Frontal lobe epilepsy and mild malformation with oligodendroglial hyperplasia: Further observations on electroclinical and imaging phenotypes, and surgical perspectives.

Objective: Mild malformation with oligodendroglial hyperplasia (MOGHE) is a recently described clinicopathologic entity, associated with drug-resistant epilepsy and extensive epileptogenic networks. Knowledge is accumulating about particular electroclinical phenotypes, correlations with imaging, and potential prognostic significance for surgical outcomes. The study adds relevant information by documenting the presence of a hyperkinetic frontal lobe seizure phenotype in adolescents and an epileptic encephalopathy phenotype in young children.

Ultra-High-Field 7 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Including Dynamic and Static Contrast-Enhanced T1-Weighted Imaging Improves Detection of Secreting Pituitary Microadenomas.

Objective: A prospective preoperative evaluation of 7 T ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with suspected pituitary microadenomas for both adenoma detection and intrasellar localization compared with 3 T MRI was carried out.

Materials And Methods: Patients underwent prospective preoperative standardized 3 and 7 T MRI. A distinct qualitative (lesion detection, intrasellar lesion location) and quantitative (lesion diameters, T1/T2 signal intensity ratio of the lesion to normal pituitary gland tissue) analysis was performed, along with an evaluation of image quality (IQ) regarding overall IQ, anatomical parameters, and artifacts; the findings of the qualitative analysis were compared with intraoperative findings and endocrinological outcomes.

Combined Artificial Intelligence Approaches Analyzing 1000 Conservative Patients with Back Pain-A Methodological Pathway to Predicting Treatment Efficacy and Diagnostic Groups.

Patients with back pain are common and present a challenge in everyday medical practice due to the multitude of possible causes and the individual effects of treatments. Predicting causes and therapy efficien cy with the help of artificial intelligence could improve and simplify the treatment. In an exemplary collective of 1000 conservatively treated back pain patients, it was investigated whether the prediction of therapy efficiency and the underlying diagnosis is possible by combining different artificial intelligence approaches.

Validation of automatic MRI hippocampal subfield segmentation by histopathological evaluation in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective: The present study validates the results of automated hippocampal subfield segmentation with histopathology in epilepsy patients undergoing epilepsy surgery.

Methods: We performed an automated hippocampal subfield segmentation on presurgical three-dimensional, T1-weighted magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition of Gradient Echoes Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data of 25 patients with unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis (HS), using Freesurfer Version 6.0.

Electro-clinical-pathological correlations in focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) at young ages.

The prevalence of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in pediatric patients with focal epilepsy is not exactly known because authors of publications in which the etiologies of epilepsies are listed, but which are not dealing specifically with epilepsy surgery issues, tend to lump together the many kinds of malformations of cortical development (MCD), of which FCDs, because of their relative frequency, are the most relevant subtypes. Out of 561 patients with MCD (children and adults) operated at centers in Europe who do feed data into the "European Epilepsy Brain Bank," 426 (76 %) had FCD.

Frameless stereotactic functional neuronavigation combined with intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging as a strategy in highly eloquent located tumors causing epilepsy.

Background: Intractable epilepsy due to tumors located in highly eloquent brain regions is often considered surgically inaccessible because of a high risk of postoperative neurological deterioration. Intraoperative MRI and functional navigation contribute to overcome this problem.

Objectives: To retrospectively investigate the long-term results and impact of functional neuronavigation and 1.

Mesenchymal stem cells promote oligodendroglial differentiation in hippocampal slice cultures.

We have previously shown that soluble factors derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) induce oligodendrogenic fate and differentiation in adult rat neural progenitors (NPCs) in vitro. Here, we investigated if this pro-oligodendrogenic effect is maintained after cells have been transplanted onto rat hippocampal slice cultures, a CNS-organotypic environment. We first tested whether NPCs, that were pre-differentiated in vitro by MSC-derived conditioned medium, would generate oligodendrocytes after transplantation.

Early diffusion-weighted MRI predicts regional neuronal damage in generalized status epilepticus in rats treated with diazepam.

We applied diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) in the pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) model to investigate the evolution of acute phase changes in brain diffusion with and without early anticonvulsive therapy correlated to long-term SE-induced neuronal cell loss. Hereby, DWI was performed before (baseline) and serially between 3 and 120 min after onset of SE in untreated and treated animals (n=15 in each group). Anticonvulsive-treated animals received 20 mg/kg diazepam at 15 min after onset of SE.