Disruption of Rich-Club Connectivity in Cushing Disease.

Objective: Cushing disease (CD) is a rare clinical disease in which brain structural and function are impaired as the result of excessive cortisol. However, little is known whether rich-club organization changes in patients with CD, as visualized on resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), can reverse to normal conditions after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the functional connectivity of rich-club organization is affected and whether any abnormal changes may reverse after TSS.

Lnc-THOR silencing inhibits human glioma cell survival by activating MAGEA6-AMPK signaling.

Long non-coding RNA THOR (Lnc-THOR) binds to IGF2BP1, essential for its function. We here show that Lnc-THOR is expressed in human glioma tissues and cells. Its expression is extremely low or even undetected in normal brain tissues, as well as in human neuronal cells and astrocytes.

Deep brain stimulation in post-traumatic dystonia: A case series study.

Aims: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been proposed as an effective treatment for drug-intolerant isolated dystonia, but whether it is also efficacious for posttraumatic dystonia (PTD) is unknown. Reports are few in number and have reached controversial conclusions regarding the efficacy of DBS for PTD treatment. Here, we report a case series of five PTD patients with improved clinical benefit following DBS treatment.

Bilateral anterior capsulotomy enhances medication compliance in patients with epilepsy and psychiatric comorbidities.

Objectives: Patients with epilepsy and refractory comorbid psychiatric disorders often experience functional impairments and a lower quality of life as well as showing a lack of compliance with anti-epileptic medication regimens. We reasoned that widespread clinical benefits could be gained if the psychiatric comorbidities among these patients were reduced. In this study, we assessed the utility of anterior capsulotomy in managing medication-refractory comorbid psychotic symptoms and aggression in patients with epilepsy.

The safety issues and hardware-related complications of deep brain stimulation therapy: a single-center retrospective analysis of 478 patients with Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established therapy for the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) in patients experiencing motor fluctuations and medication-refractory tremor. Despite the relative tolerability and safety of this procedure, associated complications and unnatural deaths are still unavoidable.

Methods: In this study, hardware-related complications and the causes of unnatural death were retrospectively analyzed in 478 patients with PD who were treated with DBS.

Long-term follow-up of bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation for refractory tardive dystonia.

Background: No effective treatment for tardive dystonia (TD) has been well established. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) can ameliorate motor manifestations in primary dystonia, and may also be an effective approach for TD.

Objectives: This study aimed to illuminate the long-term efficacy and safety of subthalamic nucleus (STN)-DBS in treating TD.

Modulations on cortical oscillations by subthalamic deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson disease: A MEG study.

Objective: The study aimed to explore the modification to cortical oscillations of Parkinson disease (PD) patients by subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS).

Methods: With Magnetoencephalogram (MEG) detection, we examined the changes in absolute power spectrum of cortical oscillations in the PD patients with the treatment of STN DBS.

Results: The power analysis of PD patients showed a dominant over-synchronization of alpha and beta bands in temporal and occipital areas relative to the healthy control subjects.

Influence of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on cognitive function in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective technique for treating Parkinson's disease (PD) in the middle and advanced stages. The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is the most common target for clinical treatment using DBS. While STN-DBS can significantly improve motor symptoms in PD patients, adverse cognitive effects have also been reported.

Metabolic imaging of deep brain stimulation in anorexia nervosa: a 18F-FDG PET/CT study.

Objectives: Anorexia nervosa (AN), a disorder of unknown etiology, has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder. Drawing the brain metabolic pattern of AN may help to target the core biological and psychological features of the disorder and to perfect the diagnosis and recovery criteria. In this study, we used 18F-FDG PET to show brain metabolic network for AN.

Metabolic imaging of bilateral anterior capsulotomy in refractory obsessive compulsive disorder: an FDG PET study.

The therapeutic benefits of bilateral capsulotomy for the treatment of refractory obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are probably attributed to interruption of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuitry. We evaluated resting brain metabolism and treatment response in OCD patients using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. [(18)F]-fluoro-deoxy-glucose PET was performed in eight OCD patients precapsulotomy and postcapsulotomy.

Modulation of metabolic brain function by bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) was proposed as an effective way to improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). We studied metabolic modulation in the brain by bilateral STN stimulation using FDG PET. Five PD patients (age 61.

Changes of procedural learning in Chinese patients with non-demented Parkinson disease.

To study procedural learning changes in patients with non-demented Parkinson disease (PD) but without depression. The Nissen serial reaction time task (SRTT) software version II (as a task of procedural learning), the Wechsler Memory Scale-Chinese version (WMS-CR), and two tasks of implicit memory were applied to 20 PD patients with a Hoehn-Yahr score at I-II degrees and 20 matched healthy controls were enrolled for the Nissen Version test. In the explicit WMS-CR and the implicit (word stem completion and degraded picture naming) tasks, the patients' scores fell within normal limits.

Economic burden of Parkinson's disease in a developing country: a retrospective cost analysis in Shanghai, China.

We investigated economic costs from patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in Shanghai, China, which could be used as a baseline for future evaluations. Data were collected from 190 patients by interview during 1-year period. Direct medical care costs averaged approximately Chinese yuan, renminbi (RMB) 4,305 (USD 519, or EUR 410) per year per patient, of which drugs (RMB 2,677) accounted for the major costly component.

Effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation on resting-state cerebral glucose metabolism in advanced Parkinson's disease.

Background: The major neuropathological symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) consist of a loss of pigmented dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies. This study was to investigate the effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation on resting-state cerebral glucose metabolism in advanced PD, and investigate the mechanism of deep brain stimulation (DBS).

Methods: Seven consecutive advanced PD patients (4 men and 3 women, mean age 64 +/- 4 years, mean H-Y disability rating 4.

Aetiology of epilepsy in surgically treated patients in China.

The aim of this retrospective, multicenter clinical study was to evaluate the aetiology of epilepsy in surgically treated patients in China. The detailed clinical records of all intractable partial epilepsy (IPE) were reviewed in five tertiary referral centres from June 1991 to June 2000. 1650 patients (927 males, 723 females) were recruited.

Anticopper efficacy of captopril and sodium dimercaptosulphonate in patients with Wilson's disease.

The aim of this study was to explore and compare initial treatment effects of captopril (Tensiomin) and sodium dimercaptosulphonate (DMPS) on a relatively large series of Wilson's disease inpatients. Two important markers of anticopper efficacy: serum sulphydryl and 24 h urinary copper levels in the patients were evaluated before and after treatment. The patients were randomly subdivided into 4 groups to allow statistical analysis (ANOVA) of the values recorded.