Legged robots, especially quadruped robots, are widely used in various environments due to their advantage in overcoming rough terrains. However, falling is inevitable. Therefore, the ability to overcome a falling state is an essential ability for legged robots.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons and neuroinflammation. Recent studies have identified a role of T cells in the pathogenesis of PD. Additionally, these studies suggested that α-synuclein (α-Syn) is related to abnormal T-cell responses and may act as an epitope and trigger autoimmune T-cell responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Vitamin D status is associated with muscle strength and maintenance of muscle fibers. However, which serum vitamin D biomarker better reflects sarcopenia remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between various serum vitamin D biomarkers (total 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D], bioavailable 25(OH)D, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH) D], and vitamin D metabolite ratio [VMR]) and sarcopenia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Rapid and accurate diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) infections is important, and laboratory tests help diagnose CNS infections. Even when the patient has symptoms, laboratory tests often do not reveal any specific findings. The potential of vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) to be used as a biomarker for viral and bacterial CNS infections was studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of thermal treatment of blueberry was investigated using a designed grinding and continuous packaging system under oxygen-free conditions. The grinding, packaging, and heating at 90 °C for 30 min under anaerobic condition were compared to heating under aerobic conditions, showing complete inactivation of oxidative enzymes. Heating without oxygen retained anthocyanins and ascorbic acid whereas heating in atmospheric air does not.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder that leads to low bone mass and microstructural deterioration of bone tissue and increases bone fractures. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol compound, has pleiotropic effects including anti-oxidative, anti-aging, and anti-cancer effects. Resveratrol also has roles in increasing osteogenesis and in upregulating mitochondrial biogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA definitive study on the prevalence of adult unilateral hearing loss and hearing aid rehabilitation is lacking in Korea. The purpose of our study was to investigate the prevalence of adult unilateral hearing loss and the factors associated with hearing aid use in patients with unilateral hearing loss in South Korea. We obtained data from 2009 to 2012 from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES), a cross-sectional, nationwide and population-based survey in the Republic of Korea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDue to a rapidly expanding aging population, the incidence of age-related or degenerative diseases has increased, and efforts to handle the issue with regenerative medicine via adult stem cells have become more important. And it is now clear that the mitochondrial energy metabolism is important for stem cell differentiation. When stem cells commit to differentiate, glycolytic metabolism is being shifted to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to meet an increased cellular energy demand required for differentiated cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Inlay butterfly cartilage tympanoplasty makes the graft easy, and reduces operating time. The present study aimed to investigate the outcomes of microscopic versus endoscopic inlay butterfly cartilage tympanoplasty.
Subjects And Methods: In this retrospective study, the outcomes of 63 patients who underwent inlay butterfly cartilage tympanoplasty with small to medium chronic tympanic membrane perforation were evaluated.
Background: Acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) is characterized by the rapid onset of vertigo, nausea, vomiting and gait unsteadiness, which lasts for days.
Aims/objectives: We report cases as acute vestibular asymmetry disorder (AVAD), with presentations that mimic vestibular neuritis (VN) but without central lesions.
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of patients presenting with acute spontaneous vertigo lasting more than 24 h from January 2011 to June 2016.
In this work, an InGaAs/GaAsSb-based -type gate-all-around (GAA) arch-shaped tunneling fieldeffect transistor (TFET) was designed and analyzed using technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations. The device performance was investigated in views of the on-state current (), subthreshold swing (), and / ratio. For high current drivability, InGaAs/GaAsSb heterojunction is used to form the broken bandgap.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper report a junctionless fin-type field-effect-transistor based capacitorless dynamic random access memory using three-dimensional technology computer-aided design simulations. The proposed 1T-DRAM is made up of a silicon germanium storage region surrounding a silicon fin. When the two materials form a heterojunction, a potential well is formed by the band discontinuity which carriers can be stored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of interface traps on InGaAs-based vertical gate-all-around (GAA) tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs) has been investigated using technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation. The interface traps distributed within different energy levels () in the energy bandgap of a semiconductor material exhibit various influences on the device performances. In this work, InGaAs-based TFETs are simulated to analyze the effects on the on-state current (), off-state current (), threshold voltage (), subthreshold swing (), and the ambipolar characteristics according to and type of the interface traps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present a capacitorless one-transistor dynamic random-access memory (1T-DRAM) based on a Si/SiGe heterojunction double-gate MOSFET. In the proposed 1T-DRAM, the program process is based on band-to-band tunneling (BTBT) between gate 1 and gate 2 regions, and a sensing margin is defined by the amount of excess holes stored in the SiGe body region. Therefore, the sensing margin and retention time were affected by SiGe in the body region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, the effect of an AlGaN back-barrier on the electrical characteristics of InAlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) was investigated. The dependence of the thickness and the Al composition of the AlGaN back-barrier on the off-state current (I) of the devices was investigated. An InAlGaN/GaN HEMT with an AlGaN back-barrier of thickness 20 nm exhibited lower because of the carrier confinement effect, which was caused by the back-barrier.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Isolated acute audiovestibular loss is characterized by the sudden onset of unilateral hearing loss and prolonged vertigo.
Objective: The purpose of this study is aimed to identify the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the evaluation of isolated acute audiovestibular loss.
Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 31 patients with isolated acute audiovestibular loss from March 2007 to December 2017.
Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol
November 2019
Objectives: The traditional canal wall down mastoidectomy (CWDM) procedure commonly has potential problems of altering the anatomy and physiology of the middle ear and mastoid. This study evaluated outcomes in patients who underwent modified canal wall down mastoidectomy (mCWDM) and mastoid obliteration using autologous materials.
Methods: Our study included 76 patients with chronic otitis media, cholesteatoma, and adhesive otitis who underwent mCWDM and mastoid obliteration using autologous materials between 2010 and 2015.
Rationale: Acute unilateral audiovestibulopathy is a common neurotological syndrome. Differential diagnoses of acute unilateral audiovestibulopathy include viral infection, vascular insults, and tumors. Regarding vascular causes, ischemic stroke in the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) territory is known to be the leading cause of acute audiovestibular loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
September 2018
Objectives: To our knowledge, the influence of sleep deprivation on hearing levels has yet to be assessed in animals. Therefore, we evaluated whether auditory function was affected by sleep deprivation in rats.
Methods: Male Wistar rats (aged 9 weeks, weighing 300-400 g) were used for the study and were randomly assigned to a control (n = 15) or sleep deprivation group (n = 12).
Objectives: We questioned whether the extent of vestibular impairment affected the recovery of vestibular function in acute vestibular neuritis (VN). The objective of this study was to identify how the extent of vestibular impairment influenced the recovery from canal paresis (CP) in patients with VN.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 46 patients diagnosed with acute vestibulopathy between January 2012 and December 2015.
In this study, one-transistor dynamic random-access memory (1T-DRAM) based on a symmetric double-gate Si junctionless transistor is proposed using technology computer-aided design simulation. The proposed device uses double gates that play different roles in realizing 1T-DRAM operation. Gate 1 is used as a switching node, and Gate 2 is used as a storage node.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe endolymphatic sac (ES) is a cystic structure of the inner ear connected to the cochlea and vestibule, which plays a role in regulating ion homeostasis in inner ear fluid. Disruption of ion homeostasis can cause inner ear disorders with hearing loss and dizziness, such as Meniere's disease. Herein, we found, for the first time, functional evidence for the involvement of β- and β-adrenergic receptors in apical electrogenic ion transport by human ES epithelium by using electrophysiological/pharmacological and molecular biological methods, which were dependent on K and Cl ion transport.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVestibular schwannoma (VS) is an intracranial tumor that causes significant morbidity, including hearing loss, tinnitus, dizziness, and possibly even death from brainstem compression. However, FDA-approved pharmacologic treatments for VS do not exist. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, with potent chemoprotective effects in several cell types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Exp Otorhinolaryngol
September 2017
Objectives: Malignant external otitis (MEO) is a potentially fatal infection of the external auditory canal, temporal bone, and skull base. Despite treatment with modern antibiotics, MEO can lead to skull base osteomyelitis. Until now, there have been few studies on the prognostic factors of MEO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConclusion: The dehydration test using isosorbide is well tolerated when used to detect endolymphatic hydrops and may also be used to improve the sensitivity of ECoG performed on patients with MD, especially in poor hearing at low-frequency.
Objective: This prospective study was to explore the diagnostic utility of a dehydration test, administering oral isosorbide, which has been used to treat Meniere's disease (MD).
Method: Electrocochleography (ECoG) and the dehydration test with isosorbide were performed on 32 patients diagnosed with definite diagnosed MD.