From bubbling to circulating fluidized bed combustion-development and comparison.

The most significant introduction of fluidized bed combustion technology took place about 50 years ago. Initially the combustion beds were of the bubbling type. Once the designs had reached commercial application, several drawbacks were discovered: Erosion on in-bed heat-exchanger tubes, insufficient combustion and desulphurization efficiencies with coal, unfavourable scale-up to electric utility-size.

Combustion of municipal solid waste in fluidized bed or on grate - A comparison.

Grate firing is the most common technology used for combustion of municipal solid waste. The more recently developed fluidized bed (FB) combustion is rarely employed for this purpose. The present work compares the technical properties of the two devices to find out why FB has not been more used, considering the recent importance of waste-to-energy.

Process aspects in combustion and gasification Waste-to-Energy (WtE) units.

The utilisation of energy in waste, Waste to Energy (WtE), has become increasingly important. Waste is a wide concept, and to focus, the feedstock dealt with here is mostly municipal solid waste. It is found that combustion in grate-fired furnaces is by far the most common mode of fuel conversion compared to fluidized beds and rotary furnaces.