Somatosensory cortex and body representation: Updating the motor system during a visuo-proprioceptive cue conflict.

The brain's representation of hand position is critical for voluntary movement. Representation is multisensory, relying on both visual and proprioceptive cues. When these cues conflict, the brain recalibrates its unimodal estimates, shifting them closer together to compensate.

The role of feedback in responding to gradual and abrupt visuo-proprioceptive cue conflict.

When people observe conflicting visual and proprioceptive cues about their static hand position, visuo-proprioceptive recalibration results. Recalibration also occurs during gradual or abrupt visuomotor adaptation, in response to both the cue conflict and sensory prediction errors experienced as the hand reaches to a target. Here we asked whether creating a cue conflict gradually vs.

Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of neurofeedback mindfulness in chronic migraines.

Chronic migraine is a debilitating headache disorder that is associated with excessive analgesic use. As the long-term use of analgesics could cause additional headaches due to medication overuse, there is a need to probe efficient nonprophylactic alternatives and migraineurs' long-term adherence to such possible treatments. This protocol investigates the integration of neurofeedback and mindfulness which are the two common nonpharmacological therapies for migraines.

The role of explicit knowledge in compensating for a visuo-proprioceptive cue conflict.

It is unclear how explicit knowledge of an externally imposed mismatch between visual and proprioceptive cues of hand position affects perceptual recalibration. The Bayesian causal inference framework might suggest such knowledge should abolish the visual and proprioceptive recalibration that occurs when individuals perceive these cues as coming from the same source (their hand), while the visuomotor adaptation literature suggests explicit knowledge of a cue conflict does not eliminate implicit compensatory processes. Here we compared visual and proprioceptive recalibration in three groups with varying levels of knowledge about the visuo-proprioceptive cue conflict.

REDUCE missed oral healthcare: The outcomes of and learnings from an implementation project in an acute geriatric unit.

Oral healthcare is one of the most missed aspects of fundamental care. Failure to provide reliable and effective daily oral healthcare for older patients can lead to hospital-acquired pneumonias, longer hospital stays, increased health costs, and poor patient experience. The objective of this study was to codesign, implement, and evaluate an oral healthcare intervention for older adults in a geriatric unit.

Frailty evidence-practice gaps in acute care hospitals.

Objectives: Frailty is common in hospitalised older people. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of frailty provide recommendations for identification and management; however, adoption into practice in hospitals is limited. This study identified and quantified the evidence-practice gap between frailty guidelines and clinical practice in two hospitals using an audit tool.

Hospital-Based Health Professionals' Perceptions of Frailty in Older People.

Background And Objectives: There is a high prevalence of frailty amongst older patients in hospital settings. Frailty guidelines exist but implementation to date has been challenging. Understanding health professional attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs about frailty is critical in understanding barriers and enablers to guideline implementation, and the aim of this study was to understand these in rehabilitation multidisciplinary teams in hospital settings.

Barriers and enablers to managing challenging behaviours after traumatic brain injury in the acute hospital setting: a qualitative study.

Background: Challenging behaviours after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the acute setting are associated with risk of harm to the patient and staff, delays in commencing rehabilitation and increased length of hospital stay. Few guidelines exist to inform practice in acute settings, and specialist services providing multi-disciplinary expertise for TBI behaviour management are predominantly based in subacute inpatient services. This study aims to investigate acute and subacute staff perspectives of barriers and enablers to effectively managing challenging behaviours after TBI in acute hospital settings.

Family experiences of the management of challenging behaviours after traumatic brain injury in the acute hospital setting.

Purpose: This study explored experiences of the management of challenging behaviours after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the acute hospital setting from the perspectives of family members.

Materials And Methods: A qualitative, interpretive phenomenological approach was adopted involving semi-structured interviews with 10 family members. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis, with Ecological Systems Theory applied as a guiding framework to discuss findings and implications for practice.

K2.1 is a regulator of inflammatory cell responses in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

K2.1 (TREK1), a two-pore domain potassium channel, has emerged as regulator of leukocyte transmigration into the central nervous system. In the context of skeletal muscle, immune cell infiltration constitutes the pathogenic hallmark of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs).

Middle aged and older adult's perspectives of their own home environment: a review of qualitative studies and meta-synthesis.

Background: Most people prefer to remain in their homes and communities as long as possible. Staying at home is widely beneficial as ageing within the home promotes independence and costs less than residential aged care. Understanding meanings and drivers of remaining at home is an area of importance.

Implementation of a frailty intervention in the transition from hospital to home: a realist process evaluation protocol for the FORTRESS trial.

Introduction: Frailty in Older people: Rehabilitation, Treatment, Research Examining Separate Settings (the FORTRESS study) is a multisite, hybrid type II, stepped wedge, cluster, randomised trial examining the uptake and outcomes of a frailty intervention. The intervention is based on the 2017 Asia Pacific Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Frailty and begins in the acute hospital setting and transitions to the community. The success of the intervention will require individual and organisational behaviour change within a dynamic health system.

Visuo-proprioceptive recalibration and the sensorimotor map.

Spatial perception of our hand is closely linked to our ability to move the hand accurately. We might therefore expect that reach planning would take into account any changes in perceived hand position; in other words, that perception and action relating to the hand should depend on a common sensorimotor map. However, there is evidence to suggest that changes in perceived hand position affect a body representation that functions separately from the body representation used to control movement.

Retention of visuo-proprioceptive recalibration in estimating hand position.

The brain estimates hand position using visual and proprioceptive cues, which are combined to give an integrated multisensory estimate. Spatial mismatches between cues elicit recalibration, a compensatory process where each unimodal estimate is shifted closer to the other. It is unclear how well visuo-proprioceptive recalibration is retained after mismatch exposure.

Self-assessment of the home environment to plan for successful ageing: Report from a digital health co-design workshop.

Many middle aged and older people will need to adapt or modify their home in order to age in place. Arming older people and their families with the knowledge and tools to assess their home and plan simple modifications ahead of time will decrease reliance on professional assessment. The objective of this project was to co-design a tool which enables people to assess their own home environment and make future plans for ageing in the home.

Clinical practice guideline recommendations for the management of challenging behaviours after traumatic brain injury in acute hospital and inpatient rehabilitation settings: a systematic review.

Purpose: Clinical practice guideline (CPG) recommendations for the management of challenging behaviours after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in hospital and inpatient rehabilitation settings are sparse. This systematic review aims to identify and appraise CPGs, and report high-quality recommendations for challenging behaviours after TBI in hospital and rehabilitation settings.

Materials And Methods: A three-step search strategy was conducted to identify CPGs that met inclusion criteria.

Balance effects of tactile stimulation at the foot.

Balance relies on several types of sensory information, including somatosensory senses such as touch and position sense (proprioception). As these senses decline in older adults, there is a question of whether shoes limit somatosensory feedback from the floor. Textured insoles are designed to stimulate the soles of the feet to enhance tactile feedback.

Association Between Serum Neurofilament Light and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Levels and Head Impact Burden in Women's Collegiate Water Polo.

Recent investigations have identified water polo athletes as at risk for concussions and repetitive subconcussive head impacts. Head impact exposure in collegiate varsity women's water polo, however, has not yet been longitudinally quantified. We aimed to determine the relationship between cumulative and acute head impact exposure across pre-season training and changes in serum biomarkers of brain injury.

Typical Development of Finger Position Sense From Late Childhood to Adolescence.

Finger position sense is a proprioceptive modality highly important for fine motor control. Its developmental time course is largely unknown. This cross-sectional study examined its typical development in 138 children (8-17 years) and a group of 14 healthy young adults using a fast and novel psychophysical test that yielded objective measures of position sense acuity.

Conscious awareness of a visuo-proprioceptive mismatch: Effect on cross-sensory recalibration.

The brain estimates hand position using vision and position sense (proprioception). The relationship between visual and proprioceptive estimates is somewhat flexible: visual information about the index finger can be spatially displaced from proprioceptive information, resulting in cross-sensory recalibration of the visual and proprioceptive unimodal position estimates. According to the causal inference framework, recalibration occurs when the unimodal estimates are attributed to a common cause and integrated.

Implementing a behavior management approach in the hospital setting for individuals with challenging behaviors during acute traumatic brain injury.

Primary Objective: This study aimed to determine if implementing a clinically pragmatic behavior management approach for challenging behaviors during acute TBI reduces use of restraints, security incidences, acute length of stay admission and cost, thereby improving progress to rehabilitation.

Research Design: This pilot study involved a behavior management group (n = 27), compared with a historical control group (n = 74).

Method And Procedures: The behavior management group received care following the implementation of a behavior management approach for challenging behaviors during acute TBI at two hospitals in South Australia.