Long-Term Follow-Up of Interstitial Lung Abnormalities in Low-Dose Chest CT in Health Screening: Exploring the Predictors of Clinically Significant Interstitial Lung Diseases Using Artificial Intelligence-Based Quantitative CT Analysis.

Purpose: This study examined longitudinal changes in interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) and predictors of clinically significant interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in a screening population with ILAs.

Materials And Methods: We retrieved 36891 low-dose chest CT records from screenings between January 2003 and May 2021. After identifying 101 patients with ILAs, the clinical findings, spirometry results, and initial and follow-up CT findings, including visual and artificial intelligence-based quantitative analyses, were compared between patients diagnosed with ILD ( = 23, 23%) and those who were not ( = 78, 77%).

Radiologic approach and progressive exploration of connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease: meeting the curiosity of rheumatologists.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is often observed in connective tissue diseases (CTDs), frequently in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, primary Sjögren's syndrome, and inflammatory myositis. Early detection of ILDs secondary to rheumatic diseases is important as timely initiation of proper management affects the prognosis. Among many imaging modalities, high-resuloution computed tomography (HRCT) serves the gold standard for finding early lung inflammatory and fibrotic changes as well as monitoring afterwards because of its superior spatial resolution.

Late-Onset Granulomatous Pneumonia in A Renal Transplant Recipient: A Clinical Grand Round Conference Case in 2022.

Late-onset pneumonia (PCP) can be developed in solid organ transplant (SOT) patients. Granulomatous pneumonia (GPCP) can occur in immunocompromised patients, but has rarely been reported in SOT recipients. The diagnosis of GPCP is difficult since the sensitivity of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage is low and atypical patterns are shown.

Erratum: Correction of Affiliations in the Article "Establishment of a Nationwide Korean Imaging Cohort of Coronavirus Disease 2019".

This corrects the article on p. e413 in vol. 35, PMID: 33258333.

Correction: Deep Learning With Chest Radiographs for Making Prognoses in Patients With COVID-19: Retrospective Cohort Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/42717.].

[Expert Opinion Questionnaire About Chest CT Scan Using A Negative Pressure Isolation Strecher in COVID-19 Patients: Image Quality and Infection Risk].

Purpose: To survey perceptions of certified physicians on the protocol of chest CT in patients with coronavirus (COVID-19) using a negative pressure isolation stretcher (NPIS).

Materials And Methods: This study collected questionnaire responses from a total of 27 certified physicians who had previously performed chest CT with NPIS in COVID-19 isolation hospitals.

Results: The nine surveyed hospitals performed an average of 116 chest CT examinations with NPIS each year.

Glucocorticoid pulse therapy in an elderly patient with post-COVID-19 organizing pneumonia: A case report.

Background: Pulmonary fibrosis often occurs as a sequel of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, in some cases, it can rapidly progress, similar to the acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease. Glucocorticoids are the standard treatment for severe COVID-19 pneumonia requiring oxygen supply; however, the post-COVID-19 efficacy of high-dose steroid therapy remains unclear. Here, we presented a case of an 81-year-old man who developed acute respiratory failure after COVID-19 and was treated with glucocorticoid pulse therapy.

Utility of accelerated T2-weighted turbo spin-echo imaging with deep learning reconstruction in female pelvic MRI: a multi-reader study.

Objectives: To determine the clinical feasibility of T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2-TSE) imaging with deep learning reconstruction (DLR) in female pelvic MRI compared with conventional T2 TSE in terms of image quality and scan time.

Methods: Between May 2021 and September 2021, 52 women (mean age, 44 years ± 12) who underwent 3-T pelvic MRI with additional T2-TSE using a DLR algorithm were included in this single-center prospective study with patient's informed consents. Conventional, DLR, and DLR T2-TSE images with reduced scan times were independently assessed and compared by four radiologists.

Clinical course and risk factors for development and progression of interstitial lung disease in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

This single-center, retrospective study aimed to investigate the course and prognostic factors of patients with primary Sjögren syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease (pSS-ILD). We included 120 pSS patients who underwent at least two high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans between 2013 and 2021. Clinical symptoms, laboratory data, HRCT findings, and pulmonary function test results were collected.

Diagnostic performance of standardized typical CT findings for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To meta-analyze diagnostic performance measures of standardized typical CT findings for COVID-19 and examine these measures by region and national income.

Methods: MEDLINE and Embase were searched from January 2020 to April 2022 for diagnostic studies using the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) classification or the COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) for COVID-19. Patient and study characteristics were extracted.

Deep Learning With Chest Radiographs for Making Prognoses in Patients With COVID-19: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: An artificial intelligence (AI) model using chest radiography (CXR) may provide good performance in making prognoses for COVID-19.

Objective: We aimed to develop and validate a prediction model using CXR based on an AI model and clinical variables to predict clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study included patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at multiple COVID-19 medical centers between February 2020 and October 2020.

Electronic Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury: A Case Report.

Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) has emerged as a social issue as e-cigarette use is rapidly increasing worldwide and is related to many deaths in the United States. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of EVALI in South Korea of a 24-year-old man with acute respiratory symptoms and a history of e-cigarette use. Chest CT revealed diffuse bilateral ground-glass opacities with subpleural sparing, airspace consolidation, and centrilobular micronodules as typical patterns of EVALI with organizing pneumonia and diffuse alveolar damage.

[Korean Clinical Imaging Guidelines for Justification of Diagnostic Imaging Study for COVID-19].

To develop Korean coronavirus disease (COVID-19) chest imaging justification guidelines, eight key questions were selected and the following recommendations were made with the evidence-based clinical imaging guideline adaptation methodology. It is appropriate not to use chest imaging tests (chest radiograph or CT) for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in asymptomatic patients. If reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction testing is not available or if results are delayed or are initially negative in the presence of symptoms suggestive of COVID-19, chest imaging tests may be considered.

Increased EAT volume after anthracycline chemotherapy is associated with a low risk of cardiotoxicity in breast cancer.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is a critical issue for patients with breast cancer. Change of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is associated with cardiac dysfunction. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between EAT and chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.

Impact of Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy on the Severity of COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Nationwide Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: We analyzed the differences between clinical characteristics and computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to establish potential relationships with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and clinical outcomes.

Methods: We compared the clinical characteristics and CT findings of COVID-19 patients from a nationwide multicenter cohort who were grouped based on the presence or absence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Differences between clinical characteristics and CT findings in these groups were analyzed.

Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis simulating pulmonary malignancy: A case report.

Rationale: Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis (NSG) has recently been termed "sarcoidosis with NSG pattern" for the disease entity representing nodular sarcoidosis with granulomatous pulmonary angiitis. It is characterized by sarcoid-like granulomas, vasculitis, and a variable degree of necrosis. Its rarity and nonspecific clinical symptoms can easily lead to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis.

Epicardial adipose tissue radiodensity is associated with all-cause mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

The radiodensity and volume of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) on computed tomography angiography (CTA) may provide information regarding cardiovascular risk and long-term outcomes. EAT volume is associated with mortality in patients undergoing incident hemodialysis. However, the relationship between EAT radiodensity/volume and all-cause mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis remains elusive.

Tissue Adequacy and Safety of Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy for Molecular Analysis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the tissue adequacy and complication rates of percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) for molecular analysis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: We performed a literature search of the OVID-MEDLINE and Embase databases to identify original studies on the tissue adequacy and complication rates of PTNB for molecular analysis in patients with NSCLC published between January 2005 and January 2020. Inverse variance and random-effects models were used to evaluate and acquire meta-analytic estimates of the outcomes.

Modified Reduced Field-of-View Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Prostate: Comparison With Reduced Field-of-View Imaging and Single Shot Echo-Planar Imaging.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the image quality and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with modified reduced field of view (FOV) based on 2-dimensional (2D)-selective radiofrequency excitations by tilting the excitation plane in prostate with reduced FOV using parallel-transmit-accelerated 2D-selective radiofrequency excitation and single-shot echo planar imaging (ssEPI).

Methods: Fifty patients who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging including 3 DWIs were included. Two observers independently performed qualitative image analyses using 5-point scale.

[Update in Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Interstitial Lung Abnormality].

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), based on the 2018 international clinical practice guidelines, can be diagnosed with a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and compatible clinical findings. Given that imaging is pivotal for IPF evaluation and diagnosis, more emphasis should be placed on the integration of clinical, radiological, and pathologic findings for multidisciplinary diagnosis. Interstitial lung abnormality (ILA), on the other hand, has a purely radiological definition based on the incidental identification of CT abnormalities.

[Korean Clinical Imaging Guidelines for the Appropriate Use of Chest MRI].

MRI has the advantages of having excellent soft-tissue contrast and providing functional information without any harmful ionizing radiation. Although previous technical limitations restricted the use of chest MRI, recent technological advances and expansion of insurance coverage are increasing the demand for chest MRI. Recognizing the need for guidelines on appropriate use of chest MRI in Korean clinical settings, the Korean Society of Radiology has composed a development committee, working committee, and advisory committee to develop Korean chest MRI justification guidelines.