First evidence for the presence of amino acid sensing mechanisms in the fish gastrointestinal tract.

This study aimed to characterize amino acid sensing systems in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of the carnivorous fish model species rainbow trout. We observed that the trout GIT expresses mRNAs encoding some amino acid receptors described in mammals [calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), G protein-coupled receptor family C group 6 member A (GPRC6A), and taste receptors type 1 members 1 and 2 (T1r1, T1r2)], while others [taste receptor type 1 member 3 (T1r3) and metabotropic glutamate receptors 1 and 4 (mGlur1, mGlur4)] could not be found. Then, we characterized the response of such receptors, as well as that of intracellular signaling mechanisms, to the intragastric administration of L-leucine, L-valine, L-proline or L-glutamate.

Chitosan grafted/cross-linked with biodegradable polymers: A review.

Public perception of polymers has been drastically changed with the improved plastic management at the end of their life. However, it is widely recognised the need of developing biodegradable polymers, as an alternative to traditional petrochemical polymers. Chitosan (CH), a biodegradable biopolymer with excellent physiological and structural properties, together with its immunostimulatory and antibacterial activity, is a good candidate to replace other polymers, mainly in biomedical applications.

Healthcare resource utilization in adult patients with relapsed/refractory FLT3 mutated acute myeloid leukemia: A retrospective chart review from Spain.

Background: Information regarding impact on healthcare systems of relapsed or refractory (R/R) FLT3 mutated (FLT3mut) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is scarce.

Objective: To assess the time and reimbursement associated with hospitalizations of patients with R/R FLT3mut AML in a tertiary Spanish hospital.

Methods: Retrospective review of medical charts identified patients aged ≥ 18 years with R/R FLT3mut AML between 1998 and 2018.

Multiplatform Radiosurgery for Intracranial Meningiomas and Dose to the Dural Tail.

Introduction Meningiomas are extra-axial central nervous system tumors. Complete resection is often curative with macroscopically complete removal of the tumor, excision of its dural attachment, and any abnormal bone. Radiosurgery is also an option for high-risk patients or in patients with surgically residual disease.

Preclinical transmission of prions by blood transfusion is influenced by donor genotype and route of infection.

Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is a human prion disease resulting from zoonotic transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). Documented cases of vCJD transmission by blood transfusion necessitate on-going risk reduction measures to protect blood supplies, such as leucodepletion (removal of white blood cells, WBCs). This study set out to determine the risks of prion transmission by transfusion of labile blood components (red blood cells, platelets, plasma) commonly used in human medicine, and the effectiveness of leucodepletion in preventing infection, using BSE-infected sheep as a model.

Leptin signalling in teleost fish with emphasis in food intake regulation.

Leptin, the product of the obese (ob or Lep) gene, was first cloned in teleost fish in 2005, more than a decade after its identification in mammals. This was because bony fish and mammalian leptins share a very low amino acid sequence identity, which suggests different functionality of the leptin system in fish compared to that of mammals. Indeed, major differences are evident between the mammalian and fish leptin system.

Candidate Genes and Quantitative Trait Loci for Grain Yield and Seed Size in Durum Wheat.

Grain yield (YLD) is affected by thousand kernel weight (TKW) which reflects the combination of grain length (GL), grain width (GW) and grain area (AREA). Grain weight is also influenced by heading time (HT) and plant height (PH). To detect candidate genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL) of yield components, a durum wheat recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was evaluated in three field trials.

Role of Ethnicity and Geographic Location on Glioblastoma IDH1/IDH2 Mutations.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated possible differences in glioblastoma (GBM) survival attributable to ethnicity. The goal of this study was to quantify oncogenic differences and evaluate the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) differences in GBM patients across race/ethnicity using both population-based surveillance and institutional data sets from the United States (US) and Mexico.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study comprising the Texas Cancer Registry (TCR, n = 4134) and referral institutions located in US (n = 254) and Mexico (n = 47) were evaluated.

Genomic alterations predictive of response to radiosurgery in recurrent IDH-WT glioblastoma.

Introduction: Despite aggressive treatment, glioblastoma invariably recurs. The optimal treatment for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) is not well defined. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for rGBM has demonstrated favorable outcomes for selected patients; however, its efficacy in molecular GBM subtypes is unknown.

Directed, Elliptic, and Higher Order Flow Harmonics of Protons, Deuterons, and Tritons in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=2.4 GeV.

Flow coefficients v_{n} of the orders n=1-6 are measured with the High-Acceptance DiElectron Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI for protons, deuterons, and tritons as a function of centrality, transverse momentum, and rapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=2.4  GeV. Combining the information from the flow coefficients of all orders allows us to construct for the first time, at collision energies of a few GeV, a multidifferential picture of the angular emission pattern of these particles.

Assessment of lead tolerance on Glycine max (L.) Merr. at early growth stages.

Lead (Pb) contamination of agricultural soils, and subsequently of crops, has been widely reported. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Spotting intruders: Species distribution models for managing invasive intertidal macroalgae.

Invasive macroalgae represent one of the major threats to marine biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and structure, as well as being important drivers of ecosystem services depletion. Many such species have become well established along the west coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the lack of information about the distribution of the invaders and the factors determining their occurrence make bioinvasions a difficult issue to manage.

The gut-brain axis in vertebrates: implications for food intake regulation.

The gut and brain are constantly communicating and influencing each other through neural, endocrine and immune signals in an interaction referred to as the gut-brain axis. Within this communication system, the gastrointestinal tract, including the gut microbiota, sends information on energy status to the brain, which, after integrating these and other inputs, transmits feedback to the gastrointestinal tract. This allows the regulation of food intake and other physiological processes occurring in the gastrointestinal tract, including motility, secretion, digestion and absorption.

Lead uptake and translocation pathways in soybean seedlings: the role of ion competition and transpiration rates.

Glycine max (L.) Merr. (soybean) crop plants have been found to have high lead (Pb) levels in aerial organs; however, knowledge about the processes involved in the incorporation, and subsequent translocation and accumulation of the metal in the plants is scarce.

Effects of a community resilience intervention program on victims of forced displacement: A case study.

This article describes the effects of an intervention program that uses community resilience and the psychological, social, and subjective well-being of victims of forced displacement as a reference framework. Following a multiple instrumental case study methodology with pre-post-intervention measurements, the cases of eight people were analyzed, six women and two men between the ages of 30 and 65, low socioeconomic and educational level, all of whom had been victims of forced displacement and currently reside in Ibagué where the intervention program was performed. The reliable change index was applied to estimate the effects of the program.

Ozone potential to fight against SAR-COV-2 pandemic: facts and research needs.

The greatest challenge the world is facing today is to win the battle against COVID-19 pandemic as soon as possible. Until a vaccine is available, personal protection, social distancing, and disinfection are the main tools against SARS-CoV-2. Although it is quite infectious, the SARS-CoV-2 virus itself is an enveloped virus that is relatively fragile because its protective fatty layer is sensitive to heat, ultraviolet radiation, and certain chemicals.

Immune-related IncRNA LINC00944 responds to variations in ADAR1 levels and it is associated with breast cancer prognosis.

Aims: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of woman deaths worldwide, being a major public health problem. It has been reported that the expression of the RNA-editing enzyme Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNAs 1 (ADAR1) is upregulated in breast cancer, predicting poor prognosis in patients. A few reports in literature examine ADAR1 and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) interplay in cancer and suggest key roles in cancer-related pathways.

In-depth characterization of the aggregation state of cellulose nanocrystals through analysis of transmission electron microscopy images.

Dispersion of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is of utmost importance to guarantee their reliable application. Nevertheless, there is still no consensual method to characterize CNC aggregation. The hypothesis of this paper is that dispersion could be quantified through the classification of aggregates detected in transmission electron microscopy images.

Immunologic characterization of COVID-19 patients with hematological cancer.

Not available.

Magnetic-Activated Cell Sorting (MACS): A Useful Sperm-Selection Technique in Cases of High Levels of Sperm DNA Fragmentation.

Magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) can be used to separate apoptotic sperm with high proportions of fragmented DNA from the rest, thus improving the overall quality of the seminal sample. Therefore, the aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the efficiency of the MACS technique to increase reproductive outcomes in patients with high levels of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm-injection (ICSI) cycles. In this study, we analyzed a total of 724 assisted-reproduction-technique (ART) cycles that were divided into two groups: the study group ( = 366) in which the MACS selection technique was performed after density-gradient centrifugation (DGC), and the control group ( = 358) in which only DGC was used for sperm selection.

European Society of Emergency Radiology: guideline on radiological polytrauma imaging and service (short version).

Background: Although some national recommendations for the role of radiology in a polytrauma service exist, there are no European guidelines to date. Additionally, for many interdisciplinary guidelines, radiology tends to be under-represented. These factors motivated the European Society of Emergency Radiology (ESER) to develop radiologically-centred polytrauma guidelines.

Effects of Ozone Treatment on Personal Protective Equipment Contaminated with SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing profound health, economic, and social problems worldwide. Management of personal protective equipment (PPE) and its potential limited availability have created concerns about the increased risks for healthcare professionals at hospitals and nursing homes. Ozone is a powerful oxidant agent.