Randomized Pilot Trial of the Text-Based Adherence Game for Ghanaian Youth with HIV.

This study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a mobile intervention called the Text-Based Adherence Game (TAG). TAG aimed to improve HIV treatment adherence among young people with HIV (YPWH) in Ghana. Participants, YPWH aged 18 to 24, were recruited from an HIV clinic in Kumasi, Ghana where study procedures were conducted.

COBRE Center for Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR COBRE): A Regional and National Hub for Transformative Research to Elucidate and Mitigate the Lasting Imprint of Early Stress and Trauma.

Early adversity is a major contributor to psychiatric conditions and poor physical health that burden individuals and groups across Rhode Island, the United States, and globally. We established a Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) for Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR) at The Miriam Hospital to identify mechanisms linking early adversity and health, to curtail detrimental consequences of stress and trauma, and promote resilience. The STAR COBRE is a vibrant regional and national hub for transformative research to elucidate and mitigate the lasting imprint of stress and trauma across the lifespan.

Lessons learned during a 12-year monitoring project with the endangered Magdalena River turtle (Podocnemis lewyana): hunting pressure, habitat degradation, and methodological considerations.

Turtle species in the Family Podocnemididae, including the Colombian endemic and critically endangered Magdalena River Turtle Podocnemis lewyana, characteristically present low recapture rates that preclude estimation of population parameters using maximum likelihood modeling. In our 12-year monitoring project with this species, we evaluated changes in relative abundances, proportions of sex/size classes, and individual body sizes and body conditions in a population in four channels in the middle Magdalena River drainage. We also inspected for associations between trends in changes in these variables and differences in hunting pressure and habitat degradation.

National Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Potential from Adopting Anaerobic Digestion on Large-Scale Dairy Farms in the United States.

Waste-to-energy systems can provide a functional demonstration of the economic and environmental benefits of circularity, innovation, and reimagining existing systems. This study offers a robust quantification of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction potential of the adoption of anaerobic digestion (AD) technology on applicable large-scale dairy farms in the contiguous United States. GHG reduction estimates were developed through a robust life cycle modeling framework paired with sensitivity and uncertainty analyses.

Homoleptic hexa- and penta-coordinated gallium(I) amide complexes of ruthenium and molybdenum.

Reaction of neutral olefin complexes of ruthenium and molybdenum with GaTMP (TMP = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl) by substitution leads to the formation of respective five- and six-coordinated homoleptic products. [Ru(GaTMP)] (1) and [Mo(GaTMP)] (2) were isolated and characterized. Core structure geometries were analyzed using continuous shape measure, and the complexes were subjected to DFT calculations unveiling competing π-interactions between the transition metal center and the amido substituent with the unoccupied p orbitals of the gallium.

Pasos Hacia La Salud II: A Superiority RCT Utilizing Technology to Promote Physical Activity in Latinas.

Introduction: Latinas face an increased risk for chronic diseases associated with insufficient physical activity (PA). The researchers previously showed that a website-based intervention could increase PA among insufficiently active Latinas, yet rates of meeting national PA guidelines were low. The original intervention was enhanced by adding additional features, content, and points of contact, including via text messaging.

Perceived delivery of essential yoga properties within in-person and remote weight loss maintenance interventions.

Objectives: While previous research has utilized remote delivery of yoga interventions, no research has specifically interrogated the effectiveness of remote yoga intervention delivery. In this secondary analysis of weight-maintenance trial data, we examined participant perceptions of essential yoga properties across in-person and remote formats, hypothesizing that perceptions would not differ following remote delivery.

Methods: 24 women with overweight or obesity (34.

HIV symptom severity and associated factors among young people with HIV in Ghana.

Adolescents and young adults (young people) with HIV (YPWH) often struggle with treatment self-management. Many have symptoms due to HIV disease, medication side-effects, or comorbid conditions. Our study investigated the severity of HIV-related symptoms among YPWH aged 18-24 with detectable viral loads from an HIV clinic in Ghana ( = 60) and potential correlates of severity across a range of factors.

Technology-Based Smoking Cessation for Youth Exiting Foster Care: A Pilot Randomized Trial.

Despite high rates of cigarette use, little attention has been paid to screening and cessation services for youth in foster care. Study aims were to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a technology-based smoking cessation intervention. Study enrollment, satisfaction, and engagement were high in the intervention arm, where readiness to change also significantly increased over time.

A randomized trial examining the effect of yoga on dietary lapses and lapse triggers following behavioral weight loss treatment.

Background: Dietary lapses can hinder weight loss and yoga can improve self-regulation, which may protect against lapses. This study examined the effect of yoga on dietary lapses, potential lapse triggers (e.g.

Stroke risk management in carotid atherosclerotic disease: A Clinical Consensus Statement of the ESC Council on Stroke and the ESC Working Group on Aorta and Peripheral Vascular Diseases.

Carotid atherosclerotic disease continues to be an important cause of stroke, often disabling or fatal. Such strokes could be largely prevented through optimal medical therapy and carotid revascularization. Advancements in discovery research and imaging along with evidence from recent pharmacology and interventional clinical trials and registries and the progress in acute stroke management have markedly expanded knowledge base for clinical decisions in carotid stenosis.

Exploring Factors Associated with Dietary Improvement Among Participants Who Completed a Randomized Controlled Trial for Physical Activity: Evidence of a Transfer Effect.

Background: This research aimed at understanding how changes in one behavior affect other behaviors, known as "transfer effect," could extend knowledge of shared constructs among compound health risk behaviors, and improve methods for promoting simultaneous behavior changes. The current study explored whether participants who completed a randomized controlled trial for physical activity (PA) improved their diet with no intervention in diet or nutrition.

Methods: US adults (N = 283) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of either exercise videogames, standard exercise, or an attention control.

Greater engagement in valued activities is associated with less barriers to quitting smoking among smokers with mobility impairments.

Background: Individuals with mobility impairments (MI; use equipment to ambulate) have a high prevalence of both smoking and depression. Behavioral activation (BA) purports that depressed mood is remediated through valued activity engagement and may facilitate smoking cessation in MI populations.

Objective: We examined cross-sectional associations between activity engagement and variables important for smoking cessation among a high-risk group of smokers (people with MIs) and also describe a smoking cessation intervention based on BA, given the lack of studies on smokers with MIs.

Integrated smoking cessation and mood management following acute coronary syndrome: Protocol for the post-acute cardiac event smoking (PACES) trial.

Background: Approximately 400,000 people who smoke cigarettes survive Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS; unstable angina, ST and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction) each year in the US. Continued smoking following ACS is an independent predictor of mortality. Depressed mood post-ACS is also predictive of mortality, and smokers with depressed mood are less likely to abstain from smoking following an ACS.

Assessing Hair Concerns and Physical Activity Measures Among African American Women: a Mixed-Method Exploratory Study.

Objectives: Research on the association between hair concerns and physical activity (PA) constructs among African American (AA) women is lacking. Demographics such as age and income are indicated to influence hair concerns. In this study, quantitative methods were used to assess demographic differences in hair concerns and associations between hair concerns and PA.

Biological and psychological predictors of heart rate patterns during physical activity.

Objective: Latent class modeling (LCM) offers a promising approach for examining correlates of heart rate (HR) patterns over multiple exercise sessions. This research examined biological and psychological variables associated with different patterns of HR response to physical activity (PA).

Methods: In a three-arm randomized controlled trial (exercise video games vs.

Effect of Individualized Oral Health Care Training Provided to 6-16-Year-Old Psychiatric In-Patients-Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: To assess the effect of individualized oral health care training (IndOHCT) administered to 6-16-year-old psychiatric in-patients on dental plaque removal.

Methods: 74 in-patients with mental health disorders (49 males) aged 6-16 years with a mean age of 10.4 ± 2.

The rise and fall of mandrake in medicine.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Mandrake (Mandragora sp.) is one of the most famous medicinal plants. It has been in continuous medical use throughout written history and is still in use today in popular medicine.

Circumstances Around Cigarette Use after Enforced Abstinence From Smoking in an American Prison.

Objectives: Most adults return to smoking after enforced tobacco abstinence when incarcerated in US prisons. Little is known about the specific relapse triggers on reentry. This study examines situational, affective, and motivational antecedents of return to smoking immediately after release from a tobacco-free prison.

Midkine Promotes Metastasis and Therapeutic Resistance via mTOR/RPS6 in Uveal Melanoma.

Unlabelled: Uveal melanoma is a rare form of melanoma that originates in the eye, exerts widespread therapeutic resistance, and displays an inherent propensity for hepatic metastases. Because metastatic disease is characterized by poor survival, there is an unmet clinical need to identify new therapeutic targets in uveal melanoma. Here, we show that the pleiotropic cytokine midkine is expressed in uveal melanoma.

Affective response to physical activity as a deep phenotype in a non-randomized pilot study.

Large-scale genomic studies are beginning to identify genetic predictors of physical activity (PA). For those genetically predisposed to engage in low PA, a behavioral intervention may target a malleable factor that mediates genetic predisposition to low PA (i.e.

Modeling Health Event Impact on Smoking Cessation.

Background: This study examined how cognitive and affective constructs related to an acute health event predict smoking relapse following an acute cardiac health event.

Methods: Participants were recruited from emergency departments and completed cognitive and emotional measures at enrollment and ecological momentary assessments (EMA) for 84 days postvisit.

Results: Of 394 participants, only 35 (8.