Pesticides in a warmer world: Effects of glyphosate and warming across insect life stages.

Glyphosate (GLY) is a broad-spectrum herbicide that is the most commonly applied pesticide in terrestrial ecosystems in the U.S. and, potentially, worldwide.

Island biogeography and human practices drive ecological connectivity in mosquito species richness in the Lakshadweep Archipelago.

Mosquitoes are globally distributed and adapted to a broad range of environmental conditions. As obligatory hosts of many infectious pathogens, mosquito abundance and distribution are primarily determined by the presence and quality of larval habitats. To understand the dynamics and productivity of larval habitats in changing island environments, we conducted a four-month mosquito survey across ten inhabited islands in the Lakshadweep archipelago.

The Expression of Proto-Oncogene () Plays a Central Role in the Oncogenic Mechanism Involved in the Development and Progression of Prostate Cancer.

The () is proto-oncogene that is classified as a member of the transcription factor family, which has been found to be consistently overexpressed in about half of the patients with clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa). The overexpression of can mostly be attributed to the fusion of the and () genes, and this fusion is estimated to represent about 85% of all gene fusions observed in prostate cancer. Clinically, individuals with gene fusion are mostly documented to have advanced tumor stages, increased mortality, and higher rates of metastasis in non-surgical cohorts.

Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: Long-Term Treatment Outcomes and Cost-Analysis from a Retrospective Study of High-Dose Methotrexate Based Chemoimmunotherapy and Reduced Dose Radiation Therapy Approach.

Standard treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) in countries with limited resources remains conventional chemotherapy, with or without whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT). To evaluate the treatment outcomes, prognostic factors and costs in patients with PCNSL treated with high-dose Methotrexate, vincristine and procarbazine, plus Rituximab (MVP-R) followed by consolidation with reduced dose () WBRT and Cytarabine chemotherapy. We conducted an institutional audit of the first line treatment of patients with PCNSL, who were treated with MVP-R regimen, WBRT, or both between September 2011 and January 2020.

Efficacy of Chitosan and Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on Dental Plaque and Gingival Inflammation: A Systematic Review.

Mouthwash is the effective chemical plaque control mechanism being practiced globally. Teeth and tongue discoloration, a temporary change in taste perception, an increase in calculus deposits, a burning sensation, and genotoxicity of buccal epithelial cells are all possible side effects. This review evaluates the efficacy of chitosan mouthwash in comparison to chlorhexidine mouthwash in combating plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation.

Novel small molecules targeting bZIP23 TF improve stomatal conductance and photosynthesis under mild drought stress by regulating ABA.

Drought-induced abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation plays a key role in plant water relations by regulating stomatal movements. Although ABA helps in the survival of the plants, reduced carbon gain affects plant productivity. To improve crop productivity under mild drought stress conditions, it is necessary to manipulate ABA responses.

Study of Correlation of Microalbuminuria and Lipid Profile in Hypertensive Individuals.

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of the global burden of disease. Screening for microalbuminuria is a sensitive, reliable and accessible test for renal disease and CV morbidity or mortality in hypertension. Reducing SBP but not DBP leads to a decrease in microalbuminuria.

In silico structural, phylogenetic and drug target analysis of putrescine monooxygenase from Shewanella putrefaciens-95.

Background: The enormous and irresponsible use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistant strains of bacteria globally. A new approach to combat this crisis has been nutritional immunity limiting the availability of nutrients to pathogens. Targeting the siderophore biosynthetic pathway that helps in iron acquisition, an essential microelement in the bacterial system has been the topic of interest in recent days that backs the concept of nutritional immunity.

Expansion of the measles and rubella laboratory network, India.

Objective: To expand the measles and rubella laboratory network of India by integrating new laboratories.

Methods: In collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO), the Indian government developed a 10-step scheme to systematically expand the number of laboratories performing serological and molecular testing for measles and rubella. The Indian Council of Medical Research and WHO identified suitable laboratories based on their geographical location, willingness, preparedness, past performance and adherence to national quality control and quality assurance mechanisms.

Customized guide for transmucosal pterygomaxillary disjunction: Proof of concept.

Potential complications related to pterygomaxillary disjunction have been widely described in the literature, most of them being due to the inaccurate and blind approach involved. The present study used preoperative virtual planning to establish a surgical cutting guide for pterygomaxillary osteotomy. It was placed in the maxillary tuberosity supported by molars, and a flapless vertical osteotomy was performed with a piezoelectric saw.

Effectiveness of Wii sports- based strategy training in reducing risk of falling, falls and improving quality of life in adults with idiopathic Parkinson's disease- a randomized comparative trial.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Wii sports-based strategy training on risk of falling, falls and quality of life in adults with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Design: Single blind, Randomised comparative trial.

Setting: Hospital and home.

Unravelling the effects of ibuprofen-acetaminophen infused copper-bioglass towards the creation of root canal sealant.

Impact towards the tuneable characteristics of bioactive glasses (BAGs) has been explored; as there is no root canal sealant till date with ideal characteristics competent enough to manoeuvre the perplexing root canal architecture. Combeite, calcite and traces of cuprorivaite crystalline phases were validated for material formation, in which Cu 2P (XPS) peak authenticating the presence of copper in bioglass network (Cu-BAG). Spherical and platelet-like morphologies were observed and the grain size of Cu-BAG (∼100 nm) was lesser as compared to BAG (∼1 µm).

Impact of uterine epithelial cells and its conditioned medium on the in vitro embryo production in buffalo (Bubalusbubalis).

One of the challenges usually needs to be addressed in animal embryo production is to create the appropriate in vitro culture to improve blastocyst rate and produce high quality embryos. The present work was undertaken to investigate the impact of uterine epithelial cells and its conditioned medium (CM) on in vitro embryo production in buffalo. Buffalo uterine epithelial cells (UECs) were successfully isolated, cultured and characterized from slaughterhouse derived non gravid uteri.

Marker assisted pedigree breeding based improvement of the Indian mega variety of rice MTU1010 for resistance against bacterial blight and blast and tolerance to low soil phosphorus.

Rice production is affected by many biotic and abiotic stresses; among them, bacterial blight (BB) and blast diseases and low soil phosphorous stress cause significant yield losses. The present study was carried out with the objective of combining the BB resistance gene, Xa21, the blast resistance gene, Pi54, and the low soil phosphorous tolerance QTL/gene, Pup1, into the genetic background of the Indian mega-rice variety, MTU1010 (Cottondora Sannalu), through marker-assisted pedigree breeding. RP5973-20-9-8-24-12-7 [a near isogenic line (NIL) of MTU1010 possessing Pup1] and RP6132 [a NIL of Akshayadhan possessing Xa21 + Pi54] were crossed and 'true' F1s were identified, using the target gene-specific markers and selfed.

A Randomized Open-Label Parallel-Group Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Cilnidipine and Amlodipine in Hypertensive Adults.

Background: Cilnidipine, an upcoming anti-hypertensive drug, is a combined L- and N-type calcium channel blocker. It is proposed to be more efficacious and safer due to its two-pronged approach in treating hypertension.

Methods: The study was a randomized open-label parallel-group study, conducted in the Department of General Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Medical College Hospital, Chennai, during the period September 2014 to May 2015.

A comparison between adult and paediatric snakebites and their outcomes in North Eastern South Africa.

Background: Snakebites are common among rural communities. The aim of this study was to ascertain the differences between paediatric and adult snakebite patients regarding severity, management and outcome.

Methods: This study included a total of 878 patients admitted to Ngwelezana Hospital, with a snakebite or snakebite-related complication, from September 1, 2008 to December 31, 2014.

Adaptation of anammox bacteria to low temperature via gradual acclimation and cold shocks: Distinctions in protein expression, membrane composition and activities.

Anammox bacteria enable efficient removal of nitrogen from sewage in processes involving partial nitritation and anammox (PN/A) or nitrification, partial denitrification, and anammox (N-PdN/A). In mild climates, anammox bacteria must be adapted to ≤15 °C, typically by gradual temperature decrease; however, this takes months or years. To reduce the time necessary for the adaptation, an unconventional method of 'cold shocks' is promising, involving hours-long exposure of anammox biomass to extremely low temperatures.

Acoustic Based Footstep Detection in Pervasive Healthcare.

Passive detection of footsteps in domestic settings can allow the development of assistive technologies that can monitor mobility patterns of older adults in their home environment. Acoustic footstep detection is a promising approach for non-intrusive detection of footsteps. So far there has been limited work in developing robust acoustic footstep detection systems that can operate in noisy home environments.

Experimental measurements of the bacterial oxidation of HT in soils: Impact over a zone influenced by an industrial release of tritium in HT form.

Tritium is a radionuclide released to the atmosphere by nuclear industries in various forms, mainly HTO and to a lesser extent HT. However, some nuclear sites may emit predominantly HT in the atmosphere. The HT is oxidized to HTO essentially in the top cm of soils, and that the formed HTO is then possibly released into the atmosphere.

Wood transcriptome analysis and expression variation of lignin biosynthetic pathway transcripts in Roxb., a multi-purpose tropical tree species.

Safety matches are an essential consumer commodity which faces considerable shortage of raw material due to specific requirements like color, wax stability, consistent burning and splinting ability in wood. Roxb. is a multi-purpose tropical tree species which is predominantly used for production of match splints.

Deep Learning Algorithm for COVID-19 Classification Using Chest X-Ray Images.

Early diagnosis of the harmful severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), along with clinical expertise, allows governments to break the transition chain and flatten the epidemic curve. Although reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) offers quick results, chest X-ray (CXR) imaging is a more reliable method for disease classification and assessment. The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has triggered extensive research towards developing a COVID-19 detection toolkit.

Foam Polymers in Multifunctional Insulating Coatings.

The application of foamed polymers as one of the components of insulating coatings allows to solve the problems of energy saving and creation of optimal operating conditions for constructions. The systems of application of energy-efficient heat-insulating materials must consider both the particularities of the insulating materials and the functional orientation of the constructions. The implementation of the concept of seamless insulating coatings implies the achievement of thermal effect and reduction in air permeability both by means of the application of thermal insulation with low thermal conductivity and the minimization of junctions between separate elements of the insulating coating, which is achieved using elastic foamed polymers and, first of all, polyethylene foam.

3D printed customised external cranial plate in a patient with syndrome of trephined: 'a case report'.

Background: Syndrome of the trephined is a well-recognised phenomenon that occurs in patients following a craniectomy. It is associated with several symptoms, including headaches, motor impairments, cognitive disorders and reduced consciousness. Treatment for the syndrome usually involves replacing the skull defect.