Effect of Melatonin on Expression of Apoptosis Regulator Proteins Bcl-2 and Bad in Ovarian Follicular Apparatus after High Temperature Exposure.

Expression of proapoptotic Bad and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins in ovarian follicular apparatus of Wistar rats was evaluated on days 3, 7, and 14 after single experimental hyperthermia (EH) followed by therapeutic correction with subcutaneous melatonin (0.1 mg) dissolved in 0.2 ml physiological saline (PS) injected daily for 3 days.

Expression of Apoptosis Regulator Proteins Bcl-2 and Bad in Rat Ovarian Follicular Apparatus during Recovery after Extreme Hypothermia.

The expression of molecular and cellular regulators of apoptosis (proapoptotic protein Bad and antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2) was measured in the follicular apparatus of rat ovaries during the recovery period (days 7 and 14) after hyperthermia (up to rectal temperature 43.5°C). The Bcl-2/Bad index was calculated.

Expression of Bcl-2 Family Proteins in the Ovarian Follicular Apparatus in the Acute Period after Experimental Hyperthermia.

The expression of apoptosis regulators (proapoptotic protein Bad and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2) was analyzed and Bcl-2/Bad ratio in the follicular apparatus of the rat ovary was determined on day 3 after hyperthermia (rectal temperature 43.5°C). Hyperthermia in the catabolic phase leads to different degrees of activation of the molecular "switches" of apoptosis in cells of ovarian follicular epithelium.

Cmr is a redox-responsive regulator of DosR that contributes to M. tuberculosis virulence.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) is the causative agent of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). MTb colonizes the human lung, often entering a non-replicating state before progressing to life-threatening active infections. Transcriptional reprogramming is essential for TB pathogenesis.

Tagetitoxin inhibits transcription by stabilizing pre-translocated state of the elongation complex.

Transcription elongation consists of repetition of the nucleotide addition cycle: phosphodiester bond formation, translocation and binding of the next nucleotide. Inhibitor of multi-subunit RNA polymerase tagetitoxin (TGT) enigmatically slows down addition of nucleotides in a sequence-dependent manner, only at certain positions of the template. Here, we show that TGT neither affects chemistry of RNA synthesis nor induces backward translocation, nor competes with the nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) in the active center.

The σ70 region 1.2 regulates promoter escape by unwinding DNA downstream of the transcription start site.

The mechanisms of abortive synthesis and promoter escape during initiation of transcription are poorly understood. Here, we show that, after initiation of RNA synthesis, non-specific interaction of σ(70) region 1.2, present in all σ(70) family factors, with the non-template strand around position -4 relative to the transcription start site facilitates unwinding of the DNA duplex downstream of the transcription start site.

[Histiocytoid cardiomyopathy in an infant].

We present a description of a clinical observation of a histiocytoid cardiomyopathy in a female patient aged 4 months. This pathology is rare in pediatric cardiology. Its etiology is linked with mutation of the gene encoding mitochondrial cytochrome B (mitochondrial transport of electrons).

Factor-independent transcription pausing caused by recognition of the RNA-DNA hybrid sequence.

Pausing of transcription is an important step of regulation of gene expression in bacteria and eukaryotes. Here we uncover a factor-independent mechanism of transcription pausing, which is determined by the ability of the elongating RNA polymerase to recognize the sequence of the RNA-DNA hybrid. We show that, independently of thermodynamic stability of the elongation complex, RNA polymerase directly 'senses' the shape and/or identity of base pairs of the RNA-DNA hybrid.

The influence of probiotic Enterococcus faecium strain L5 on the microbiota and cytokines expression in rats with dysbiosis induced by antibiotics.

The animal model of intestinal dysbiosis induced by antibiotics was created. Dysbiotic condition was confirmed by the changes in titre of the indigenous microbiota (excessive growth of opportunistic microorganisms and reduced number of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and enterococci) and the appearance of dyspeptic symptoms. Consumption of the fermented milk product with probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium L5 led to the rapid disappearance of dysbiosis symptoms, normalisation of the microbiota, increase in expression of IL-10 and decrease in IL-8 expression.

Stepwise mechanism for transcription fidelity.

Background: Transcription is the first step of gene expression and is characterized by a high fidelity of RNA synthesis. During transcription, the RNA polymerase active centre discriminates against not just non-complementary ribo NTP substrates but also against complementary 2'- and 3'-deoxy NTPs. A flexible domain of the RNA polymerase active centre, the Trigger Loop, was shown to play an important role in this process, but the mechanisms of this participation remained elusive.

Oxidative stress induces degradation of mitochondrial DNA.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is located in close proximity of the respiratory chains, which are the main cellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can induce oxidative base lesions in mtDNA and are believed to be an important cause of the mtDNA mutations, which accumulate with aging and in diseased states. However, recent studies indicate that cumulative levels of base substitutions in mtDNA can be very low even in old individuals.

[Influence of work conditions and climate factors on respiratory diseases prevalence among workers of Northern regions].

The article deals with study covering influence of industrial and climate hazards on respiratory diseases prevalence among workers of wash-house situated in cool climate, with search of the most informative values for organization of social and hygienic monitoring. The results proved that the controlled values should include not only dust load and ambient air temperature, but also "duration of work in ambient air speed over allowable value", "duration of work in ambient air humidity over allowable value", "length of service in North" and "climate area of previous dwelling".

[Physiological-hygienic aspects of the work of tractor drivers engaged in open-soil vegetable planting].

The labour conditions of tractor drivers engaged in open soil vegetable planting in subtropical zones were characterized by the unfavourable influence of weather, noise and vibration, dust and exhaust contamination, and by static tension. The physiological studies performed revealed considerable tensions of the CVS, CNS, thermoregulatory and muscle systems in the drivers. The specificity of the identified changes confirmed marked decrease in the functional resources of the organism, which should be taken into account when providing medical services to the drivers.

[Physiologic functions of machine operators during vineyard treatment with pesticides].

During the treatment of vineyards the working conditions of mechanic vine-growers are characterized by an unfavourable impact of meteorologic factors, noise, vibration, dust loading, high content of pesticides in the work zone air along with static load. The physiologic investigation shows significant strain of the cardiovascular, central nervous, neuromuscular and thermoregulatory systems. The findings indicate deterioration of physiologic body functions of mechanic vine-growers during pesticide treatment of vineyards causing worsening of working capacity and general state of the organisms.