Interpreting urinary iodine concentration: effects of urine dilution and collection timing.

Objectives: In population studies, iodine intake estimation relies on median urinary iodine concentration (UIC). However, interpreting UIC measurements can be challenging.

Methods: In our study, we included 772 adult participants from three groups: nationally representative gender-mixed, women of reproductive age, and pregnant women.

Introduction of a spectrophotometric method for salivary iodine determination on microplate based on Sandell-Kolthoff reaction.

Background: Iodine is an essential element for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Therefore, a reliable marker of iodine supply is important. Iodine is predominantly excreted via kidneys, but also via salivary glands.

Comparison of Tandem Mass Spectrometry and the Fluorometric Method-Parallel Phenylalanine Measurement on a Large Fresh Sample Series and Implications for Newborn Screening for Phenylketonuria.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) was the first disease to be identified by the newborn screening (NBS) program. Currently, there are various methods for determining phenylalanine (Phe) values, with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) being the most widely used method worldwide. We aimed to compare the MS/MS method with the fluorometric method (FM) for measuring Phe in the dried blood spot (DBS) and the efficacy of both methods in the NBS program.

Optimizing the Phenylalanine Cut-Off Value in a Newborn Screening Program.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) was the first disorder for which newborn screening (NBS) was introduced in the early 1960s. Slovenia started the NBS program for PKU in 1979, and the fluorimetric method was implemented in 1992, with a phenylalanine (Phe) cut-off set at 120 mol/L. This value has been in use for almost thirty years and has never been revised.

A proposed Common Training Framework for Specialists in Laboratory Medicine under EU Directive 2013/55/EC (The Recognition of Professional Qualifications).

European Union (EU) Directive 2013/55/EC (The Recognition of Professional Qualifications) allows Member States to decide on a common set of minimum knowledge, skills and competences that are needed to pursue a given profession through a Common Training Framework. To be adopted the framework must combine the knowledge, skills and competences of at least one third of the Member States. Professionals who have gained their qualifications under a Common Training Framework will be able to have these recognised automatically within the Union.

Functional polymorphisms in antioxidant genes in Hurthle cell thyroid neoplasm - an association of GPX1 polymorphism and recurrent Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Hurthle cells of the thyroid gland are very rich in mitochondria and oxidative enzymes. As a high level oxidative metabolism may lead to higher level of oxidative stress and can be associated with an increased risk for cancer, we investigated whether common functional polymorphisms in antioxidant genes (SOD2, CAT, GPX, GSTP1, GSTM1 and GSTT1) are associated with the development or clinical course of Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC).

Methods: A retrospective study was performed in 139 patients treated by thyroid surgery for a Hurthle cell neoplasm.

Effectiveness of L-thyroxine treatment on TSH suppression during pregnancy in patients with a history of thyroid carcinoma after total thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation.

Introduction: There are scarce data about the optimal increase of L-thyroxine dose during pregnancy in patients with a history of thyroid carcinoma. The first aim of the study was to find out if routine therapeutic measures enable adequate TSH suppression in pregnancy. The other aim was to find out the optimal dose of L-thyroxine for TSH suppression in pregnant women.

Thyroid function in the third trimester of pregnancy and after delivery in an area of adequate iodine intake.

Objective: To establish whether the higher thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and lower levels of the 2 free thyroid hormones noted toward the end of pregnancy are in relation with iodine supply.

Methods: We compared these hormones' levels in the third trimester of pregnancy and 4 months after delivery in 116 consecutive women without thyroid disease and otherwise healthy. The study was conducted in Slovenia, an iodine-sufficient area.

49A/G and CT60 polymorphisms of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 gene associated with autoimmune thyroid disease.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CTLA-4 gene have been suggested as genetic factors in the susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). In our case-control study, patients with Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and postpartum thyroiditis and control subjects have been genotyped for two A/G single nucleotide polymorphisms (49A/G and CT60) of the CTLA-4 gene. The 49A/G polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method using the enzyme BseXI and the CT60 polymorphism by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Thyroid volume changes during pregnancy and after delivery in an iodine-sufficient Republic of Slovenia.

Objective: Literature data concerning thyroid enlargement during pregnancy are not conclusive. Our aim was to systematically follow the thyroid volume changes during pregnancy and after delivery in an iodine-sufficient area.

Study Design: Prospective study of healthy pregnant women living in an iodine-sufficient area.

Effects of systolic atrial function on plasma renin activity and natriuretic peptide secretion after high rate atrial and ventricular pacing in dogs.

Rapid atrial rates cause electrical, structural remodeling, and neuro-humoral changes. This study compares the effects of mechanical remodeling on plasma renin activity (PRA) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion. Eight beagles were subjected to rapid atrial pacing (AP) at 400 beats/min for 16 days.

The influence of the exon 1 polymorphism of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 gene on thyroid antibody production in patients with newly diagnosed Graves' disease.

Increasing evidence supports the genetic susceptibility for thyroid antibody (TAb) production in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, and recently, it has been shown that the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) gene is most likely a major TAb susceptibility gene. To assess the relationship between exon 1 CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and TAb production, we genotyped 67 patients with newly diagnosed Graves' disease. Free thyroid hormones and TAb were measured, including thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb).