Adaptation of colorectal cancer screening tailored navigation content for American Indian communities and early results using the intervention.

Background: American Indians (AI) experience major colorectal cancer (CRC) screening disparities with commensurate inequity in CRC mortality and other outcomes. The purpose of this report is to describe the methods and early results of adapting a previously successful intervention for the AI community.

Methods: The educational content and delivery strategy of the parent intervention were adapted for AIs guided by an adaptation framework and cultural consultations with the community and clinicians.

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Unintentional Fatal and Nonfatal Emergency Medical Services-Attended Opioid Overdoses During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Philadelphia.

This cross-sectional study describes the differential associations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with opioid-related overdoses among racial/ethnic groups in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness among outpatients in the US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network by study site 2011-2016.

Background: Influenza vaccination is recommended for all US residents aged ≥6 months. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) varies by age, circulating influenza strains, and the presence of high-risk medical conditions. We examined site-specific VE in the US Influenza VE Network, which evaluates annual influenza VE at ambulatory clinics in geographically diverse sites.

The interaction of dopamine, cocaine, and cocaethylene with ethanol on central nervous system depression in mice.

The interactions between dopamine, cocaine, cocaethylene, and ethanol were studied in Swiss-Webster mice. The loss of the righting reflex (LORR) was used as a measure of CNS depression. Animals were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with ethanol (4.

Vasoactive intestinal peptide interacts with alpha-adrenergic-, cholinergic-, and substance-P-mediated responses in rat parotid and submandibular glands.

Secretory dose-response curves were obtained with both acetylcholine and phenylephrine treatment in rat parotid and submandibular glands. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), which produced relatively low volumes of protein-rich saliva in rat salivary glands, also enhanced acetylcholine-, phenylephrine-, and substance-P-mediated fluid and protein secretion when administered in combination with these agents. The specific mechanisms involved in the synergistic actions of VIP with substances such as acetylcholine, phenylephrine, and substance P, which are primarily linked to the production of fluid secretion in rat salivary glands, have yet to be determined.

5-Hydroxytryptamine modulation of rat parotid salivary gland secretion.

5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) has been reported to produce significant responses in blowfly salivary glands, but little information is available concerning its action on mammalian salivary glands. When 5-HT (0.1 mumol/L to 10 mumol/L) is infused i.

Effect of taurine on ethanol-induced sleep time in mice genetically bred for differences in ethanol sensitivity.

Long Sleep (LS) and Short Sleep (SS) mice were used in this study to investigate the interaction between ethanol and taurine. Sleep time (hypnosis) was selected as an index of ethanol-induced central nervous system depression. In order to achieve a similar degree of central nervous system depression with ethanol, SS and LS mice received 5.

Effects of substance P and substance P antagonists on rat salivary secretion.

The intra-arterial infusion of substance P produced dose-related responses of both parotid and submandibular salivary secretion in anesthetized rats. The substance P-induced secretion in both glands was inhibited by the substance P analogues [D-Arg1, D-Trp7.9, Leu11]-substance P and [D-Arg1, D-Pro2, D-Trp7.

The calcium dependency of mucus glycoconjugate secretion by canine tracheal explants.

Canine tracheal explants, incubated overnight with [14C]-glucosamine, elicited an enhanced secretion of ethanol-precipitated 14C-labelled glycoconjugate when challenged with methacholine, 10 microM. Explants were rendered deficient in total calcium content and unresponsive to methacholine, 10 microM, by incubating them in calcium-free medium for 18 to 22 h; however, the secretory response to the cholinergic agonist was restored with the addition of calcium to the medium. A dose-response relationship resulted when explants were challenged with methacholine in nutrient medium containing varied calcium concentrations (0.