Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a platform for vaccination against bovine mastitis.

Mastitis is a major issue for the dairy industry. Despite multiple attempts, the efficacy of available mastitis vaccines is limited and this has been attributed to their incapacity to trigger robust cell-mediated immunity. Yeasts have recently been identified as promising antigen vectors capable of inducing T-cell responses, surpassing the antibody-biased mechanisms elicited by conventional adjuvanted vaccines.

The MKK3 module integrates nitrate and light signals to modulate secondary dormancy in .

Seed dormancy corresponds to a reversible blockage of germination. Primary dormancy is established during seed maturation, while secondary dormancy is set up on the dispersed seed, following an exposure to unfavorable factors. Both dormancies are relieved in response to environmental factors, such as light, nitrate, and coldness.

Surgical treatment of feline intracranial meningiomas: a retrospective study of 26 cases.

Background: Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for feline intracranial meningioma.

Objectives: To report clinical findings, complications, and outcomes following surgery for feline intracranial meningioma.

Methods: Medical records (01/2000-01/2017) of cats that underwent surgical excision of an intracranial meningioma at our institution were reviewed.

Prevalence of elbow dysplasia in 13 dog breeds in France: a retrospective radiographic study (2002-2022).

Objective: To describe the prevalence of elbow dysplasia (ED) in 13 dog breeds in France.

Animals: A total of 18,870 elbow radiographs taken from 2002 to 2022 were evaluated by 2 independent examiners.

Methods: For each breed, the incidence of each of the 4 International Elbow Working Group scoring classes was extracted from the database.

Mechanobiology of bacterial biofilms: Implications for orthopedic infection.

Postoperative bacterial infections are prevalent complications in both human and veterinary orthopedic surgery, particularly when a biofilm develops. These infections often result in delayed healing, early revision, permanent functional loss, and, in severe cases, amputation. The diagnosis and treatment pose significant challenges, and bacterial biofilm further amplifies the therapeutic difficulty as it confers protection against the host immune system and against antibiotics which are usually administered as a first-line therapeutic option.

Alternative splicing of BCL-x is controlled by RBM25 binding to a G-quadruplex in BCL-x pre-mRNA.

BCL-x is a master regulator of apoptosis whose pre-mRNA is alternatively spliced into either a long (canonical) anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL isoform, or a short (alternative) pro-apoptotic Bcl-xS isoform. The balance between these two antagonistic isoforms is tightly regulated and overexpression of Bcl-xL has been linked to resistance to chemotherapy in several cancers, whereas overexpression of Bcl-xS is associated to some forms of diabetes and cardiac disorders. The splicing factor RBM25 controls alternative splicing of BCL-x: its overexpression favours the production of Bcl-xS, whereas its downregulation has the opposite effect.

The hide-and-seek game of the oncogenic Epstein-Barr virus-encoded EBNA1 protein with the immune system: An RNA G-quadruplex tale.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the first oncogenic virus described in human. EBV infects more than 90% of the human population worldwide, but most EBV infections are asymptomatic. After the primary infection, the virus persists lifelong in the memory B cells of the infected individuals.

Deep embedding and alignment of protein sequences.

Protein sequence alignment is a key component of most bioinformatics pipelines to study the structures and functions of proteins. Aligning highly divergent sequences remains, however, a difficult task that current algorithms often fail to perform accurately, leaving many proteins or open reading frames poorly annotated. Here we leverage recent advances in deep learning for language modeling and differentiable programming to propose DEDAL (deep embedding and differentiable alignment), a flexible model to align protein sequences and detect homologs.

Impacts of tibial plateau levelling osteotomy on the tibial insertion of the medial collateral ligament of the canine stifle joint - A cadaveric study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the potential consequences of tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) for the medial collateral ligament (MCL) tibial insertion (TI) with a particular focus on the effects of the TPLO planning technique and of the size of saw blade.

Study Design: Eighty-six stifle joints were collected from 43 canine cadavers and dissected free of soft tissue to expose the MCL. The MCL insertion sites were first identified with Chinese ink on intact stifle joints, and then marked with radio-opaque barium sulfate after removal of the MCL.

The nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC) controls translation initiation in cis by recruiting nucleolin to the encoding mRNA.

Protein aggregates and abnormal proteins are toxic and associated with neurodegenerative diseases. There are several mechanisms to help cells get rid of aggregates but little is known on how cells prevent aggregate-prone proteins from being synthesised. The EBNA1 of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) evades the immune system by suppressing its own mRNA translation initiation in order to minimize the production of antigenic peptides for the major histocompatibility (MHC) class I pathway.

Morphometric assessment of the medial collateral ligament of the canine stifle joint.

Objective: The study provides a morphometric assessment of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the canine stifle joint.

Study Design: Eighty-six stifle joints were collected from 43 canine cadavers and dissected to free them of soft tissue and expose the collateral ligaments. The MCL insertion sites were identified with Chinese ink on intact stifle joints and also marked with radiopaque paste after removal of the MCL.

Mechanical evaluation of a novel angle-stable interlocking nail in a gap fracture model.

Objective: To describe the mechanical characteristics of a novel angle-stable interlocking nail (NAS-ILN) and compare them to those of a locking compression plate (LCP) by using a gap-fracture model.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Sample Population: Synthetic bone models.

Transoral ventral tympanic bulla osteotomy in cats: 13 cases (2016-2019).

Objective: To analyze the results of transoral ventral bulla osteotomy (TOVBO) in cats.

Animals: 13 client-owned cats treated by TOVBO between February 2016 and February 2019.

Procedures: Medical records of cats with a diagnosis of middle ear disease (MED) that underwent TOVBO were reviewed.

Biomechanical Comparison of Use of Two Screws versus Three Screws Per Fragment with Locking Plate Constructs under Cyclic Loading in Compression in a Fracture Gap Model.

Objectives:  The aim of this study was to measure and compare the stiffness and cyclic fatigue of two plate-bone model constructs, with either two or three locking screws per fragment, under cyclic compression.

Methods:  A 10-hole 3.5 mm stainless steel locking compression plate (LCP) was fixed 1 mm from a synthetic bone model in which the fracture gap was 47 mm.

Anatomical features of the canine C2-C3 spinal cord vascular environment.

Objective: Interarcuate branch (IAB) is a vascular structure, particularly developed in C2-3 intervertebral space, forming a dorsal bridge that connects ventral venous plexi in the vertebral canal. While precisely described in the human, the precise anatomical features of IABs have not been reported in the veterinary literature. The purpose of this study is to describe the features and relations of IABs in the C2-3 vertebral canal.

The different activities of RNA G-quadruplex structures are controlled by flanking sequences.

The role of G-quadruplex (G4) RNA structures is multifaceted and controversial. Here, we have used as a model the EBV-encoded EBNA1 and the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-encoded LANA1 mRNAs. We have compared the G4s in these two messages in terms of nucleolin binding, nuclear mRNA retention, and mRNA translation inhibition and their effects on immune evasion.

Evaluation of Preclinical Activity of Isatuximab in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

This study reports the pharmacologic effects of isatuximab, a CD38 mAb, on T- and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We analyzed CD38 expression in 50-T-ALL and 50 B-ALL clinical samples, and 16 T-ALL and 11 B-ALL cell lines. We primarily focused on assessments of isatuximab-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP).

Comparison of imaging techniques to detect migrating foreign bodies. Relevance of preoperative and intraoperative ultrasonography for diagnosis and surgical removal.

Objective: To report the relative sensitivity of different diagnostic imaging (DI) techniques to detect migrating foreign bodies (FB) in subcutaneous and underlying soft tissue structures of dogs and evaluate the value of intraoperative ultrasonography (intraop-US).

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Sample Population: Forty-one dogs.

Anti-prion Drugs Targeting the Protein Folding Activity of the Ribosome Reduce PABPN1 Aggregation.

Prion diseases are caused by the propagation of PrP, the pathological conformation of the PrP prion protein. The molecular mechanisms underlying PrP propagation are still unsolved and no therapeutic solution is currently available. We thus sought to identify new anti-prion molecules and found that flunarizine inhibited PrP propagation in cell culture and significantly prolonged survival of prion-infected mice.

The Impact of Aging on Spatial Abilities in Deaf Users of a Sign Language.

Research involving the general population of people who use a spoken language to communicate has demonstrated that older adults experience cognitive and physical changes associated with aging. Notwithstanding the differences in the cognitive processes involved in sign and spoken languages, it is possible that aging can also affect cognitive processing in deaf signers. This research aims to explore the impact of aging on spatial abilities among sign language users.

Mechanism of cystathionine-β-synthase inhibition by disulfiram: The role of bis(N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate)-copper(II).

Background: Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an endogenous mammalian gasotransmitter. Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) are the principal enzymes responsible for its biogenesis. A recent yeast screen suggested that disulfiram (a well-known inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase and a clinically used drug in the treatment of alcoholism) may inhibit CBS in a cell-based environment.