Forced Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient Measurement of Low Concentration Nanorods ZnO-Ethylene Glycol Nanofluids in Laminar Flow.

This paper presents the experimental forced convective heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of nanorods (NRs) zinc oxide-ethylene glycol nanofluids (ZnO-EG NFs) in laminar flow. First, ZnO NRs were synthesized using a hydrothermal method that uses zinc acetate dihydrate [Zn(CHCOO)·2HO] as a precursor, sodium hydroxide as a reducing agent, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a surfactant. The hydrothermal reaction was performed at 170 °C for 6 h in a Teflon-lined stainless-steel tube autoclave.