Association of the combined parameters including the frequency of primary cilia, PD-L1, Smoothened protein, membranous β-catenin and cytoplasmic β-catenin expression with the outcome of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the association and combined prognostic significance of the PD-L1, Smoothened protein and β-catenin expressions in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: The PD-L1, Smoothened protein and β-catenin expression were evaluated in 104 ccRCC patients. All studied tumor samples were acquired from nephrectomy specimens of primary tumors and not from biopsies or metastases.

Favorable prognostic significance of membranous β-catenin expression and negative prognostic significance of cytoplasmic β-catenin expression in pancreatic cancer.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of membranous β-catenin and cytoplasmic β-catenin expression in pancreatic cancer patients (pts). One hundred pts with histologically verified exocrine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were retrospectively studied. The membranous β-catenin, cytoplasmic β-catenin, and cell nucleus β-catenin expression were immunohistochemically evaluated.

The clinical value of circulating free tumor DNA in testicular germ cell tumor patients.

Background: Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are unique malignancies of young adult men; their biology is, however, underexplored and there has not been much progress in their treatment for decades. Circulating free tumor DNA (cfDNA) analysis represents a promising way of discovering novel diagnostic and treatment options.

Objective: The study evaluates the clinical value of cfDNA detection in TGCT patients.

Squamous cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation or carcinosarcoma of the uterine cervix associated with HPV33 infection: report of a rare case.

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the uterine cervix with a well-documented link to infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV). According to a recent classification, there are several morphological variants of cervical squamous carcinoma, without reference to sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma, which is well described in other organs.

Case Presentation: In this paper, we describe an extremely rare case of a 77-year-old woman with primary malignant cervical tumor displaying biphasic histomorphology with an epithelioid and sarcomatoid part; the latter was immunohistochemistry positive for cytokeratin and vimentin.

Negative prognostic significance of primary cilia, CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and PD1+ cells expression in clear cell renal cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association and combined prognostic significance of the frequency of primary cilia (PC), programmed cell death protein-1 receptor (PD1) and CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in patients with clear cell renal cancer (ccRCC).

Methods: The frequency of PC, PD1 expression and the frequency of intratumoral CD8+ TIL were evaluated in 104 ccRCC patients.

Results: The median frequency of PC was 0.

Molecular Basis of Cisplatin Resistance in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors.

The emergence of cisplatin (CDDP) resistance is the main cause of treatment failure and death in patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT), but its biologic background is poorly understood. To study the molecular basis of CDDP resistance in TGCT we prepared and sequenced CDDP-exposed TGCT cell lines as well as 31 primary patients' samples. Long-term exposure to CDDP increased the CDDP resistance 10 times in the NCCIT cell line, while no major resistance was achieved in Tera-2.

Frozen section of lung, pleura and mediastinum specimen: Retrospective analysis of 5-years practical experiences and review of the literature.

Thoracic frozen section biopsies including lungs, pleura and mediastinum have crucial role in differential diagnosis of solitary lesions of the lungs and mediastinum. There is a significant difference in patient´s therapeutical management, if the patients suffer from lung primary malignant tumour, metastasis or non-malignant lesion. In this review, we summarize the usefulness of frozen section biopsies in thoracic surgery and provide 5-years of experiences with thoracic frozen section biopsies performed at the Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine of Thomayer Hospital in Prague.

Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection after therapy with temsirolimus for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

We describe the case of a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) who developed a nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM)-related pulmonary nodule during therapy with the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor temsirolimus. After discontinuation of temsirolimus treatment, a small pulmonary nodule with increased glucose uptake was detected on a positron emission tomography (PET) scan. A lung resection carried out to confirm and treat the suspected solitary metastasis of RCC yielded the surprising finding of a caseating granuloma containing NTM.