Studies on fluid dynamics of the flow field and gas transfer in orbitally shaken tubes.

Orbitally shaken cylindrical bioreactors [OrbShake bioreactors (OSRs)] without an impeller or sparger are increasingly being used for the suspension cultivation of mammalian cells. Among small volume OSRs, 50-mL tubes with a ventilated cap (OSR50), originally derived from standard laboratory centrifuge tubes with a conical bottom, have found many applications including high-throughput screening for the optimization of cell cultivation conditions. To better understand the fluid dynamics and gas transfer rates at the liquid surface in OSR50, we established a three-dimensional simulation model of the unsteady liquid forms (waves) in this vessel.

[Advances in effector protein of histone methylation].

As a significant epigenetic regulation mechanism, histone methylation plays an important role in many biological processes. In cells, there are various histone methyltransferases and histone demethylases working cooperatively to regulate the histone methylation state. Upon histone modification, effector proteins recognize modification sites specifically, and affect gene transcriptional process.