LTA4H improves the tumor microenvironment and prevents HCC progression via targeting the HNRNPA1/LTBP1/TGF-β axis.

Leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H), an inflammatory mediator, has garnered attention for its role in the development of chronic lung diseases and various cancers. Our study highlights the protective role of LTA4H in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and progression. LTA4H is downregulated in clinical and mouse HCC tumors.

An Intelligent Grading Model for Myopic Maculopathy Based on Long-Tailed Learning.

Purpose: To develop an intelligent grading model for myopic maculopathy based on a long-tail learning framework, using the improved loss function LTBSoftmax. The model addresses the long-tail distribution problem in myopic maculopathy data to provide preliminary grading, aiming to improve grading capability and efficiency.

Methods: This study includes a data set of 7529 color fundus photographs.

Combining HIIT with Small-Sided Soccer Games Enhances Cardiometabolic and Physical Fitness More Than Each Alone in Overweight Youth: A Randomized Controlled Study.

This study aimed to compare the effects of a combined high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and small-sided games (SSG) training program (SSG + HIIT) with training programs consisting solely of either HIIT or SSG on the cardiometabolic and physical fitness of sedentary, overweight youth. A randomized, parallel-controlled study design was employed, with interventions lasting six weeks (twice a week, with each work time lasting 12-16 minutes). Fifty-seven sedentary, overweight male youth participants (15.

wStri spread dynamics in Nilaparvata lugens via discrete mathematical models.

Wolbachia, an intracellular bacterium, is well-known for inducing cytoplasmic incompatibility, which has become a promising and environmentally sustainable strategy for controlling pest populations. The strain wStri, specifically identified in Nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper), has shown potential for such biocontrol applications. In this study, we develop a comprehensive discrete mathematical model to analyze the dynamics of wStri spread in a mixed population of wStri-infected, wLug-infected, and uninfected Nilaparvata lugens under both constant and periodically varying environmental conditions.

The autonomic response following taVNS predicts changes in level of consciousness in DoC patients.

Advancements in emergency medicine and critical care have significantly improved survival rates for patients with severe acquired brain injuries(sABI), subsequently increasing the prevalence of disorders of consciousness (DoC) such as Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS) and Minimally Conscious State (MCS). However, the assessment of conscious states relies on the observation of behavioral responses, the interpretation of which may vary from evaluator to evaluator, as well as the high rate of misdiagnosis, which together pose significant challenges for clinical diagnosis. The study investigates the utility of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in modulating autonomic responses, as evidenced through heart rate variability (HRV), for distinguishing between healthy individuals and DoC patients and for prognosticating patient outcomes.

Contact patterns between index patients and their close contacts and assessing risk for COVID-19 transmission during different exposure time windows: a large retrospective observational study of 450 770 close contacts in Shanghai.

Introduction: To characterise age-mixing patterns among index cases and contacts of COVID-19, and explore when patients are most infectious during the disease process.

Methods: This study examined all initial 90 885 confirmed index cases in Shanghai and their 450 770 close contacts. A generalised additive mixed model was used to analyse the associations of the number of close contacts with different demographic and clinical characteristics.

Dynamic approach to the two-dimensional nonreciprocal XY model with vision cone interactions.

Inspired by biological and artificial systems, the nonreciprocal XY model with a vision cone interaction has been introduced. In this paper, we clarify that the model on the square lattice with the vision cone angle in a narrow regime, Θ∈(360^{∘},358.5^{∘}), undergoes two Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) phase transitions, while it exhibits a single second-order phase transition with Θ∈(358.

Protection afforded by post-infection SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses: A cohort study in Shanghai.

Background: In many settings, a large fraction of the population has both been vaccinated against and infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hence, quantifying the protection provided by post-infection vaccination has become critical for policy. We aimed to estimate the protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection of an additional vaccine dose after an initial Omicron variant infection.

Trends in the Use of Medicare Home Health Care among Congregate Living Residents.

Objective: To examine trends in home health care (HHC) use in congregate living and compare characteristics of HHC use between Medicare patients in congregate living and those in other home settings.

Design: Retrospective cohort study describing HHC use, in and outside of congregate living, using national Medicare claims, assessment, and administrative data (2014-2019). We compared HHC use by setting, on HHC quality, planned visit quantity, referral source (post-acute or community-initiated), and recertifications.

Endoscopic-Assisted Pterygomandibular Approach for Parapharyngeal Tumor Resection: A Case Series.

Background: The endoscope-assisted pterygomandibular ligament approach for the resection of parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors has been reported in a limited number of cases, with insufficiently detailed procedural descriptions.

Purpose: The study purpose was to report clinically relevant outcomes among patients who underwent endoscopy-assisted pterygomandibular ligament resection for PPS tumors.

Study Design, Setting, And Sample: This study was a retrospective case series analyzing patients treated between January 2018 and July 2021 at the Department of Otolaryngology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.

Hydrogen sulphide alleviates platelet dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Hyperglycaemia stimulate platelet activation by reducing platelet HS concentrations, potentially leading to cardiovascular events. Exogenous supplementation with HS reversed this abnormal platelet activation under hyperglycaemia.

Soft Wetting Ridge Rotation in Sessile Droplets and Capillary Bridges.

We investigate the deformation of soft solid layers in the presence of sessile droplets or capillary bridges. Unlike models that assume Young's law governs the contact angle, we incorporate the surface tension balance at the contact line to analyze the rotation of the wetting ridge and the corresponding change in the contact angle. Our findings reveal that the rotation direction of the wetting ridge aligns with the sign of the Laplace pressure.

Preparation of alkali-activated oil shale residue-slag geopolymer-based binder using calcium carbide slag and sodium carbonate as alkali activator.

Based on the reuse of industrial solid wastes such as calcium carbide slag, slag, and oil shale residue, this work utilizes oil shale residue and slag as precursor materials, calcium carbide slag and sodium carbonate as alkaline activator to prepare a geopolymer-based binder. Mix proportion experiments of the geopolymer-based binder with varying oil shale residue contents were designed. Chemical composition and microstructure of the alkaline-activated oil shale residue-slag geopolymer-based binder system were analyzed using X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF), X-ray Powder Diffractometer (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

Enhanced CH emissions from global wildfires likely due to undetected small fires.

Monitoring methane (CH) emissions from terrestrial ecosystems is essential for assessing the relative contributions of natural and anthropogenic factors leading to climate change and shaping global climate goals. Fires are a significant source of atmospheric CH, with the increasing frequency of megafires amplifying their impact. Global fire emissions exhibit large spatiotemporal variations, making the magnitude and dynamics difficult to characterize accurately.

Signatures of H3K4me3 modification predict cancer immunotherapy response and identify a new immune checkpoint-SLAMF9.

H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) modification and related regulators extensively regulate various crucial transcriptional courses in health and disease. However, the regulatory relationship between H3K4me3 modification and anti-tumor immunity has not been fully elucidated. We identified 72 independent prognostic genes of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) whose transcriptional expression were closely correlated with known 27 H3K4me3 regulators.

Metabolic reprogramming induced by PSMA4 overexpression facilitates bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma(MM) remains incurable with high relapse and chemoresistance rates. Differentially expressed genes(DEGs) between newly diagnosed myeloma and secondary plasma cell leukemia(sPCL) were subjected to a weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA). Drug resistant myeloma cell lines were established.

High Body Roundness Index Is Associated With Unhealthy Sleep Patterns: Insights From NHANES (2007-2014).

Background: Substantial evidence suggests an association between obesity and sleep. However, research investigating sleep patterns in relation to novel anthropometric indices is limited. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2014 to examine the relationship between the body roundness index (BRI) and unhealthy sleep patterns.

Recent methane surges reveal heightened emissions from tropical inundated areas.

Record breaking atmospheric methane growth rates were observed in 2020 and 2021 (15.2±0.5 and 17.

ASB1 engages with ELOB to facilitate SQOR ubiquitination and HS homeostasis during spermiogenesis.

Male infertility, frequently driven by oxidative stress, impacts half of infertile couples globally. Despite its significance, the precise mechanisms governing this process remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that ASB1, the substrate recognition subunit of a ubiquitin ligase, is highly expressed in the mouse testis.

Single-Cell Transcriptomics Uncovers Core Signature for Regulating Mitochondrial Homeostasis During Testicular Ageing.

Testicular ageing is accompanied by a series of morphological changes, while the features of mitochondrial dysfunction remain largely unknown. Herein, we observed a range of age-related modifications in testicular morphology and spermatogenic cells, and conducted single-cell RNA sequencing on young and old testes in Drosophila. Pseudotime trajectory revealed significant changes in germline subpopulations during ageing.

Ectopic endometrial stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles encapsulating microRNA-25-3p induce endometrial collagen I deposition impairing decidualization in endometriosis.

Endometrial collagen I undergoes dynamic degradation and remodelling in response to endometrial stromal cell (ESC) decidualization and embryo implantation. However, excessive collagen I deposition in the endometrium during the implantation window may impair decidualization, causing embryo implantation failure in patients with endometriosis (EMS). We found that endometrial collagen I expression during the mid-secretory phase was increased in the EMS group of patients.

The 2023 report of the synergetic roadmap on carbon neutrality and clean air for China: Carbon reduction, pollution mitigation, greening, and growth.

The response to climate change and air pollution control demonstrates strong synergy across scientific mechanisms, targets, strategies, and governance systems. This report, based on a monitoring indicator system for coordinated governance of air pollution and climate change, employs an interdisciplinary approach combining natural and social sciences. It establishes 20 indicators across five key areas: air pollution and climate change, governance systems and practices, structural transformation and technologies, atmospheric components and emission reduction pathways, and health impacts and co-benefits.

Safety, pharmacokinetics, and early bactericidal activity of quabodepistat in combination with delamanid, bedaquiline, or both in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomised, active-controlled, open-label trial.

Background: Quabodepistat (formerly OPC-167832) showed potent activity in preclinical studies and in the first stage of an early bactericidal activity study in adults with smear-positive, drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis. Stage 2 of this study was designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and early bactericidal activity of quabodepistat in combination with delamanid, bedaquiline, or both versus rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide combination therapy for 14 days.

Methods: Stage 2 of this open-label, active-controlled, randomised, parallel-group study was conducted at two research sites in South Africa in adults (aged 18-64 years) with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis.

Effect of day 3 embryo cell number on the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of day 4 single embryo transfer from fresh cycles.

Background: The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to assess the impact of day 3(D3) embryo cell number on the clinical pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of day 4(D4) single embryo transfer in fresh cycles.

Methods: The study included 431 day 4 single embryo transfer in fresh cycles conducted between December 2018 and June 2023. These cycles were divided into three groups according to the day 3 embryo cell number: 248 cycles in the 7 ~ 9-cell group, 149 cycles in the 10 ~ 13-cell group and 34 cycles in the >13-cell group, and clinical pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes were compared among the three groups.