Catheter-based Arterial Input Function Determination for Myocardial Perfusion Measurements.

The quantification of myocardial perfusion with contrast agent (CA) tracers requires the precise knowledge of the arterial input function (AIF). In this study a method for MR-guided vascular interventions is evaluated that determines the AIF via an active tracking catheter during targeted CA injection. A phantom experiment with a dialysis filter was conducted to measure the AIF using an active catheter and a dynamic image series as reference.

CREATE (Community deRivEd AutomaTEd insulin delivery) trial. Randomised parallel arm open label clinical trial comparing automated insulin delivery using a mobile controller (AnyDANA-loop) with an open-source algorithm with sensor augmented pump therapy in type 1 diabetes.

Background: Commercialised automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have demonstrated improved outcomes in type 1 diabetes (T1D), however, they have limited capacity for algorithm individualisation, and can be prohibitively expensive if an individual is without access to health insurance or health funding subsidy. Freely available open-source algorithms, which have the ability to individualise algorithm parameters paired with commercial insulin pumps, and continuous glucose monitoring make up the so-called "do it yourself" (DIY) approach to AID. Limited data on the open-source approach have shown promising results, but data from a large randomised control trial are lacking.

Evaluation of a Pseudotyped Virus Neutralisation Test for the Measurement of Equine Influenza Virus-Neutralising Antibody Responses Induced by Vaccination and Infection.

Equine influenza is a major respiratory disease of horses that is largely controlled by vaccination in some equine populations. Virus-neutralising antibodies, the mainstay of the protective immune response, are problematic in assaying for equine influenza virus, as most strains do not replicate efficiently in cell culture. Surrogate measures of protective antibody responses include the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and single radial haemolysis (SRH) assay.

Effect of 6 Months of Flash Glucose Monitoring in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes and High-Risk Glycemic Control: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To investigate whether intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) significantly improves glycemic control compared with capillary self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) in youth with type 1 diabetes and high-risk glycemic control.

Research Design And Methods: This multicenter 6-month randomized, controlled, parallel-arm trial included 64 participants aged 13-20 years with established type 1 diabetes and glycated hemoglobin (HbA) ≥9% (≥75 mmol/mol). Participants were allocated to 6-month intervention (isCGM; FreeStyle Libre; Abbott Diabetes Care, Witney, U.

Passive needle guide tracking with radial acquisition and phase-only cross-correlation.

Purpose: Acceleration of a passive tracking sequence based on phase-only cross-correlation (POCC) using radial undersampling.

Methods: The phase-only cross-correlation (POCC) algorithm allows passive tracking of interventional instruments in real-time. In a POCC sequence, two cross-sectional images of a needle guide with a positive MR contrast are continuously acquired from which the instrument trajectory is calculated.

Fabrication and validation of reference structures for the localization of subdural standard- and micro-electrodes in MRI.

Objective: Report simple reference structure fabrication and validate the precise localization of subdural micro- and standard electrodes in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in phantom experiments.

Approach: Electrode contacts with diameters of 0.3 mm and 4 mm are localized in 1.

Analysis of the RF Excitation of Endovascular Stents in Small Gap and Overlap Scenarios Using an Electro-Optical E-field Sensor.

Objective: To assess the effect of the electro-magnetic coupling of endovascular stents on their RF heating potential in MRI.

Methods: A custom-built electro-optic E-field probe is used to perform measurements of the scattered E-field at a distance of 2 mm to stent samples with submillimeter resolution. Various combinations of stent lengths are measured at 124 MHz (3T MRI Larmor frequency) with varying gap and overlap between the stents, with and without stent coating, and with distilled water and saline solution as surrounding media.

The best COVID-19 predictor is recent smell loss: a cross-sectional study.

Background: COVID-19 has heterogeneous manifestations, though one of the most common symptoms is a sudden loss of smell (anosmia or hyposmia). We investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19.

Methods: This preregistered, cross-sectional study used a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness.

Convolutional neural networks for head and neck tumor segmentation on 7-channel multiparametric MRI: a leave-one-out analysis.

Background: Automatic tumor segmentation based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) has shown to be a valuable tool in treatment planning and clinical decision making. We investigate the influence of 7 MRI input channels of a CNN with respect to the segmentation performance of head&neck cancer.

Methods: Head&neck cancer patients underwent multi-parametric MRI including T2w, pre- and post-contrast T1w, T2*, perfusion (k, v) and diffusion (ADC) measurements at 3 time points before and during radiochemotherapy.

2.05 µm chirped pulse amplification system at a 1 kHz repetition rate-2.4 ps pulses with 17 GW peak power.

Ho-doped yttrium lithium fluoride chirped pulse amplification (CPA) is implemented with a high-gain regenerative amplifier (RA) and a two-stage booster amplifier. We demonstrate the generation of 52.5 mJ pulses with a duration of 2.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Venous Stents at 1.5 T: Susceptibility Artifacts and Radiofrequency Shielding.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to assess radiofrequency (RF) shielding and susceptibility-induced imaging artifacts of venous stents with different designs at 1.5 T and to analyze the relationship between stent designs, that is, cell geometry and RF shielding.

Methods: Twelve dedicated venous stents and 1 stent used for venous pathologies with 8 different designs from 5 different manufacturers were tested: Blueflow (plus medica, Düsseldorf, Germany), Sinus Obliquus, Sinus Venous, Sinus XL (Optimed, Ettlingen, Germany), Vici (Veniti, St.

ABHD11, a new diacylglycerol lipase involved in weight gain regulation.

Obesity epidemic continues to spread and obesity rates are increasing in the world. In addition to public health effort to reduce obesity, there is a need to better understand the underlying biology to enable more effective treatment and the discovery of new pharmacological agents. Abhydrolase domain-containing protein 11 (ABHD11) is a serine hydrolase enzyme, localized in mitochondria, that can synthesize the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2AG) in vitro.

Paraneoplastic Raynaud's phenomenon as sign of progression: a case report on a patient with breast cancer.

Background: Paraneoplastic Raynaud's phenomenon is a rare complication occurring in patients with advanced cancer.

Methods: We present a case of a patient with breast cancer and presenting with acrocyanosis evolving into necrosis as a paraneoplastic phenomenon in progressive breast cancer.

Results: Unless a multidisciplinary approach was taken, improvement of the symptoms was only seen with prostacyclin analogs, and cancer treatment needed to be changed because of rapidly progressing disease.

Initial experiences of adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes and high-risk glycemic control after starting flash glucose monitoring - a qualitative study.

Purpose: This study explored early experiences with a flash glucose monitoring system among adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes and high-risk glycemic control.

Methods: Adolescents and young adults with high-risk glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 75 mmol/mol (9.0%) in the previous 6 months) who had recently commenced on flash glucose monitoring as part of a trial took part in a semi-structured interview exploring their experiences with the technology.

The utility of multiparametric MRI to characterize hypoxic tumor subvolumes in comparison to FMISO PET/CT. Consequences for diagnosis and chemoradiation treatment planning in head and neck cancer.

Background And Purpose: Hypoxia is an essential metabolic marker that determines chemo- and radiation resistance in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Our exploratory analysis aimed to identify multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) parameters linked to hypoxia that might be used as surrogate for [F]FMISO-PET in diagnosis and chemoradiation treatment (CRT) of HNSCC.

Materials And Methods: 21 patients undergoing definitive CRT for HNSCC were prospectively imaged with serial [F]FMISO-PET and 3 Tesla mpMRI for T1- and T2-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion and diffusion-weighted measurements (k, v, k, ADC) in weeks 0, 2 and 5 and FDG-PET in week 0.

The 'flash' adhesive study: a randomized crossover trial using an additional adhesive patch to prolong freestyle libre sensor life among youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: Although strategies to prevent premature sensor loss for flash glucose monitoring (FGM) systems may have substantial benefit, limited data are available. This study among youth with high-risk type 1 diabetes evaluated whether an additional adhesive patch over FGM sensors would reduce premature sensor loss frequency and not cause additional cutaneous adverse events (AEs).

Methods: This is a six-month, open-label, randomized crossover trial.

Whole-brain irradiation with hippocampal sparing and dose escalation on metastases: neurocognitive testing and biological imaging (HIPPORAD) - a phase II prospective randomized multicenter trial (NOA-14, ARO 2015-3, DKTK-ROG).

Background: Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is the standard therapy for multiple brain metastases. However, WBRT has a poor local tumor control and is associated with a decline in neurocognitive function (NCF). Aim of this trial is to assess the efficacy and safety of a new treatment method, the WBRT with hippocampus avoidance (HA) combined with the simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) on metastases/resection cavities (HA-WBRT+SIB).

Obesity and regulation of human placental lactogen production in pregnancy.

The four genes coding for placental members of the human (h) growth hormone (GH) family include two that code independently for placental lactogen (PL), also known as chorionic somatomammotrophin hormone, one that codes for placental growth hormone (PGH) and a pseudogene for which RNA but no protein product is reported. These genes are expressed preferentially in the villus syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta in pregnancy. In higher primates, the placental members, including hPL and PGH, are the result of multiple duplication events of the GH gene.

Study of Medical Ultrasound for Rhizarthrosis (SUR): study protocol for a randomized controlled single-center pilot-trial.

Background: Rhizarthrosis (trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis) is the second most common site of osteoarthritis in the hand affecting 10-30% of adults over the age of 50. Up to four times as many women as men have rhizarthrosis. Clinical symptoms include functional disability of the thumb, pain, joint swelling, and reduced strength.

Discovery of Potent, Selective, and State-Dependent Na1.7 Inhibitors with Robust Oral Efficacy in Pain Models: Structure-Activity Relationship and Optimization of Chroman and Indane Aryl Sulfonamides.

Voltage-gated sodium channel Na1.7 is a genetically validated target for pain. Identification of Na1.

Magnetic resonance imaging for pathobiological assessment and interventional treatment of the coronary arteries.

X-ray-based fluoroscopy is the standard tool for diagnostics and intervention in coronary artery disease. In recent years, computed tomography has emerged as a non-invasive alternative to coronary angiography offering detection of coronary calcification and imaging of the vessel lumen by the use of iodinated contrast agents. Even though currently available invasive or non-invasive techniques can show the degree of vessel stenosis, they are unable to provide information about biofunctional plaque properties, e.

Intraindividual comparison between Ga-PSMA-PET/CT and mpMRI for intraprostatic tumor delineation in patients with primary prostate cancer: a retrospective analysis in 101 patients.

Purpose: Accurate delineation of intraprostatic gross tumor volume (GTV) is mandatory for successful fusion biopsy guidance and focal therapy planning of prostate cancer (PCa). Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is the current gold standard for GTV delineation; however, prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) is emerging as a promising alternative. This study compares GTV delineation between mpMRI and Ga-PSMA-PET in a large number of patients using validated contouring approaches.

"U-Sniff" - the international odor identification test for children: an extension of its normative database and study of global reliability.

Background: To extend the previous study by Schriever and colleagues from 2018 providing normative data and re-investigating the reliability for U-Sniff test in children in additional countries.

Methodology: A total of 388 children (196 boys, 192 girls) from eight countries (China, Germany, Iran, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Paraguay, and Russia) participated in this study. The children were recruited from public local schools in those particular countries.