The reliability of a ball-tipped probe for detection of breached versus non-breached pedicle drill tracts in the thoracolumbar and lumbar spine of a canine large breed cadaveric model.

Background: Spinal stabilization in dogs is challenging, and improper implant placement can result in significant morbidity. Objectives were to evaluate reliability of a ball-tipped probe for detection of breached versus non-breached pedicle drill tracts in a canine large breed cadaveric model. CT scans obtained from T6 to sacrum.

A bioactive supramolecular and covalent polymer scaffold for cartilage repair in a sheep model.

Regeneration of hyaline cartilage in human-sized joints remains a clinical challenge, and it is a critical unmet need that would contribute to longer healthspans. Injectable scaffolds for cartilage repair that integrate both bioactivity and sufficiently robust physical properties to withstand joint stresses offer a promising strategy. We report here on a hybrid biomaterial that combines a bioactive peptide amphiphile supramolecular polymer that specifically binds the chondrogenic cytokine transforming growth factor β-1 (TGFβ-1) and crosslinked hyaluronic acid microgels that drive formation of filament bundles, a hierarchical motif common in natural musculoskeletal tissues.

Statistical shape modeling of the geometric morphology of the canine femur, tibia, and patella.

Bone morphometry varies among dogs of different sizes and breeds. Studying these differences may help understand the predisposition of certain breeds for specific orthopedic pathologies. This study aimed to develop a statistical shape model (SSM) of the femur, patella, and tibia of dogs without any clinical orthopeadic abnormalities to analyze and compare morphological variations based on body weight and breed.

Feasibility and accuracy of intraosseous endoscopy for inspection of thoracolumbar and lumbar pedicle drill tracts in a canine large-breed cadaveric model.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of endoscopic inspection of thoracolumbar and lumbar pedicle tracts in a canine large-breed model and its accuracy for the detection of breached versus nonbreached tracts.

Animals: 2 greyhound cadavers.

Methods: CT scans of 2 greyhound cadavers from the sixth thoracic vertebra to the sacrum were obtained.

Comparison of three-dimensional printed patient-specific guides versus freehand approach for radial osteotomies in normal dogs: Ex vivo model.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) printed patient-specific guide (PSG) with a freehand (FH) approach for radial osteotomies in ex vivo normal dogs.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Animals: Twenty four ex vivo thoracic limb pairs from normal beagle dogs.

Accuracy of pin placement in the canine thoracolumbar spine using a free-hand probing technique versus 3D-printed patient-specific drill guides: An ex-vivo study.

Objective: To compare pin placement accuracy, intraoperative technique deviations, and duration of pin placement for pins placed by free-hand probing (FHP) or 3D-printed drill guide (3DPG) technique.

Sample Population: Four greyhound cadavers.

Methods: Computed tomography (CT) examinations from T6-sacrum were obtained for determination of optimal pin placement and 3DPG creation.

Virtual surgical planning and 3D printing: Methodology and applications in veterinary oromaxillofacial surgery.

Virtual surgical planning is the process of planning and rehearsing a surgical procedure completely within the virtual environment on computer models. Virtual surgical planning and 3D printing is gaining popularity in veterinary oromaxillofacial surgery and are viable tools for the most basic to the most complex cases. These techniques can provide the surgeon with improved visualization and, thus, understanding of the patients' 3D anatomy.

Comparison of two postoperative complication grading systems after treatment of stifle and shoulder instability in 68 dogs.

Objective: (1) To adapt and apply the Clavien-Dindo (aCD) postoperative complication grading system to dogs experiencing complications following a single orthopedic procedure. (2) To compare the reliability of the Clavien-Dindo system to the Cook complication grading system.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Accuracy and safety of three-dimensionally printed animal-specific drill guides for thoracolumbar vertebral column instrumentation in dogs: Bilateral and unilateral designs.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and accuracy of a unilateral three-dimensionally printed animal-specific drill guide (3DASDG) design for unilateral stabilization in the thoracolumbar vertebral column of dogs compared to a bilateral design.

Study Design: Cadaveric study.

Sample Population: Fifty-two corridors in one canine cadaver.

Transarticular elastic external skeletal fixator correction of a stifle rotational deformity and patellar luxation in a dog.

Objective: To report the preoperative evaluation, treatment with transarticular elastic external skeletal fixation (ESF), and outcome of a dog with bilateral medial patellar luxation (MPL) and stifle rotational deformity.

Animal: One nonambulatory, 2.5-month-old, 7.

A computed tomographic graphical approach to guide correction of femoral torsion.

Objective: To report geometric methods to assess femoral transverse bone morphology and develop a virtual method to guide the surgical correction of femoral torsional deformities.

Study Design: Observational study.

Sample Population: Sixteen client-owned dogs comprising 14 normal femurs and 14 femurs with angulation-rotation bone deformities.

Pathologic fracture healing after femoral limb salvage in a dog.

Background: Bone sarcomas are a significant cause of pain, disability, and mortality in dogs. A variety of surgical limb salvage options are available to preserve limb function with comparable prognosis to amputation.

Case Report: This report describes successful healing after plate fixation of an undifferentiated sarcoma pathologic femoral fracture in a dog.

Recommendations for rehabilitation after surgical treatment of cranial cruciate ligament disease in dogs: A 2017 survey of veterinary practitioners.

Objective: To report current recommendations made by veterinarians for rehabilitation after surgical treatment of cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) disease.

Study Design: Anonymized electronic survey.

Sample Population: Veterinarians performing CrCL stabilization.

An Interdisciplinary Approach to Surgical Skills Training Decreases Programmatic Costs.

Background: Surgical resident duty hour limitations have necessitated operative skill training outside of the operating room. Although wet-lab skills training is ideal, materials and human resource requirements make wet labs-utilizing biologic samples cost prohibitive for many residency programs. To resolve this problem, our general surgery residency program collaborated with the Institution's School of Veterinary Medicine Surgery Residency program to pilot a cost-effective interdisciplinary surgical skills curriculum.

Teaching and proficiency assessment for arthroscopy in veterinary surgery: A 2017 survey of diplomates and residents of the American and European College of Veterinary Surgeons.

Objective: To determine current methods of arthroscopic skills training and proficiency assessment, identify skills considered fundamental to arthroscopy, and evaluate desire for a formal training and assessment program.

Study Design: Anonymized electronic survey.

Sample Population: Diplomates and residents of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS) and European College of Veterinary Surgeons (ECVS).

Assessment of overall thoracic limb axial alignment in dogs with antebrachial deformity.

Objective: To assess overall thoracic limb axial alignment in dogs with and without angular limb deformity (ALD).

Study Design: Ex vivo and retrospective observational clinical study.

Animals: Forty canine thoracic limbs from bilateral normal specimens (10 pairs) and unilateral antebrachial ALD (10 uniapical and 10 biapical deformities).

Use of a platelet-rich plasma-collagen scaffold as a bioenhanced repair treatment for management of partial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs.

Dogs are commonly affected with cruciate ligament rupture (CR) and associated osteoarthritis (OA), and frequently develop a second contralateral CR. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a component of whole blood that contains numerous growth factors, which in combination with a collagen scaffold may act to promote bioenhanced primary repair of ligament. This study tested the hypothesis that treatment of partial stable CR stifles with an intra-articular collagen scaffold and PRP would decrease the disease progression, synovitis and risk of complete CR over a 12-month study period.

Temporal mechanically-induced signaling events in bone and dorsal root ganglion neurons after in vivo bone loading.

Mechanical signals play an integral role in the regulation of bone mass and functional adaptation to bone loading. The osteocyte has long been considered the principle mechanosensory cell type in bone, although recent evidence suggests the sensory nervous system may play a role in mechanosensing. The specific signaling pathways responsible for functional adaptation of the skeleton through modeling and remodeling are not clearly defined.

Application of computed tomography and stereolithography to correct a complex angular and torsional limb deformity in a donkey.

Objective: To report the evaluation, surgical planning, and outcome for correction of a complex limb deformity in the tibia of a donkey using computed tomographic (CT) imaging and a 3D bone model.

Study Design: Case report.

Animals: A 1.

Radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging predicts severity of cruciate ligament fiber damage and synovitis in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture.

Cruciate ligament rupture (CR) and associated osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition in dogs. Dogs frequently develop a second contralateral CR. This study tested the hypothesis that the degree of stifle synovitis and cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) matrix damage in dogs with CR is correlated with non-invasive diagnostic tests, including magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Outcome and complications in dogs with appendicular primary bone tumors treated with stereotactic radiotherapy and concurrent surgical stabilization.

Objective: To document the outcome of dogs with appendicular primary bone tumors treated with stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) and concurrent stabilization.

Study Design: Multi-institutional retrospective case series.

Animals: Eighteen dogs with presumptive or definitive diagnosis of appendicular osteosarcoma.

Assessment of radial torsion using computed tomography in dogs with and without antebrachial limb deformity.

Objective: To evaluate the reliability of radial torsion assessment in dogs using computed tomography (CT).

Study Design: Cadaveric and retrospective observational clinical study.

Animals: Thoracic limbs (n = 40) from bilateral normal cadaveric canine specimens (10 pairs) and unilateral antebrachial angular limb deformity (ALD) dogs (10 uniapical and 10 biapical deformities).

Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulate Molecular Markers of Inflammation in Dogs with Cruciate Ligament Rupture.

Mid-substance rupture of the canine cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CR) and associated stifle osteoarthritis (OA) is an important veterinary health problem. CR causes stifle joint instability and contralateral CR often develops. The dog is an important model for human anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, where rupture of graft repair or the contralateral ACL is also common.

3D FSE Cube and VIPR-aTR 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging predicts canine cranial cruciate ligament structural properties.

Estimation of cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) structural properties in client-owned dogs with incipient cruciate rupture would be advantageous. The objective of this study was to determine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurement of normal CrCL volume in an ex-vivo canine model predicts structural properties. Stifles from eight dogs underwent 3.