Association of socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidities, lifestyle habits, and saliva parameters with dental caries in adults with obesity.

Objective: To describe the oral health status of patients with obesity and to explore the socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidities, lifestyle habits (tobacco, alcohol, sweet/acidic diet), and saliva parameters most associated with the dental caries experience.  Material and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 204 patients' data with obesity attending a therapeutic education programme. Caries experience (number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth [DMFT]), periodontal status, oral hygiene, occlusal tooth wear, masticatory inefficiency, and saliva parameters were recorded.

Semaglutide Treatment in a Patient with Extreme Obesity and Massive Lymphedema: A Case Report.

Introduction: Extreme obesity (BMI ≥50 kg/m2) is a complex pathology to treat. One of the complications of extreme obesity is massive localized lymphedema (MLL), due to compromised lymphatic drainage. There is a lack of literature guiding the medical management of these conditions.

Impact of exenatide on weight loss and eating behavior in adults with craniopharyngioma-related obesity: the CRANIOEXE randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Importance: A major issue in the management of craniopharyngioma-related obesity (CRO) is the ineffectiveness of the current therapeutic approaches.

Objective: To study the efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs compared with placebo in adults with obesity CRO.

Design: A double-blind multicenter superiority randomized clinical in trial in two parallel arms.

Quantitative MRI Biomarkers Measure Changes in Targeted Brain Areas in Patients With Obesity.

Context: Obesity is accompanied by damages to several tissues, including the brain. Pathological data and animal models have demonstrated an increased inflammatory reaction in hypothalamus and hippocampus.

Objective: We tested whether we could observe such pathological modifications in vivo through quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) metrics.

High Risk of Acute Kidney Failure in Kidney Transplant Recipients Early after Bariatric Surgery.

Bariatric surgery is routinely proposed to patients suffering from obesity including kidney transplant recipients. In this specific population, bariatric surgery has a positive impact in long-term outcomes in terms of patient and graft survival. We report here the cases of 4 patients with five post-kidney transplantation bariatric surgeries who experimented acute renal injury early after surgery.

A novel pathogenic variant in MRAP2 in an obese patient with successful outcome of bariatric surgery.

Mutations in genes encoding proteins located in the leptin/melanocortin pathway have been identified in the rare cases of genetic obesities. Heterozygous variants of MRAP2, encoding a G coupled-protein receptor accessory protein implicated in energy control notably via the melanocortin-4 receptor, have been recently identified. A 24-year-old patient with early-onset severe obesity (body mass index [BMI]: 64 kg/m2) associated with hypertension, respiratory complications, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes was referred to our department.

Out-of-Pocket Expenses in Households of People Living with Obesity in France.

Background/objectives: Overweight and obesity result in a substantial economic burden in both low- and high-income countries. Moreover, this burden is often underestimated because it only partially accounts for unreimbursed out-of-pocket expenses (OOPE) related to obesity. The objective of our study was not only to evaluate OOPE incurred by people with obesity in relation to their disease with respect to direct medical expenditures and direct non-medical expenditures but also the proportion of people living with obesity who have forgone obesity-related healthcare due to the costs of such care.

Does food use disorder exist? Item response theory analyses of a food use disorder adapted from the DSM-5 substance use disorder criteria in a treatment seeking clinical sample.

Background: Increased consumption of food that are high in energy and sugar have been pointed as a major factor in the obesity epidemic. Impaired control of food intake and the concept of food addiction has been developed as a potential contributor. Our objective was to evaluate the dimensionality and psychometric validity of diagnostic criteria for food addiction adapted from the 11 DSM-5 substance use disorder (SUD) criteria (i.

Long-Term Results After Bariatric Surgery in Super-Super-Obese Patients.

Despite addressing to high risk population, we can propose laparoscopic bariatric surgery to super-super-obese (SSO) patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥60 kg/m). The aim of this study was to report our experience in terms of weight loss and improvement of medical comorbidities after a follow-up of 5 years in the SSO population who underwent different bariatric procedures. This retrospective study includes all SSO patients who underwent bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy [SG] and/or gastric bypass) between 2006 and 2017.

Heterozygous pathogenic variants in POMC are not responsible for monogenic obesity: Implication for MC4R agonist use.

Purpose: Recessive deficiency of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) causes childhood-onset severe obesity. Cases can now benefit from the melanocortin 4 receptor agonist setmelanotide. Furthermore, a phase 3 clinical trial is evaluating setmelanotide in heterozygotes for POMC.

Long-term changes in body image after bariatric surgery: An observational cohort study.

Background: While body image improves in the first few months after surgery, data on long-term changes in body image after bariatric surgery are scarce and contradictory.

Methods: We assessed body image through the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scale, which measures appearance evaluation and orientation, overweight preoccupation, and self-classified weight. Surveys were conducted before surgery and at regular intervals until 5 years after bariatric surgery.

The Challenging Management of Craniopharyngiomas in Adults: Time for a Reappraisal?

Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare tumors of the skull base, developing near the pituitary gland and hypothalamus and responsible for severe hormonal deficiencies and an overall increase in mortality rate. While surgery and radiotherapy represent the recommended first-line therapies for CPs, a new paradigm for treatment is currently emerging, as a consequence of accumulated knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor growth, paving the way for anticipated use of targeted therapies. Significant clinical and basic research conducted in the field of CPs will undoubtedly constitute a real step forward for a better understanding of the behavior of these tumors and prevent associated complications.

Five-Year Changes in Weight and Diabetes Status After Bariatric Surgery for Craniopharyngioma-Related Hypothalamic Obesity: a Case-Control Study.

Purpose: Craniopharyngiomas are tumors located in the hypothalamic region which leads to obesity in about 50% of cases. Long-term efficacy and safety of bariatric surgery are lacking in this peculiar population. The aim of this study is to determine the 5-year weight loss and resolution of type 2 diabetes (T2D) after bariatric surgery in patients operated on craniopharyngioma who had developed hypothalamic obesity.

[Place of biomarkers in the renutrition of patients with serious Covid-19 infection: discussion around a clinical case].

Covid-19 infection is a potentially serious disease. Overweight, obesity, and diabetes are comorbidities frequently found in the severe form of the disease. Appropriate nutritional management of the patient is an integral part of care.

Guideline compliance in bariatric surgery: a French nationwide study.

Background: Strict adherence to guidelines with a comprehensive preoperative assessment and rigorous follow-up are essential to improve postoperative and long-term outcomes of bariatric surgery (BS).

Objectives: To investigate the trends in BS in France and to assess the compliance to guidelines in people with obesity before and after BS.

Setting: University Hospital of Bordeaux, France.

Gut Microbiota and Mycobiota Evolution Is Linked to Memory Improvement after Bariatric Surgery in Obese Patients: A Pilot Study.

Patients with obesity are known to exhibit gut microbiota dysbiosis and memory deficits. Bariatric surgery (BS) is currently the most efficient anti-obesity treatment and may improve both gut dysbiosis and cognition. However, no study has investigated association between changes of gut microbiota and cognitive function after BS.

Exploring eating behavior and psychological mechanisms associated with obesity in patients with craniopharyngioma: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of the review is to explore the evidence on the behavioral and psychological mechanisms underlying the development of obesity in patients with craniopharyngioma. The review will map the available evidence, identify gaps in the literature, and find avenues of future intervention.

Introduction: Craniopharyngiomas are low-grade intracranial tumors of the supersellar region.

Reproducibility and associations with obesity and insulin resistance of circadian-rhythm parameters in free-living vs. controlled conditions during the PREVIEW lifestyle study.

Background: Circadian rhythm is altered in individuals with obesity and insulin resistance, showing a smaller amplitude, less stability, and increased intradaily variation.

Objective: We compared reproducibility of circadian-rhythm parameters over time and under free-living vs. controlled conditions in participants with obesity and pre-diabetes after 2- and 3-year weight-loss maintenance during the 3-year PREVIEW (PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle intervention and population studies In Europe and around the World) study.

Hair cortisol and cortisone measurements for the diagnosis of overt and mild Cushing's syndrome.

Objective: Hair cortisol (HF) and cortisone (HE) measurements reflect tissular exposure to cortisol over months and are increased in overt Cushing's syndrome (CS). No data is available in mild CS. We compared the diagnostic performance of HF and HE between patients with overt or mild CS.

Effects of a High-Protein Diet on Cardiometabolic Health, Vascular Function, and Endocannabinoids-A PREVIEW Study.

An unfavorable lipid profile and being overweight are known mediators in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The effect of diet, particularly high in protein, remains under discussion. Therefore, this study examines the effects of a high-protein (HP) diet on cardiometabolic health and vascular function (i.

Role of Endocannabinoids in Energy-Balance Regulation in Participants in the Postobese State-a PREVIEW Study.

Context: Endocannabinoids are suggested to play a role in energy balance regulation.

Objective: We aimed to investigate associations of endocannabinoid concentrations during the day with energy balance and adiposity and interactions with 2 diets differing in protein content in participants in the postobese phase with prediabetes.

Design And Participants: Participants (n = 38) were individually fed in energy balance with a medium protein (MP: 15:55:30% of energy from protein:carbohydrate:fat) or high-protein diet (HP: 25:45:30% energy from P:C:F) for 48 hours in a respiration chamber.

Long-Term Effects of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy on Bone Mineral Density: a 4-Year Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: Bone mineral density (BMD) declines in the initial years after bariatric surgery, but long-term skeletal effects are unclear and comparisons between sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are rare.

Design And Methods: An observational longitudinal study of obese patients undergoing SG or RYGB was performed. Whole-body (WB) BMD, along with BMD of the total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), and lumbar spine (LS), was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) before surgery and yearly thereafter for 4 years.

High Compared with Moderate Protein Intake Reduces Adaptive Thermogenesis and Induces a Negative Energy Balance during Long-term Weight-Loss Maintenance in Participants with Prediabetes in the Postobese State: A PREVIEW Study.

Background: Weight loss has been associated with adaptations in energy expenditure. Identifying factors that counteract these adaptations are important for long-term weight loss and weight maintenance.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether increased protein/carbohydrate ratio would reduce adaptive thermogenesis (AT) and the expected positive energy balance (EB) during weight maintenance after weight loss in participants with prediabetes in the postobese state.