Understanding Permeability Changes in Vestibular Schwannomas as Part of the Dynamic Response to Radiosurgery Using Golden-Angle Radial Sparse Parallel Imaging: A Retrospective Study.

Background And Objectives: Vestibular schwannomas demonstrate different responses after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), commonly including a transient loss of internal enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted MRI thought to be due to an early reduction in tumor vascularity. We used dynamic contrast-enhanced based golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) MRI to characterize the vascular permeability changes underlying this phenomenon, with correlations to long-term tumor regression.

Methods: Consecutive patients with vestibular schwannoma who underwent SRS between 2017 and 2019, had a transient loss of enhancement after SRS, and had long-term longitudinal GRASP studies (6, 18, and 30 months) were included in this retrospective cohort analysis (n = 19).

[Achondroplasia : New era of orthopedic treatment?].

Achondroplasia is the most common skeletal dysplasia. With the development of new growth-promoting drug treatment for children and adolescents with achondroplasia, multidisciplinary care has become increasingly more important. In addition to orthopedic care, a specialized team comprised of pediatrics/endocrinology, radiology, neurosurgery, otorhinolaryngology, anesthesiology, physiotherapy, psychology and other disciplines is necessary to develop and implement a holistic concept to improve the quality of life for individuals affected by achondroplasia.

Advancing environmental monitoring: A comparative analysis of sequential radiochemical methods for precise alpha-particle spectrometry analysis of Am in soil and marine sediment samples.

Environmental monitoring of alpha-emitting radionuclides is crucial for assessing the long-term impacts of nuclear activities and understanding ecosystem dynamics. Thus, long-term marine environmental monitoring needs a precise analytical method for determining isotopes in sediment and soil samples. Because Am is the first decay product of Pu, its activity in the environment will grow during the next 50 years.

MRI of GlycoNOE in the human liver using GraspNOE-Dixon.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to develop a new MRI technique for non-invasive, free-breathing imaging of glycogen in the human liver using the nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE).

Methods: The proposed method, called GraspNOE-Dixon, uses a novel MRI sequence that combines steady-state saturation-transfer preparation with multi-echo golden-angle radial stack-of-stars sampling. Multi-echo acquisition enables fat/water-separated imaging for quantification of water-specific NOE.

Incidence of enamel defects on permanent canine teeth following extraction of linguoverted mandibular deciduous canine teeth in dogs.

Interceptive orthodontics may be indicated in puppies exhibiting dental malocclusion with linguoverted deciduous mandibular canine teeth to alleviate pain and prevent teeth interlock, which may affect growth and development of the mandibles. Historically extraction of deciduous mandibular canine teeth has been recommended as soon as a malocclusion is identified, often as early as 6-8 weeks of age and no later than 12 weeks of age. This early surgical intervention of deciduous teeth extractions risks potential damage to the developing permanent canine teeth resulting in enamel defects often referred to as a Turner's tooth or Turner's hypoplasia.

DCE-MRI of the liver with sub-second temporal resolution using GRASP-Pro with navi-stack-of-stars sampling.

Respiratory motion-induced image blurring and artifacts can compromise image quality in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) of the liver. Despite remarkable advances in respiratory motion detection and compensation in past years, these techniques have not yet seen widespread clinical adoption. The accuracy of image-based motion detection can be especially compromised in the presence of contrast enhancement and/or in situations involving deep and/or irregular breathing patterns.

Increased Homer Activity and NMJ Localization in the Vestibular Lesion Mouse Muscle.

We investigated the shuttling of Homer protein isoforms identified in soluble (cytosolic) vs. insoluble (membrane-cytoskeletal) fraction and Homer protein-protein interaction/activation in the deep postural calf ( and non-postural () muscles of mice, i.e.

Domestic and Family Violence Affecting Children and Young People from Culturally and Racially Marginalized Migrant Backgrounds in Australia: A Scoping Review of Child Experiences and Service Responses.

In Australia, children and families from culturally and racially marginalized (CARM) migrant backgrounds experience a range of compounding structural and interpersonal factors that limit help-seeking and exacerbate the impacts of domestic and family violence (DFV). This scoping review examines the current state of knowledge on how children and young people from CARM migrant backgrounds experience DFV, and the services that respond to DFV including child protection services. A systematic search was conducted across PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases and Google Scholar, alongside a complementary grey literature search.

Preliminary Experience with Three Alternative Motion Sensors for 0.55 Tesla MR Imaging.

Due to limitations in current motion tracking technologies and increasing interest in alternative sensors for motion tracking both inside and outside the MRI system, in this study we share our preliminary experience with three alternative sensors utilizing diverse technologies and interactions with tissue to monitor motion of the body surface, respiratory-related motion of major organs, and non-respiratory motion of deep-seated organs. These consist of (1) a Pilot-Tone RF transmitter combined with deep learning algorithms for tracking liver motion, (2) a single-channel ultrasound transducer with deep learning for monitoring bladder motion, and (3) a 3D Time-of-Flight camera for observing the motion of the anterior torso surface. Additionally, we demonstrate the capability of these sensors to simultaneously capture motion data outside the MRI environment, which is particularly relevant for procedures like radiation therapy, where motion status could be related to previously characterized cyclical anatomical data.

2023 White Paper on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis: EU IVDR 2017/746 Implementation/Impact, IVD/CDx/CLIA Approved Assays, High Dimensional Cytometry, Multiplexing Technologies, LBA Tissue Analysis, Vaccine Study Endpoints, Cell-Based Assays for Biomarkers, Cell Therapy and Vaccines ( - Recommendations on Development & Validation of Biomarkers, IVD, CDx, Cell-Based, Flow Cytometry, Ligand-Binding and Enzyme Assays; Advanced Critical Reagents Strategies).

The 17 Workshop on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis (17 WRIB) took place in Orlando, FL, USA on 19-23 June 2023. Over 1000 professionals representing pharma/biotech companies, CROs, and multiple regulatory agencies convened to actively discuss the most current topics of interest in bioanalysis. The 17 WRIB included 3 Main Workshops and 7 Specialized Workshops that together spanned 1 week to allow an exhaustive and thorough coverage of all major issues in bioanalysis of biomarkers, immunogenicity, gene therapy, cell therapy and vaccines.

Collaboration between IL-7 and IL-15 enables adaptation of tissue-resident and circulating memory CD8 T cells.

Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is considered a critical regulator of memory CD8 T cell homeostasis, but this is primarily based on analysis of circulating and not tissue-resident memory (T) subsets. Furthermore, the cell-intrinsic requirement for IL-7 signaling during memory homeostasis has not been directly tested. Using inducible deletion, we found that loss had only a modest effect on persistence of circulating memory and T subsets and that IL-7Rα was primarily required for normal basal proliferation.

Fat suppression using frequency-sweep RF saturation and iterative reconstruction.

Purpose: To introduce an alternative idea for fat suppression that is suited both for low-field applications where conventional fat-suppression approaches become ineffective due to narrow spectral separation and for applications with strong B0 homogeneities.

Methods: Separation of fat and water is achieved by sweeping the frequency of RF saturation pulses during continuous radial acquisition and calculating frequency-resolved images using regularized iterative reconstruction. Voxel-wise signal-response curves are extracted that reflect tissue's response to RF saturation at different frequencies and allow the classification into fat or water.

CD8 T cell tolerance: It doesn't translate.

The mechanisms that make and break CD8 T cell tolerance to self-antigens remain unclear. In this issue of Immunity, Van Der Byl et al. show that tolerant CD8 T cells rapidly adopt an epigenetically and transcriptionally distinct cell state and exhibit impaired protein translation.

Free-breathing high-resolution respiratory-gated radial stack-of-stars magnetic resonance imaging of the upper abdomen at 7 T.

Ultrahigh field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (≥ 7 T) has the potential to provide superior spatial resolution and unique image contrast. Apart from radiofrequency transmit inhomogeneities in the body at this field strength, imaging of the upper abdomen faces additional challenges associated with motion-induced ghosting artifacts. To address these challenges, the goal of this work was to develop a technique for high-resolution free-breathing upper abdominal MRI at 7 T with a large field of view.

Nitrosative Stress in Astronaut Skeletal Muscle in Spaceflight.

Long-duration mission (LDM) astronauts from the International Space Station (ISS) (>180 ISS days) revealed a close-to-normal sarcolemmal nitric oxide synthase type-1 (NOS1) immunoexpression in myofibers together with biochemical and quantitative qPCR changes in deep calf soleus muscle. Nitro-DIGE analyses identified functional proteins (structural, metabolic, mitochondrial) that were over-nitrosylated post- vs. preflight.

Vertical distribution of Am in the southern Baltic Sea sediment profiles.

The contamination of the Baltic Sea with radioactive substances occurred due to the global fallout of atmospheric nuclear weapon tests and the Chernobyl disaster. The knowledge of Am in the sediments of the Baltic Sea is limited. Thus, this study aimed to determine Am in sediment cores collected from the southern Baltic Sea.

Promoting a MOSAIC future in science.

Discoveries at the frontiers of science and finding solutions to pressing biomedical problems will be accelerated when talent, which is widely distributed, is better aligned with opportunities. Strategies to enhance a MOSAIC (Maximizing Opportunities for Scientific and Academic Independent Careers) professoriate and diversify the biomedical landscape are discussed.

MANdatory - why men need (and are needed for) gender equality progress.

While much progress has been made towards gender equality, diversity and inclusion in the workplace, education and society, recent years have also revealed continuing challenges that slow or halt this progress. To date, the majority of gender equality action has tended to approach gender equality from one side: being focused on the need to remove barriers for girls and women. We argue that this is only half the battle, and that a focus on men is MANdatory, highlighting three key areas: First, we review men's privileged status as being potentially threatened by progress in gender equality, and the effects of these threats for how men engage in gender-equality progress.

The presence of radiotoxic Po and Pb in Ukrainian wild medicinal plants and the assessment of related dose and cancer risk.

Herbal plants are considered natural pharmaceuticals but also accumulate chemical elements and compounds at high levels. Po and Pb are highly radiotoxic and may cause carcinogenesis due to ionizing radiation. Thirteen of the most popular wild-growing herbaceous plant species, mostly included in the European Pharmacopoeia, were collected across Ukraine.

Archaeal blooms and busts in an estuarine time series.

Coastal bays, such as Delaware Bay, are highly productive, ecologically important transitions between rivers and the coastal ocean. They offer opportunities to investigate archaeal assemblages across seasons, with the exchange of water masses that occurs with tidal cycles, and in the context of variable organic matter quality. For a year-long estuarine, size-fractionated time series, we used amplicon sequencing, chemical measurements, and qPCR to follow archaeal groups through the seasons.