[Neurophysiological correlates of pedophilia: a study of EEG evoked oscillations].

Objective: To study the changes of evoked EEG oscillations in response to erotic visual stimuli to identify specific patterns in subjects with different variants of pedophilia.

Material And Methods: Forty-eight right-handed male offenders who have committed sexual acts against children participated in the study. Seventeen subjects without paraphilic disorders were included in group 1, 17 subjects with heterosexual pedophilia were included in group 2, and 13 subjects with homosexual pedophilia were included in group 3.

Two-Year Follow-Up of the First Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision (TaTME) Case Performed in Community Hospital in Hawai'i: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Surgical management of rectal cancer has evolved with the advent of total mesorectal excision (TME) and neo-adjuvant treatment allowing for more sphincter-preserving proctectomies. The laparoscopic approach to TME has numerous advantages over the open approach, including faster recovery, fewer wound complications, and overall reduced morbidity. However, laparoscopic dissection around the distal portion of the rectum is particularly difficult, and thus makes achieving TME completeness and negative resection margins for low rectal tumors a challenge.

[A comparative study of the P300 wave and evoked theta-rhythm in schizophrenia and personality disorders].

Objective: Amplitude and latency of evoked potential P300 are considered as major correlates of cognitive functions. At the same time the changes in the theta-band event-related oscillations that appears at the same time window as P300 wave are less studied. The purpose of this study was to provide the complex assessment and comparison of neurophysiological indices of cognitive processes in healthy people and patients with personality disorder, schizotypal disorder and schizophrenia with different levels of cognitive dysfunction.

[Subjective evaluation of the effect of single test doses of phenazepam and placebo in patients with anxiety disorders: a relationship with objective pharmaco-electroencephalography characteristics].

Aim: To study the relationship between subjective evaluation (SE) of the effect of single test doses of benzodiazepine anxiolytic phenazepam and placebo and objective electroencephalography (EEG) characteristics in patients with anxiety disorders.

Material And Methods: Forty patients, including 13 with generalized anxiety disorders (GAD, ICD-10 F41.1), 13 with anxiety-phobic disorders (AFD, ICD-10 F40.

[Specificity of spatial organization of evoked EEG rhythms in patients with paranoid schizophrenia].

Aim: The study aimed at analyzing the spatial patterns of evoked event-related oscillations in patients with paranoid schizophrenia and their relationship with clinical symptoms of disease.

Material And Methods: Evoked delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma rhythms in response to target auditory stimulus in an oddball paradigm were studied in 21 schizophrenic patients and 22 healthy subjects. The independent spatial patterns were revealed within each of the frequency range using the principal component analysis.

Transition to market economy promotes individualistic values: Analysing changes in frequencies of Russian words from 1980 to 2008.

Google Books Ngram was used to assess changes in frequency of usage in words corresponding to collectivistic and individualistic values in Russia during the time of economic changes. It was found that in many domains transition to market economy was associated with a rise in the use of words corresponding to individualistic values and a decrease in the use of words associated with collectivistic values. In several cases, words corresponding to collectivistic terms were used more often than words corresponding to individualistic values.

[EEG frequency and regional properties in patients with paranoid schizophrenia: effects of positive and negative symptomatology prevalence].

Objective: EEG changes in schizophrenic patients are caused by a multitude of factors related to clinical heterogeneity of the disease, current state of patients, and conducted therapy. EEG spectral analysis remains an actual methodical approach for the investigation of the neurophysiological mechanisms of the disease. The goal of the investigation was the study of frequency and regional EEG correlating with the intensity of productive and negative disorders.

Universals versus historical contingencies in lexical evolution.

The frequency with which we use different words changes all the time, and every so often, a new lexical item is invented or another one ceases to be used. Beyond a small sample of lexical items whose properties are well studied, little is known about the dynamics of lexical evolution. How do the lexical inventories of languages, viewed as entire systems, evolve? Is the rate of evolution of the lexicon contingent upon historical factors or is it driven by regularities, perhaps to do with universals of cognition and social interaction? We address these questions using the Google Books N-Gram Corpus as a source of data and relative entropy as a measure of changes in the frequency distributions of words.

[Ladasten versus placebo effect self-evaluated by neurasthenia patients with different EEG alpha rhythm types].

The study was focused on the clinico-pharmacological analysis of differences between subjective and objective assessment of the effects of antiasthenic drug ladasten and placebo effects in patients with neurasthenia with different individual patterns manifested in their EEG alpha rhythms and MMPI findings. It is established that, in patients with neurasthenia characterized by reduced EEG alpha activity combined with emotional lability and inertness, the therapeutic action and effectiveness of ladasten and placebo was more robust (the subjective estimation was higher) than in patients with prominent alpha rhythm and sthenic personal traits. The self-assessment of the effect of single test doses of ladasten and placebo was independent of the individual differences of EEG alpha rhythm organization and personal traits with respect to tolerability, wish to continue the treatment, activating and calming effects.

[The patterns of interzonal EEG relations and its relationship with the subjective assessment of single-dose action of phenazepam in patients with anxiety disorders].

The spectral-coherence analysis of phenazepam single-dose action in patients with anxiety disorder was performed. Significant changes in coherence parameters indicating the generalized character of reorganizations of interzonal connections with the involvement of delta, alpha, theta and beta-1 to beta-3 rhythms, including both their strengthening and weakening, were revealed. Correlations between the character of reorganizations of interzonal relations and subjective assessments of the drug effect were observed: activating and antianxiety drug effects were correlated with tolerability and the wish to continue treatment with the drug.

[Clinical and electroencephalographic characteristic of noopept in patients with mild cognitive impairment of posttraumatic and vascular origin].

An effect of a new nootropic drug noopept on the dynamics of main EEG rhythms and narrow-band spectral EEG characteristics in patients with cerebral asthenic and cognitive disturbances caused by traumas or vascular brain diseases has been studied. Noopept caused the EEG changes characteristic of the action of nootropics: the increase of alpha- and beta-rhythms power and reduction of delta-rhythms power. The reaction of alpha-rhythm was provided mostly by the dynamics of its low and medium frequencies (6,7-10,2 Hz), the changes of beta-rhythm were augmented in frontal and attenuated in occipital areas.

[Characteristics of ladasten effect in neurasthenia patients with various EEG parameters].

Clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) analysis ofladasten action in anxiety-asthenic patients with respect to their EEG-defined individual typological characteristics was carried out. Primary psychopathologic disorders and ladasten effects were assessed by objective classification methods (factor and cluster analyses), and individual EEG types characterized by marked or reduced alpha rhythm were determined. No significant correlations between baseline EEG results and the initial mental condition indices were found.

Short esophagus: how much length can we get?

Introduction: Laparoscopic antireflux surgery requires an adequate length of intra-abdominal esophagus. Short esophagus can cause wrap herniation and poor clinical outcomes. The aim of the study is to measure maximum length of esophageal elongation with transhiatal mediastinal dissection.

The patterns and costs of the Da Vinci robotic surgery system in a large academic institution.

The da Vinci ™Robotic System (dVRS) is the latest advancement in laparoscopic surgery allowing the surgeon more accurate and precise control of instrumentation with an added three-dimensional image. Technology comes with a price, $1.3 million.

Long-term outcome of cruroplasty reinforcement with human acellular dermal matrix in large paraesophageal hiatal hernia.

Background: Laparoscopic repair of a large hiatal hernia using simple sutures only for the cruroplasty is associated with a high recurrence rate. The solution was to place synthetic mesh over the cruroplasty thereby decreasing recurrence rates in exchange for complications, such as gastric and esophageal erosions. Our initial report investigated the use of human acellular dermal matrix (AlloDerm) as a more suitable alternative.

One hundred consecutive laparoscopic Nissen's without the use of a bougie.

Background: The creation of a floppy and symmetric fundoplication over a bougie has been the standard of care in laparoscopic surgery. The use of a bougie carries a risk of esophageal perforation but lowers the risk of postoperative dysphagia. Intraoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy (IEGD) can be used to assess the orientation and position of a properly constructed Nissen.

Bilateral laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in patients with occult contralateral inguinal defects.

Background: A high incidence of bilateral inguinal defects found on laparoscopic evaluation during hernia repair has been reported. However, expectation of bilateral inguinal defects in patients who are diagnosed with pure unilateral hernia might be underestimated. A prospective clinical study was performed to reveal a rate of contralateral occult defects in patients who were diagnosed with unilateral inguinal hernia prior to primary laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair.

Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with human acellular dermal matrix patch: our initial experience.

Background: The laparoscopic repair of large hiatal hernia followed by an antireflux procedure is currently the gold standard therapy for gastroesophgeal reflux disease. However, it is recognized that recurrent hiatal herniation and wrap migration are major sources of operative failures in these patients. Some have described a reduction of such events with the placement of nonbiodegradable prosthetic patches over the primary cruroplasty.

Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma benefit from staging laparoscopy.

Background: Unnecessary laparotomy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer may both compromise the quality of life and delay the initiation of more appropriate therapy. Very often, peritoneal small liver metastases and true local status cannot be fully determined without surgery. Laparoscopy may spare laparotomy and decrease morbidity for patients with nonresectable advanced disease.

Role of endoluminal techniques in treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux disease.

This chapter addresses emergent endoluminal technologies available currently for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To date, the mainstay of GERD therapy has been achieved with either open or laparoscopic fundoplication, or life-long medical treatment. Endoluminal treatment modalities attempt to augment the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) function by various techniques.

[Efficacy of pronoran in age-related memory impairment].

Thirty patients aged 45-62 years (mean 54.8 +/- 3.7) have been studied.

[Placebo to antidepressant effects ratio by electroencephalographic data].

An analysis of EEG spectral characteristics of placebo effect and antidepressant (fluoxetine, maprotiline) monotherapy in patients with mild or moderate depressive episodes (ICD-10) has been conducted. Depending on clinical effects of placebo and antidepressants, the groups of placebo- and medication-responders/non-responders were compared. Placebo caused both particular and similar with the action of a single antidepressant dose changes in spectral power of EEG bands, which reduced during the pharmacotherapy course.