Unplanned readmissions after hernia repair.

Introduction: Several quality indices have been set up for evaluating the impact of the reduction of the length of stay (LOS), such as the 30-day unplanned readmission (UR) rate. The main goal of our study was to analyze the UR following groin hernia repair (GHR), primary- (PVHR), and incisional ventral hernia repairs (IVHR).

Methods: A French registry-based multicenter study was conducted using prospective data from all consecutive patients registered from 2015 to 2021.

Simultaneous quantification of six major allergens in commercial foods for children using a multiplex array on a digital versatile disc.

The hypothesis of this study is centered around the logic that an enhanced analysis of potential allergens during the food production can lead to increased accuracy and reliability of food labeling. The development of a cost-effective and straightforward optoelectrical microanalytical system for the simultaneous quantification of the six most common food allergens (peanut, hazelnut, almond, milk, wheat, and soybean) is presented. The system uses a regular versatile disc (DVD) functionalized with highly selective antibodies in a microarray format and a DVD drive as the optical detector.

Cetacean morbillivirus in Humpback whales' exhaled breath.

The humpback whale (HW; Megaptera novaeangliae) population that seasonally resides along the Brazilian coast concentrates in the Abrolhos Bank (Bahia and Espírito Santo states) for breeding during austral winter and spring. Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV, Paramyxoviridae family) is currently one of the most significant biological threats to cetaceans worldwide with high infection and mortality rates. CeMV is pleiotropic yet it has special tropism for the respiratory, lymphoid and nervous system and is primarily transmitted by the aerogenous route.

Assessing Individual Change Without Knowing the Test Properties: Item Bootstrapping.

Assessing significant change (or reliable change) in a person often involve comparing the responses of that person in two administrations of a test or scale. Several procedures have been proposed to determine if a difference between two observed scores is statistically significant or rather is within the range of mere random fluctuations due to measurement error. Application of those procedures involve some knowledge of the test properties.

Lipid and glucose alterations in perinatally-acquired HIV-infected adolescents and young adults.

Background: Successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced mortality among HIV-infected children. However, there is growing concern about long-term effects associated to ART. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic abnormalities in a cohort of perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and young adults and to identify associated factors.

Pediatric drug-resistant tuberculosis in Madrid: family matters.

Background: The rates of isoniazid (INH) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) among European children vary between 10.4% and 3.5%.

Cardiovascular biomarkers in vertically HIV-infected children without metabolic abnormalities.

Early cardiovascular disease is a major concern for ART-suppressed vertically HIV-infected children; however, evidence is lacking regarding specific preventive measures. In this study, a complete panel of biomarkers was determined together with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), in a cohort of 64 HIV-infected children and 30 controls. Mean age of participants was 14.

Subclinical atherosclerosis and markers of immune activation in HIV-infected children and adolescents: the CaroVIH Study.

Background: HIV-infected adults display increased cardiovascular disease, probably driven by inflammation and immune activation. These relationships have not been addressed in vertically HIV-infected children and adolescents, a population at very high risk for long-term non-AIDS complications.

Methods: Carotid intima media thickness (IMT) was measured in a cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents and healthy controls.

Accuracy of a sequential approach to identify young febrile infants at low risk for invasive bacterial infection.

Introduction: Much effort has been put in the past years to create and assess accurate tools for the management of febrile infants. However, no optimal strategy has been so far identified. A sequential approach evaluating, first, the appearance of the infant, second, the age and result of the urinanalysis and, finally, the results of the blood biomarkers, including procalcitonin, may better identify low risk febrile infants suitable for outpatient management.

Oseltamivir treatment for influenza in hospitalized children without underlying diseases.

Aim: To determine whether the treatment with oseltamivir improves the outcome of children with confirmed influenza infection and no other underlying disease.

Methods: Multicentric, retrospective study performed in 10 hospitals of Madrid between September 2010 and June 2012. All children admitted to the hospitals with confirmed influenza infections were eligible.

Diagnostic value of procalcitonin in well-appearing young febrile infants.

Background And Objective: Procalcitonin (PCT) has been introduced in many European protocols for the management of febrile children. Its value among young, well-appearing infants, however, is not completely defined. Our objective was to assess its performance in diagnosing serious bacterial infections and specifically invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) in well-appearing infants aged <3 months with fever without source (FWS).

[Early diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus infection: lost opportunities].

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common congenital infection in Europe. Symptoms are present at birth in 10% of infected children, and up to 30-40% have some degree of hearing loss after the newborn period.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed over a period of 4 years and included all patients with congenital CMV infection diagnosed after the neonatal period using the dried blood spots from neonatal metabolic screening.

Diagnostic performance of the lab-score in predicting severe and invasive bacterial infections in well-appearing young febrile infants.

Background And Objectives: The "Lab-score" combining C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and urine dipstick results has recently been derived and validated as an accurate tool for predicting severe bacterial infections (SBIs) in children with fever without source. We aimed to assess the Lab-score usefulness in predicting SBI, especially invasive bacterial infections (IBIs), in well-appearing infants <3 months with fever without source.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 7 pediatric emergency departments in Spain and Italy.

Treatment of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection beyond the neonatal period.

Background: Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important cause of sensorineural hearing loss. Ganciclovir treatment in the neonatal period may prevent hearing deterioration in infants with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. However, there are hardly any data regarding antiviral treatment begun beyond the neonatal period.

Use of combined transmucosal fentanyl, nitrous oxide, and hematoma block for fracture reduction in a pediatric emergency department.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of combined inhaled nitrous oxide (NO), hematoma block (HB), and transmucosal fentanyl (TMF) as sedoanalgesia in the reduction of radioulnar fractures in children in a pediatric emergency department (PED).

Methods: A retrospective, analytical observational study examining the cases of radioulnar fracture reduction in PED from 2007 to 2009 in children from 4 to 15 years old. The cases were divided into 2 groups: those in which only NO + HB was used and those in which TMF was combined with NO + HB.

[Serological profile of immigrant pregnant women against HIV, HBV, HCV, rubella, Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum, and Trypanosoma cruzi].

Introduction: The increase in immigration is changing the prevalence of mother to child infectious diseases. Our aim is to determine the serological profile of foreign pregnant women against these infections.

Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study was performed in a tertiary hospital from Madrid between August 2007 and October 2008.

Interferon-γ release assay for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in children.

Aims: To compare the QuantiFERON-TB GOLD In Tube test (QTF) and the tuberculin skin test (TST) in children.

Methods: A prospective study was carried out in nine hospitals in Madrid, Spain. TST and QTF were performed in immigrants, tuberculosis (TB) contacts and patients with TB disease (TBD).

Lichtheimia corymbifera subcutaneous infection successfully treated with amphotericin B, early debridement, and vacuum-assisted closure.

Lichtheimia corymbifera (syn. Absidia corymbifera, Mycocladus corymbifer) is an ubiquitous cosmopolitan mold that can cause primary cutaneous and deep tissue infection in healthy individuals. We report a subcutaneous L.

[Rapid influenza diagnostic tests for detection of novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in children].

Introduction: Accuracy of rapid BD Directigen(®) EZ Flu A+B diagnostic test against Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in children.

Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was performed. One hundred and forty children underwent the rapid influenza test and the RT-PCR against Influenza A (H1N1) Virus.

Brain abscess and epidural empyema caused by Salmonella enteritidis in a child: successful treatment with ciprofloxacin: a case report.

Focal intracranial infections caused by Salmonella are rare, especially those produced by S. enteritidis. We describe the case of a 26-month-old girl who underwent surgery for a frontoparietal ependymoma and presented with epidural empyema and a brain abscess due to S.