[Idiopathic membranous nephropathy with focal segmental sclerosis].

Aim: To evaluate the clinical and pathological features and prognosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) with focal segmental sclerosis (FSGS) in a group of Russian patients.

Materials And Methods: 101 patients with morphologically verified IMN were enrolled in our single-center cohort retrospective study. The patients were divided into IMN group and IMN+FSGS group.

[Frailty and chronic kidney disease - the real problem of modern nephrology: A review].

The article deals with the syndrome of frailty or senile asthenia in patients with chronic kidney disease. The questions of prevalence, diagnosis, pathogenesis of this syndrome and its clinical consequences in chronic kidney disease are discussed.

[Clinical significance of the determination of antibodies to thrombospondin type 1 containing domain 7A (THSD7A) in membranous nephropathy].

Background: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an immunocomplex glomerular disease, which is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Numerous studies have established that autoantibodies against the target podocyte autoantigens, including the thrombospondin type 1 domain containing 7A (THSD7A), play a leading role in the development of idiopathic MN.

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of anti-THSD7A autoantibodies (anti-THSD7A AB) in a group of Russian patients with MN.

[State-of-the-art paradigm of corticosteroid therapy for immune-mediated inflammatory kidney diseases].

Since 1950's corticosteroids (CS) have remained the cornerstone of immunosuppressive therapy for immune-mediated kidney diseases. However multiple adverse events, associated with the prolonged CS therapy, became the basis for the development of novel treatment approaches. Current evidence supports the implementation of the steroid-sparing regimens for the treatment of different types of glomerulonephritis.

[The role of mineralocorticoid receptors hyperactivation in the development of cardiorenal complications in patients with diabetes mellitus, perspective of the selective nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptors antagonist's treatment: A review].

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation plays a key role in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and in the cardiovascular complications (CVC) development in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). RAAS blockers alone are not sufficient to prevent CVC and CVC progression. RAAS upregulation in CKD associated with DM triggers the mineralocorticoid receptors (MCR) hyperactivation which results in fibrosis and inflammation in the heart and kidneys.

Spin-orbit driven superconducting proximity effects in Pt/Nb thin films.

Manipulating the spin state of thin layers of superconducting material is a promising route to generate dissipationless spin currents in spintronic devices. Approaches typically focus on using thin ferromagnetic elements to perturb the spin state of the superconducting condensate to create spin-triplet correlations. We have investigated simple structures that generate spin-triplet correlations without using ferromagnetic elements.

[Kidney damage caused by lead exposure: historical aspects].

The article presents an historical analysis of publications devoted lead intoxication to kidney damage developing during contact with lead. It is shown that one of the manifestations of occupational intoxication with this metal can be toxic nephropathy.

[Modern view on the complement system role in membranous nephropathy].

Membranous nephropathy (MN), an immune-mediated glomerular disease, is the most common cause of adult nephrotic syndrome. In MN, proteinuria is developed by podocyte damage due to the complement system activation in response to the subepithelial deposition of immune complexes containing various auto- and exogenous antigens. Membrane-attacking complex (MAC) is the terminal product of any complement pathways activation (classical, lectin or alternative) and plays the leading role in the complement-mediated podocytic damage.

[Lupus nephritis in the XXI century].

Lupus nephritis (LN) is the most common organ lesion in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), developing in 4050% of patients. Due to immunosuppressive therapy, the survival of patients with SLE has increased significantly over the past 50 years, and the proportion of severe kidney damage in the death structure has decreased. However, LN relapses and complications of immunosuppression, accelerated atherogenesis, concomitant diseases lead to the accumulation of organ damage and an increased risk of death.

[The Rehberg-Tareev test in assessing the glomerular filtration rate].

The history of glomerular filtration rate assessment is presented, an important step of which was the glomerular filtration rate evaluation by the endogenous creatinine clearance (known as the RehbergTareev test). The article highlights the diagnostic value of the RehbergTareev test and its place among modern methods for assessing glomerular filtration rate.

Magnetoelectric effects in Josephson junctions.

The review is devoted to the fundamental aspects and characteristic features of the magnetoelectric effects, reported in the literature on Josephson junctions (JJs). The main focus of the review is on the manifestations of the direct and inverse magnetoelectric effects in various types of Josephson systems. They provide a coupling of the magnetization in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor JJs to the Josephson current.

Dynamic Spin-Triplet Order Induced by Alternating Electric Fields in Superconductor-Ferromagnet-Superconductor Josephson Junctions.

Dynamic states offer extended possibilities to control the properties of quantum matter. Recent efforts are focused on studying the ordered states which appear exclusively under the time-dependent drives. Here, we demonstrate a class of systems which feature dynamic spin-triplet superconducting order stimulated by the alternating electric field.

[Kidney injury associated with antitumor therapy: focus on the adverse events of modern immuno-oncological drugs].

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1), are a new generation of immuno-oncological drugs that to date have demonstrated efficacy in a number of malignancies. The mechanism of ICT inhibitors action consist in the potentiation of the immune response by eliminating the tumor cells inhibitory effect on the T-lymphocytes activation. However, excessive immune system activation can cause the development of a special class of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) involved a wide variety of organs and systems, including the kidneys.

Urinary Markers of Podocyte Dysfunction in Chronic Glomerulonephritis.

Chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is a disease with a steady progressive course that involves the development of nephrosclerosis, which is especially evident in clinical courses with incidences of high proteinuria (PU). Currently, proteinuria is considered the main laboratory feature (sign) of CGN activity and progression because proteinuria is closely related to the process of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, which is correlated with the grade of renal insufficiency. The injury to podocytes, which are key components of the filtration barrier, plays a central role in proteinuria development.

[Modern view on treatment of membranous nephropathy].

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Since the moment of animal model creation and the recognition of podocytes damage as a key mechanism of MN development, the identification of antigens, first of all the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R), and the development of methods of PLA2R autoantibodies detection and its monitoring opened a new era in the idiopathic MN (iMN) diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation. MN continues to be actively studied in the new millennium, since a number of aspects of its pathogenesis still need to be clarified, and there is still no clear opinion on the iMN treatment optimal approach.

[Changes in metabolic parameters and glomerular filtration rate in patients with morbid obesity after bariatric surgery].

Aim: To study the effect of weight loss in the short term after bariatric surgery (BO) on metabolic parameters and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with morbid obesity.

Materials And Methods: We studied 40 adult (over 18 years) patients with morbid obesity who underwent bariatric surgery. Metabolic indices and calculated GFR according to the CKD-EPI formula in patients before and after bariatric surgery were compared.

[The balance of proinflammatory cytokines and Treg cells in chronic glomerulonephritis].

Unlabelled: Chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is a disease with a steadily progressing course, which is based on inflammation with the activation of immune cells. The severity of the inflammatory reaction in the kidney tissue is determined by the balance of locally pro-inflammatory factors and protective mechanisms, which include anti-inflammatory cytokines and T-regulatory lymphocytes (Treg). The study of processes that can modulate the severity of inflammation in the kidney is of particular interest for understanding the basic patterns of CGN progression.

[Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: consensus of hematologists and nephrologists of Russia on the establishment of nosology, diagnostic approach and rationale for clone specific treatment].

Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) is a new nosology in modern nephrology and oncohematology. MGRS is defined as kidney injury due to nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulin produced by the B-cell line clone which does not reach the hematological criteria for specific treatment initiation. Monoclonal proteins pathological effects on kidney parenchyma result in irreversible decline of kidney function till the end stage renal disease that in line with the position of International Consensus of hematologists and nephrologists determinates critical necessity for clone specific treatment in patients with MGRS despite the absence of hematological indications for treatment initiation.