients to illustrate the mutation landscape and genetic prognostic biomarkers of OCCC.

A Mutation Found in a Newly Established Ovarian Cancer Cell Line (FDOVL) Promotes Lymph Node Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer.

Peritoneal implantation and lymph node metastasis have different driving mechanisms in ovarian cancer. Elucidating the underlying mechanism of lymph node metastasis is important for treatment outcomes. A new cell line, FDOVL, was established from a metastatic lymph node of a patient with primary platinum-resistant ovarian cancer and was then characterized.

Characterization of hotspot exonuclease domain mutations in the DNA polymerase ϵ gene in endometrial cancer.

Objective: This study was aimed to profile hotspot exonuclease domain mutations (EDMs) of the DNA polymerase ϵ gene () in endometrial cancer (EC) and to investigate the effects of EDMs on tumor cell behavior and catalytic activities of Polϵ.

Methods: sequencing was performed in tumor tissue samples from patients with EC to identify hotspot EDMs. Bioinformatics tools were used to select the potential pathogenic EDMs.

Hysteroscopic Curettage Followed by Megestrol Acetate Plus Metformin as a Fertility-Sparing Treatment for Women with Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia or Well-Differentiated Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma.

Background: In reproductive-aged women, the incidence of atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) or endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC) is rising globally. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of hysteroscopic curettage followed by megestrol acetate (MA) plus metformin as conservative treatment in AEH and early EEC.

Methods: We retrospectively studied AEH and stage IA, grade 1 EEC patients treated with hysteroscopic curettage followed by MA (160 mg/d) plus metformin (1500 mg/d) from January 2010 to December 2020 at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center.

The frequency and clinical implication of mismatch repair protein deficiency in Chinese patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of deficient mismatch repair (MMR) in Chinese ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) patients and its association with clinicopathologic features.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry with four antibodies against MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 was performed on whole section slides, and the results were correlated with clinicopathologic variables.

Results: A total of 108 cases were included in the present study with a median age of 52 years at first diagnosis.

Identification of epigenetic genes for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response of ovarian cancer.

Background: Epigenetic factors play a critical role in tumour development and progression. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a robust epigenetic gene set-based signature for predicting prognosis of ovarian cancer.

Methods: By using LASSO Cox regression model, we screened out the most useful prognostic epigenetic factors and a prognostic signature was developed based on them.

Fibrinogen/albumin ratio as a promising predictor of platinum response and survival in ovarian clear cell carcinoma.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the role of the fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR) in predicting platinum resistance and survival outcomes of patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC).

Methods: Coagulation function and D-dimer, serum albumin, CA125 and HE4 levels were measured before surgery in OCCC patients undergoing initial surgery in our institution. FAR was calculated as fibrinogen/albumin level.

Integrative genomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals immune subtypes and prognostic markers in ovarian clear cell carcinoma.

Background: We performed an integrative genomic and transcriptomic profiling to identify molecular subtypes and prognostic markers with special focus on immune-related pathways.

Methods: Totally, 50 Chinese patients were subjected to targeted next-generation sequencing and transcriptomic sequencing.

Results: Two distinct subgroups were identified as immune (22.

Exploration of Potential Diagnostic Value of Protein Content in Serum Small Extracellular Vesicles for Early-Stage Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma.

Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies with a high mortality rate. Serum biomarkers and imaging approaches are insufficient in identifying EOC patients at an early stage. This study is to set up a combination of proteins from serum small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) for the diagnosis of early-stage EOC and to determine its performance.

Changes in peripheral lymphocyte populations in patients with advanced/recurrent ovarian cancer undergoing splenectomy during cytoreductive surgery.

Background: To investigate changes in peripheral lymphocyte subsets after splenectomy during cytoreductive surgery for advanced or recurrent ovarian cancers.

Methods: We enrolled 83 patients with advanced or recurrent ovarian cancer who underwent cytoreductive surgery. Twenty patients who also underwent splenectomy were assigned to the splenectomy cohort and the rest were assigned to the non-splenectomy cohort.

Hybrid Capture-based Genomic Profiling of Circulating Tumor DNA From Patients With Advanced Ovarian .

We conducted this study to characterize somatic genomic alterations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from patients with ovarian cancer and compare GAs detected in ctDNA with tissue databases. Hybrid capture-next generation sequencing genomic profiling of 150 genes was performed on ctDNA from 138 patients with ovarian cancer with 1,500× sequencing depth. The GAs detected in ctDNA were compared with those in our ovarian cancer tissue database (N = 488) and the Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (N = 489).

A preoperative prediction model for predicting coexisting adnexa malignancy of patients with G1/G2 endometrioid endometrial cancer.

Objective: To identify the predictors of coexisting adnexa malignancy (CAM) before surgery for patients with G1/G2 endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).

Methods: Patients with G1/G2 EEC who received surgery in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from 1996 to 2017 were enrolled. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify the predictors for CAM, and the nomogram was constructed and evaluated the discrimination and calibration.

Serum D-dimer, albumin and systemic inflammatory response markers in ovarian clear cell carcinoma and their prognostic implications.

Background: This study attempts to evaluate whether preoperative systemic inflammatory response (SIR) markers or other hematological variables, such as albumin, D-dimer, and carbohydrate antigen 125, play roles in predicting chemotherapy response and survival outcome in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC).

Methods: Preoperative leukocyte differential counts, as well as platelet, serum albumin, plasma D-dimer and CA-125 levels, were measured in patients with FIGO IC-IV ovarian clear cell cancer. The correlations of these hematological biomarkers with clinicopathological features, chemotherapy response, and survival outcomes were further analyzed.

Nomogram for Predicting Recurrence-Free Survival in Chinese Women with Endometrial Cancer after Initial Therapy: External Validation.

This study aimed at developing an available recurrence-free survival (RFS) model of endometrial cancer (EC) for accurate and individualized prognosis assessment. A training cohort of 520 women with EC who underwent initial surgical treatment and an external validation cohort of 445 eligible EC patients from 2006 to 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to develop nomograms for predicting recurrence.

Plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and recurrence of endometrial cancer.

Background: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were proposed to have potential effects against inflammation and cancer. However, results from epidemiology studies remain inconsistent. We aimed to explore the associations of plasma PUFAs with EC recurrence and all-cause mortality.

Methylation‑associated silencing of miR‑638 promotes endometrial carcinoma progression by targeting MEF2C.

Promoter methylation‑associated silencing of cancer‑associated microRNAs (miRNAs) is a common epigenetic mechanism during tumorigenesis in various types of human cancer. However, this has not been comprehensively examined in endometrial carcinoma (EC). In the present study, an miRNA microarray consisting of 1,347 common human miRNAs was used to select potential tumor suppressive miRNAs that were hyper‑methylated in EC.

Association between DNA damage repair gene somatic mutations and immune-related gene expression in ovarian cancer.

Background: Defects in DNA damage repair (DDR) system may lead to genomic instability and manifest as increased immunogenicity. DDR deficiency is prevalent in ovarian cancer (OvCa); however, the association of DDR mutation with immune profiles in OvCa remains largely unknown. This knowledge will provide an essential basis to the rational design of biomarker-guided immune combination therapy of OvCa in the future.

An Externally Validated Nomogram for Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis of Presumed Stage I and II Endometrial Cancer.

Optimal management for endometrial cancer in patients with clinically negative lymph nodes is still under debate. Several prediction models for lymphatic dissemination of early-stage endometrial cancer have been developed. However, external validation is rare, and decision curve analysis has hardly been applied for these models.

Screening for hereditary cancers in patients with endometrial cancer reveals a high frequency of germline mutations in cancer predisposition genes.

As inherited genetic alterations are important etiological factors causing endometrial cancer (EC), our study aimed to outline the ethnic-related prevalence and the associated clinical and biological characteristics of germline mutations in cancer predisposition genes in Chinese EC patients. One hundred ninety-eight Chinese EC patients were screened for germline mutations in a panel of cancer susceptibility genes using next-generation sequencing combined with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. First, we found that among patients under 50 years of age, 26% (18/69) carried germline genetic mutations, all involving mismatch repair (MMR) genes except for one mutation affecting BRCA1.

Dietary fat intake and endometrial cancer risk: A dose response meta-analysis.

Since body fatness is a convincing risk factor for endometrial cancer, dietary fat intake was speculated to be associated with endometrial cancer risk. However, epidemiological studies are inconclusive. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the associations between dietary fat intake and endometrial cancer risk.

Construction and functional analysis of an anti-human cervical carcinoma/anti-human CD3 single-chain bispecific antibody.

The aim of the present study was to construct a single-chain bispecific antibody (scBsAb) against cervical carcinoma and to investigate its biological activities. The scBsAb was constructed using a genetic cloning technique and antigen binding activities were detected by ELISA. The iodogen method was used to analyze the pharmacokinetics.

Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis in Endometrial Cancer Using Serum CA125 Combined with Immunohistochemical Markers PR and Ki67, and a Comparison with Other Prediction Models.

We aimed to evaluate the value of immunohistochemical markers and serum CA125 in predicting the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in women with endometrial cancer and to identify a low-risk group of LNM. The medical records of 370 patients with endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical staging in the Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University were collected and retrospectively reviewed. Immunohistochemical markers were screened.