An Introduced RNA-Only Approach for Plasmid Curing via the CRISPR-Cpf1 System in .

The CRISPR-Cas system has been widely used for genome editing due to its convenience, simplicity and flexibility. Using a plasmid-carrying Cas protein and crRNA or sgRNA expression cassettes is an efficient strategy in the CRISPR-Cas genome editing system. However, the plasmid remains in the cells after genome editing.

Deletion of NTH1 and HSP12 increases the freeze-thaw resistance of baker's yeast in bread dough.

Background: The intracellular molecule trehalose in Saccharomyces cerevisiae may have a major protective function under extreme environmental conditions. NTH1 is one gene which expresses trehalase to degrade trehalose. Small heat shock protein 12 (HSP12 expressed) plays a role in protecting membranes and enhancing freezing stress tolerance.