Effect of Social Vulnerability Index on Betamethasone Timing in Patients at Risk of Preterm Birth.

Several social vulnerability index (SVI) components have been associated with adverse obstetrical outcomes and provider bias. The objective of this study is to assess whether betamethasone administration timing among patients at risk for preterm birth differs by social vulnerability index. A multicenter retrospective cohort study of pregnant people at a large academic healthcare system between January 2019 and January 2023.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Reaction of CH with Formaldehyde (CHO) at Very Low Temperatures and Application to Astrochemical Models.

Rate coefficients for the reaction of CH with CHO were measured for the first time over the temperature range of 37-603 K, with the CH radicals produced by pulsed laser photolysis and detected by CH radical chemiluminescence following their reaction with O. The low temperature measurements (≤93 K) relevant to the interstellar medium were made within a Laval nozzle gas expansion, while higher temperature measurements (≥308 K) were made within a temperature controlled reaction cell. The rate coefficients display a negative temperature dependence below 300 K, reaching (1.

Vacuum-induced management of hemorrhage using intrauterine foley catheter: A report of two cases.

Hemorrhage is a common postpartum complication which can also occur during abortion. Most cases can be managed with uterine evacuation and uterotonics, but some require additional procedures. We present cases of hemorrhage following dilation and evacuation, and delayed postpartum hemorrhage, where a Foley catheter was used for vacuum-induced hemorrhage control.

Incidence and awareness of dysphoric milk ejection reflex (DMER).

Objectives: To determine Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex (DMER) incidence. Secondary objectives were to describe the symptom profiles and patient characteristics of DMER and assess DMER familiarity.

Methods: A prospective observational study of people who initiated breastfeeding after delivery between December 2022 and May 2023 at two hospitals in New York.

Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Clinical Factors Associated with Postpartum Readmission.

To determine if socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical characteristics are associated with postpartum readmission. A retrospective cohort study evaluating all pregnant patients that delivered at seven hospitals within a large academic health system in New York between January 1, 2018 and March 1, 2020. Demographic information, medical comorbidities, and characteristics of antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum care were compared between patients who were readmitted within 6 weeks postpartum and those who were not.

Association between psychopharmacotherapy and postpartum hemorrhage.

Background: Prior studies evaluating the relationship between psychopharmacotherapy (PPT), and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) have yielded inconsistent findings. Clarifying this potential relationship is important for effective counseling and risk stratification.

Objectives: Our primary objective was to evaluate the association between prenatal exposure to PPT (any drug class) and the occurrence of PPH requiring transfusion of packed red blood cells (PPH+pRBC) after systematically adjusting for known hemorrhage risk factors at the time of admission for delivery.

Association of in vitro fertilization with severe maternal morbidity in low-risk patients without comorbidities.

Objective: To determine whether an association exists between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and severe maternal morbidity among low-risk pregnant patients.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic healthcare system.

Social vulnerability and prenatal diagnosis.

Objectives: There are limited data on how neighborhood-level risk factors affect the likelihood of having prenatal diagnosis. Neighborhood social vulnerability can be quantified and ranked using the social vulnerability index (SVI), a tool that measures the cumulative effect of external stressors in the local environment that may affect health outcomes. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between SVI and prenatal diagnosis among pregnant patients who received genetic counseling.

The association between uterine fibroid number and size and risk of preterm birth.

Background: While the association between uterine fibroids and preterm birth is well known, data regarding whether fibroid characteristics such as number and size modify such risk are limited.

Objective: To evaluate the association between fibroid number and size and risk of preterm birth and determine whether these characteristics impact the severity of preterm birth.

Study Design: Multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study including all patients with singleton gestations who had at least one prenatal ultrasound at 18 0/7 weeks of gestation or later and delivered within a large university health system from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2022.

Temperature-Dependent, Site-Specific Rate Coefficients for the Reaction of OH (OD) with Methyl Formate Isotopologues via Experimental and Theoretical Studies.

Methyl esters are an important component of combustion and atmospheric systems. Reaction with the OH radical plays an important role in the removal of the simplest methyl ester, methyl formate (MF, CHOCHO). In this paper, the overall rate coefficients for the reactions of OH and OD with MF isotopologues, studied under pseudo-first-order conditions, are reported using two different laser flash photolysis systems with the decay of OH monitored by laser-induced fluorescence.

Comparative analysis of ultrasonographic fetal lung texture in twin and singleton fetuses.

Objectives: Increased fetal lung heterogeneity has been associated with term fetal lungs in singleton gestations. The objective of this study was to determine if fetal lung heterogeneity index (HI) differs between twin and singleton fetuses in the late second and third trimesters.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of women with singleton and twin gestations with medically-indicated ultrasound examinations at 24 weeks of gestation onward.

Social Vulnerability Index and Surgical Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse.

Importance/study Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) is associated with the type of surgery for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) focusing on sacrocolpopexy (SCP) and uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS).

Study Design: This was a retrospective case-control study that included patients from 8 hospitals within a large academic health system in New York between January 1, 2018 and January 1, 2023. All patients 15-85 years of age with a preoperative diagnosis of POP who underwent a hysterectomy with an SCP or USLS were included.

Presence and Size of Placental Lakes on 20-Week Fetal Anatomy Ultrasound and Obstetrical Outcomes.

Our objective was to determine if placental lake presence or size is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This was a retrospective cohort of patients who had fetal anatomy ultrasounds at 18-22 weeks and delivered between 2018 and 2022. Placental lakes were classified as small (>2.

Environmental Justice Index and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Background: The Environmental Justice Index is a tool released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that quantifies and ranks the environmental burden and social vulnerability of each census tract. Racial and ethnic disparities in adverse pregnancy outcomes are well established. The relative contributions of individual (person-level) and environmental (neighborhood-level) risk factors to disease prevalence remain poorly understood.

Kinetics of the Gas-Phase Reactions of - and -CHCHOO Criegee Intermediate Conformers with SO as a Function of Temperature and Pressure.

Kinetics of reactions between SO and CHCHOO Criegee intermediate conformers have been measured at temperatures between 242 and 353 K and pressures between 10 and 600 Torr using laser flash photolysis of CHCHI/O/N/SO gas mixtures coupled with time-resolved broadband UV absorption spectroscopy. The kinetics of -CHCHOO + SO are pressure-dependent and exhibit a negative temperature dependence, with the observed pressure dependence reconciling apparent discrepancies between previous measurements performed at ∼298 K. Results indicate a rate coefficient of (4.

Solving the OH + Glyoxal Problem: A Complete Theoretical Description of Post-Transition-State Energy Deposition in Activated Systems.

Activated chemistry in coupled reaction systems has broadened our understanding of the chemical kinetics. In the case of intermediates formed in gas phase abstraction reactions (e.g.

Severity of excessive gestational weight gain and risk of severe maternal morbidity.

Background: Both obesity and excessive gestational weight gain are associated with severe maternal morbidity, but there is limited literature evaluating whether the risk of severe maternal morbidity is further increased by the degree or severity of excessive gestational weight gain.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether pregnant patients with excessive gestational weight gain who gained more than 50 lb were at increased risk of severe maternal morbidity compared with those who only moderately exceeded recommended gestational weight gain guidelines. A secondary objective was to determine whether patients who gained 10 lb more than the recommended upper limit of total weight gain for a given prepregnancy body mass index group were at increased risk of severe maternal morbidity compared with those who exceeded that upper limit by a lesser amount.

Clinical, Sociodemographic, and Neighborhood Characteristics Associated with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

Cardiovascular risk is increased by a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). Efforts to understand and prevent these adverse outcomes may improve both fetal and birthing persons' outcomes in the peripartum period, and over the patient's lifetime. This study aims to assess the association of clinical, sociodemographic, and economic neighbor-hood factors with preterm birth (PTB) and APOs (the composite of stillbirth, small for gestation age, and low birthweight).

Risk of Severe Maternal Morbidity Associated with Maternal Comorbidity Burden and Social Vulnerability.

Objective: We evaluated the associations of the obstetric comorbidity index (OB-CMI) and social vulnerability index (SVI) with severe maternal morbidity (SMM).

Study Design: Multicenter retrospective cohort study of all patients who delivered (gestational age > 20 weeks) within a university health system from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021. OB-CMI scores were assigned to patients using clinical documentation and diagnosis codes.

Association of Maternal Comorbidity Burden With Cesarean Birth Rate Among Nulliparous, Term, Singleton, Vertex Pregnancies.

Importance: Cesarean birth rate among nulliparous, term, singleton, vertex (NTSV) pregnancies is a standard quality measure in obstetrical care. There are limited data on how the number and type of preexisting conditions affect mode of delivery among primigravidae, and it is also uncertain how maternal comorbidity burden differs across racial and ethnic groups and whether this helps to explain disparities in the NTSV cesarean birth rate.

Objective: To determine the association between obstetric comorbidity index (OB-CMI) score and cesarean delivery among NTSV pregnancies and to evaluate whether disparities in mode of delivery exist based on race and ethnicity group after adjusting for covariate factors.