A 15-Year Bibliometric Analysis of Sports Medicine Studies in : A Systematic Review.

Background: Orthopaedic sports medicine is among the most popular subspecialties. Understanding the trends in sports medicine research over time can offer insight into progress and innovation within the field. The purpose of this study was to assess both the quality of the current literature and trends in gender diversity and inclusion by evaluating publishing characteristics of sports medicine studies in The from 2007 to 2021.

It's all about the patients: a shift in medical students' approach to learning during a novel distributed integrated clinical rotation.

Introduction: To ensure that pre-final year medical students at Stellenbosch University were able to resume clinical training during the COVID-19 pandemic, a 12-week integrated rotation was introduced, during which students were distributed across a widespread training platform in two provinces of South Africa, utilizing a range of health care facilities in both rural and urban areas, rather than the central academic hospital (CAH) in which they would have been doing clerkships. Called the Integrated Distributed Engagement to Advance Learning (IDEAL) rotation, this clerkship was based on supervised engagement in healthcare services, focusing on patient-based clinical training, self-regulated learning and student participation as integral members of clinical teams. The success of this emergency intervention has led to its formal incorporation into the medical curriculum.

A Retrospective Cohort Study Examining the Validation of the Modified Duke Activity Status Index in the Non-cardiac Surgical Population.

Purpose: We aimed to ascertain if the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) and its simplified variants predict 30-day mortality and myocardial injury after major non-cardiac surgery in at-risk patients.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: We included 4,199 patients to validate the DASI and its variants in predicting the same composite outcome in patients with risk factors for coronary artery disease.

Medical school selection is a sociohistorical embedded activity: A comparison of five countries.

Introduction: The medical school selection literature comes mostly from a few countries in the Global North and offers little opportunity to consider different ways of thinking and doing. Our aim, therefore, was to critically consider selection practices and their sociohistorical influences in our respective countries (Brazil, China, Singapore, South Africa and the UK), including how any perceived inequalities are addressed.

Methods: This paper summarises many constructive dialogues grounded in the idea of he er butong () (harmony with diversity), learning about and from each other.

Feasibility and Acceptability of Yoga for Adolescents with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Background/objectives: Yoga is effective for adults with arthritis but unstudied in adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Methods: A pilot study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of an 8-week group yoga intervention for adolescents ages 14-18 with JIA. Each 75-min session included breathing techniques, relaxation, mindfulness, and modified yoga postures, using yoga props and a rope wall.

Longitudinal integrated clerkships from start to finish: A medical curriculum innovation.

Stellenbosch University embarked on a renewal of its MBChB programme guided by an updated set of core values developed by the multidisciplinary curriculum task team. These values acknowledged the important role of (among others) context and generalism in the development of our graduates as doctors of the future for South Africa. This report describes the overall direction of the renewed curriculum focusing on two of the innovative educational methods for Family Medicine and Primary Health Care training that enabled us to respond to these considerations.

Pushing the Limits of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery-From Preoperative to Intraoperative to Postoperative Management.

The introduction of minimally invasive surgery ushered in a new era of spine surgery by minimizing the undue iatrogenic injury, recovery time, and blood loss, among other complications, of traditional open procedures. Over time, technological advancements have further refined the care of the operative minimally invasive spine patient. Moreover, pre-, and postoperative care have also undergone significant change by way of artificial intelligence risk stratification, advanced imaging for surgical planning and patient selection, postoperative recovery pathways, and digital health solutions.

Residents-as-teachers: A Needs Assessment of Residents' Teaching Skills in the Clinical Setting Using Direct Observation of Teaching.

Background And Objectives: Residents play a significant role in teaching undergraduate medical students though most residents have not received formal training in teaching and may be adopting ineffective teaching strategies. Many institutions have established a residents-as-teachers (RaT) programme to improve residents' teaching skills. However, many RaT programmes were established without a context-specific needs assessment.

IDEAL: Maintaining PHC-focused training in a MBChB programme through a COVID-induced innovation.

Responding to the need for authentic clinical training for students in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences developed an innovative 12-week longitudinal, integrated rotation for pre-final-year medical students, the Integrated Distributed Engagement to Advance Learning (IDEAL) rotation. This saw 252 students being placed across 30 primary and secondary healthcare facilities in the Western and Northern Cape provinces. With a focus on service learning, the rotation was built on experiences and research of members of the planning team, as well as partnership relationships developed over an extended period.

Medial Collateral Ligament Reconstruction With Autograft Versus Allograft: A Systematic Review.

Background: Medial collateral ligament (MCL) reconstruction (MCLR) is performed after failed nonoperative treatment or high-grade MCL injury with associated valgus instability.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes after MCLR with autograft versus allograft.

Study Design: Systematic review, Level of evidence, 4.

Barriers to Implementation of Telehealth Pre-anesthesia Evaluation Visits in the Department of Veterans Affairs.

Background: Evaluations are conducted days or weeks before a scheduled surgical or invasive procedure involving anesthesia to assess patients' preprocedure condition and risk, optimize status, and prepare them for their procedure. The traditional pre-anesthesia evaluation is conducted in person, although telehealth modalities have been used for several years and have accelerated since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We surveyed 109 anesthesiology services to understand the barriers and facilitators to the adoption of telephone- and video-based pre-anesthesia evaluation visits within the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).

Systems of Care Delivery and Optimization in the Preoperative Arena.

Key elements of an effective preoperative process include the following: history-taking, risk assessment, shared decision making, effective interdisciplinary communication, preoperative optimization of modifiable conditions, longitudinal care coordination, contribution to population health aims, and collection of outcomes-driven metrics. Perioperative medicine tenets can be applied by health systems of all sizes and demographics to improve quality and safety.

Curriculum renewal towards critically conscious graduates: Implications for faculty development.

Introduction: Globally, faculty development initiatives in support of health professions (HP) educators continue to extend their remit. This work becomes more critical as HP curriculum renewal activities are influenced by needing to move beyond a biomedical focus attending to issues such as social accountability, social justice and health equity. This raises questions about how best to support our HP educators who may need to change their teaching practice as they embrace these more complex, social constructs.

Understandings and practices: Towards socially responsive curricula for the health professions.

Global health inequities have created an urgency for health professions education to transition towards responsive and contextually relevant curricula. Such transformation and renewal processes hold significant implications for those educators responsible for implementing the curriculum. Currently little is known about how health professions educators across disciplines understand a responsive curriculum and how this understanding might influence their practice.

Robust, defensible, and fair: The AMEE guide to selection into medical school: AMEE Guide No. 153.

Selection is the first assessment of medical education and training. Medical schools must select from a pool of academically successful applicants and ensure that the way in which they choose future clinicians is robust, defensible, fair to all who apply and cost-effective. However, there is no comprehensive and evidence-informed guide to help those tasked with setting up or rejuvenating their local selection process.

Faculty development participants' experiences of working with change in clinical settings.

Objectives: Many universities offer faculty development to support teachers in developing and improving clinical education in the health professions. Although research shows outcomes on individual levels after faculty development, little is known about its contribution to change within the organisation. To advance current faculty development and ensure that it can support wider educational change in healthcare organisations, a better understanding of educational change practices in these settings is needed.

Recommendations From the International Consensus Conference on Anemia Management in Surgical Patients (ICCAMS).

Background: Perioperative anemia has been associated with increased risk of red blood cell transfusion and increased morbidity and mortality after surgery. The optimal approach to the diagnosis and management of perioperative anemia is not fully established.

Objective: To develop consensus recommendations for anemia management in surgical patients.

The do's, don'ts and don't knows of redressing differential attainment related to race/ethnicity in medical schools.

Introduction: Systematic and structural inequities in power and privilege create differential attainment whereby differences in average levels of performance are observed between students from different socio-demographic groups. This paper reviews the international evidence on differential attainment related to ethnicity/race in medical school, drawing together the key messages from research to date to provide guidance for educators to operationalize and enact change and identify areas for further research.

Methods: Authors first identified areas of conceptual importance within differential attainment (learning, assessment, and systems/institutional factors) which were then the focus of a targeted review of the literature on differential attainment related to ethnicity/race in medical education and, where available and relevant, literature from higher education more generally.

Geriatric Preoperative Optimization: A Review.

This review summarizes best practices for the perioperative care of older adults as recommended by the American Geriatrics Society, American Society of Anesthesiologists, and American College of Surgeons, with practical implementation strategies that can be readily implemented in busy preoperative or primary care clinics. In addition to traditional cardiopulmonary screening, older patients should undergo a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Rapid screening tools such as the Mini-Cog, Patient Health Questionnaire-2, and Frail Non-Disabled Survey and Clinical Frailty Scale, can be performed by multiple provider types and allow for quick, accurate assessments of cognition, functional status, and frailty screening.

Perioperative frailty: lessons learned and future directions.

Purpose Of Review: As the surgical population ages, preoperative diagnosis and optimization of frailty becomes increasingly important. Various concepts are used to define frailty, and several tools have been validated for use in the perioperative period. This article reviews current conceptual frameworks of frailty, references current literature and provides a practical approach to the preoperative frailty assessment with a focus on potential interventions.